Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca- Università del Piemonte Orientale
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Improving the Connection Between Population-Based and National Clinical Pediatric Cancer Registries—A Pilot Study on Neuroblastoma: The Italian BENCHISTA-Ita Project
Get PDFSearch for dark matter produced in association with a Higgs boson decaying to a τ lepton pair in proton-proton collisions at TeV
No full textA search for dark matter particles produced in association with a Higgs boson decaying into a pair of τ leptons is performed using data collected in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the CMS detector. The analysis is based on a data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 101 fb−1 collected in 2017–2018. No significant excess over the expected standard model background is observed. This result is interpreted within the frameworks of the 2HDM+a and baryonic Z′ benchmark simplified models. The 2HDM+a model is a type-II two-Higgs-doublet model featuring a heavy pseudoscalar with an additional light pseudoscalar. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set on the product of the production cross section and the branching fraction for each of these two simplified models. Heavy pseudoscalar boson masses between 400 and 700 GeV are excluded for a light pseudoscalar mass of 100 GeV. For the baryonic Z′ model, a statistical combination is made with an earlier search based on a data set of 36 fb−1 collected in 2016. In this model, Z′ boson masses up to 1050 GeV are excluded for a dark matter particle mass of 1 GeV
Una testimonianza circa il processo allo storico Tucidide nelle Vespe di Aristofane?
No full textUn famoso passo delle Vespe (v. 946) di Aristofane menziona un Tucidide che sarebbe rimasto improvvisamente muto al momento di pronunciare il proprio discorso di difesa durante un processo che lo avrebbe visto come imputato. Nella storiografia moderna questo personaggio è unanimemente identificato con Tucidide di Melesia, ma vari argomenti suggeriscono tuttavia di escludere tale identificazione e di vedere piuttosto in questo personaggio lo storico Tucidide, sottoposto a processo dopo il fallimento del soccorso ad Anfipoli nel 424 e condannato a un esilio ventennale
Servizi per famiglie e di supporto alla genitorialità: un caso di privatizzazione del welfare locale?
No full textThe contemporary parenting culture emphasizes the importance of parenting skills and the role of experts in supporting parenting, contributing to shaping a distinct area of social policy separate from traditional family policies: family and parenting support. This new area focuses on the targeted provision of services and information aimed at improving parenting skills, actively involving public actors, the Third Sector, and the private market. However, in Italy this process is not yet consolidated, and there is considerable heterogeneity in local welfare configurations, with different forms of privatization and hybridization of non-profit organizations. This complex scenario was explored through a qualitative research project conducted in Turin with representatives and operators from public services and the Third Sector. The results highlight the various discourses and ideas regarding the desired forms of privatization of services, often legitimized by the naturalization of welfare
Effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on years of life lost in radical cystectomy-treated T2N0M0 bladder cancer patients
No full textIntroduction: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by radical cystectomy (RC) is standard of care for T2N0M0 urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder (UCUB) patients. However, the effect of NAC on years of life lost (YLL) in RC-treated T2N0M0 patients has never been quantified. Methods: Within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database (2004–2021), T2N0M0 UCUB patients aged 40–75 years treated with RC, with or without NAC, were included. Relying on Social Security Administration (SSA) life tables, an age/sex-matched control (Monte Carlo simulation) was simulated for each patient. Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate average YLL until the age of 75 years between SEER cases and SSA simulated controls. Results: Overall, 1511 (27.8%) T2N0M0 UCUB patients treated with RC + NAC and 3932 (72.2%) with RC alone were identified. Compared to simulated population controls, RC + NAC vs. RC alone patients exhibited 1.3 vs. 2.3 YLL. In sensitivity analyses according to age at diagnosis, the most pronounced YLL values were recorded in youngest patients (40–55 years): RC + NAC: 2.2 YLL vs. RC alone: 6.1 YLL. Intermediate YLL values were recorded in intermediate age patients (56–65 years): RC + NAC: 1.9 YLL vs. RC alone: 3.2 YLL. Finally, the least pronounced YLL values were recorded in oldest patients (66–75 years): RC + NAC: 0.4 YLL vs. RC alone: 0.7 YLL. Invariably, RC alone was associated with higher YLL values than RC + NAC. Conclusion: When YLL represented the endpoint, RC + NAC patients exhibited more favorable outcomes than RC alone patients. In both RC + NAC and RC alone groups maximal YLL applied to youngest individuals and decreased in proportion to increasing age
