Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca- Università del Piemonte Orientale
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Analytically Unsupervised Metabolomic Profile of the Premium Malgasy Pepper Voatsipérifery (Piper borbonense): Identification of Marker Components
No full textThe berries of Piper borbonense (Miq.) C. DC., a wild vine native to Madagascar, are prized for their distinctive aroma and flavor, considered superior to the ones of the domesticated peppers (P. nigrum L., P. longum L.). The scarcity of studies on P. borbonense, locally known as voatsipérifery, makes it difficult to secure the identity of its berries and complement its sensory analysis. This supports the need for a comprehensive phytochemical investigation utilizing complementary analytical techniques. Headspace gas chromatography highlighted differences in the “volatilome” of P. borbonense and P. nigrum, while an untargeted metabolomic analysis, based on the LC-MS2-based feature-based molecular networking tool, annotated different classes of compounds (monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, monolignols, lignans, and piperamides). This analysis next guided the isolation of 40 fully characterized compounds, including two new natural products [the sesquiterpene lactone 4-hydroxyisogelehomanolide (29) and the hydroxycinnamate ester borbonensin (38)]. The phytochemical profile of voatsipérifery is remarkable for the presence of the nonvolatile monoterpene p-menth-5-en-1,2-diol (23), of sesquiterpene lactones, and of large amounts of sesamin (34), a marker trait that clearly distinguishes it from those of the cultivated peppers of commerce and was confirmed with a parallel investigation of P. nigrum. Overall, our study underlines the relevance of advanced metabolomic approaches to characterize the phytochemical profile of spices and identify specific marker compounds
ἐξαλλάσσω, ἐξάλλαγμα (Antiatt. ε 92, Antiatt. ε 93, Phryn. Ecl. 341)
No full textThis article provides a philological and linguistic commentary on the words ἐξαλλάσσω and ἐξάλλαγμα discussed in the Atticist lexica Antiatt. ε 92, Antiatt. ε 93, Phryn. Ecl. 341
Enhanced Photoluminescence in a Neuromorphic 2D Memitter Based on WS2 via Plasmonic Nanoparticle Self-Assembly
No full textAll-optical neuromorphic devices based on adaptive two-dimensional (2D) materials have the potential for mimicking the complex processing and memory capabilities of biological synapses. Recent research demonstrated synaptic plasticity and visual memory in WS2 monolayer-based 2D memitters (i.e., an emitter with memory). However, improving their optical performances is crucial for extending their scalability. Since the neuromorphic functionalities of 2D memitters relies on O2 and H2O desorption/absorption on WS2, a careful balance between photoluminescence intensity and surface preservation is critical. Here, we investigate the enhancement of time-dependent photoluminescence response, achieved through coupling WS2 flakes with plasmonic nanoparticles obtained by liquid phase infiltration of gold in self-assembled block copolymer micelles. The localized surface plasmon resonance of gold nanoparticles amplifies the electric field and improves light-matter interactions. This method enhances the 2D memitter optical properties while preserving its adaptive photoluminescence response, thus enabling neuromorphic behavior under optical stimuli
Omnipod 5 in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: Improved outcomes with fewer boluses
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Extracellular Traps in Inflammation: Pathways and Therapeutic Targets
Get PDFNew roles for immune cells, overcoming the classical cytotoxic response, have been highlighted by growing evidence. The immune cells, such as neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, and eosinophils, are versatile cells involved in the release of web-like DNA structures called extracellular traps (ETs) which represent a relevant mechanism by which these cells prevent microbes' dissemination. In this process, many enzymes, such as elastase, myeloperoxidase (MPO), and microbicidal nuclear and granule proteins, which contribute to the clearance of entrapped microorganisms after DNA binding, are involved. However, an overproduction and release of ETs can cause unwanted and dangerous effects in the host, resulting in several pathological manifestations, among which are chronic inflammatory disorders, autoimmune diseases, cancer, and diabetes. In this review, we discuss the release mechanisms and the double-edged sword role of ETs both in physiological and in pathological contexts. In addition, we evaluated some possible strategies to target ETs aimed at either preventing their formation or degrading existing ones