Direct Current Stimulation (DCS) Modulates Lipid Metabolism and Intercellular Vesicular Trafficking in SHSY-5Y Cell Line: Implications for Parkinson's Disease
No full textThe modulation of the brain's electrical activity for therapeutic purposes has recently gained attention, supported by the promising results obtained through the non-invasive application of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in the treatment of neurodegenerative and neurological diseases. To optimize therapeutic efficacy, it is crucial to investigate the cellular and molecular effects of tDCS. This will help to identify important biomarkers, predict patient's response and develop personalized treatments. In this study, we applied direct current stimulation (DCS) to a neural cell line, using mild currents over short periods of time (0.5 mA, 20 min), with 24-h intervals. We observed that DCS induced changes in the cellular lipidome, with transient effects observed after a single stimulation (lasting 24 h) and more significant, long-lasting effects (up to 72 h) after repeated stimulation cycles. In neural cells, multiple DCS treatment modulated structural membrane lipids (PE, PS, PI), downregulated glycerol lipids with ether-linked fatty acids and pro-inflammatory lipids (ceramides and lyso-glycerophospholipids) (p ≤ 0.005). Multiple DCS sessions altered transcriptional activity by decreasing the expression of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, p ≤ 0.05; IL-1β, p ≤ 0.01), while increasing the expression of neuroprotective factors such as heme oxygenase-1 (p ≤ 0.0001) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (p ≤ 0.05), as well as proteins involved in vesicular transport (SNARE, sorting nexins and seipin and α-synuclein; p ≤ 0.05). In addition, DCS enhanced the release of extracellular vesicles, with repeated stimulations significantly increasing the release of exosomes threefold. In conclusion, while a single electrical stimulation induces transient metabolic changes with limited phenotypic effects, repeated applications induce a broader and deeper modulation of lipid species. This may lead to a neuroprotective and neuroplasticity-focussed transcriptional profile, potentially supporting the therapeutic effects of tDCS at the cellular and molecular level in patients. (Figure presented.)
Filiere produttive e turismo. Un'interconnessione per la sostenibilità dell'Italia interna
No full textGianpaolo Fassino nel suo saggio "Filiere produttive e turismo. Un’interconnessione per la sostenibilità dell’Italia interna", mette in luce il rapporto fra filiere produttive e turismo, a partire dal caso-studio della val Vermenagna, dove il lavoro di ricerca etnografica ha fatto emergere la sinergica collaborazione instaurata nel corso degli anni fra un caseificio e un birrificio
Search for jet quenching with dijets from high-multiplicity pPb collisions at = 8.16 TeV
No full textThe first measurement of the dijet transverse momentum balance xj in proton-lead (pPb) collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of = 8.16 TeV is presented. The xj observable, defined as the ratio of the subleading over leading jet transverse momentum in a dijet pair, is used to search for jet quenching effects. The data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 174.6 nb−1, were collected with the CMS detector in 2016. The xj distributions and their average values are studied as functions of the charged-particle multiplicity of the events and for various dijet rapidity selections. The latter enables probing hard scattering of partons carrying distinct nucleon momentum fractions x in the proton- and lead-going directions. The former, aided by the high-multiplicity triggers, allows probing for potential jet quenching effects in high-multiplicity events (with up to 400 charged particles), for which collective phenomena consistent with quark-gluon plasma (QGP) droplet formation were previously observed. The ratios of xj distributions for high- to low-multiplicity events are used to quantify the possible medium effects. These ratios are consistent with simulations of the hard-scattering process that do not include QGP production. These measurements set an upper limit on medium-induced energy loss of the subleading jet of 1.26% of its transverse momentum at the 90% confidence level in high multiplicity pPb events