Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca- Università del Piemonte Orientale
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Investigating the p-pi+- and p-p-pi+- dynamics with femtoscopy in pp collisions at \sqrt(s) =13 TeV
No full textThe interaction between pions and nucleons plays a crucial role in hadron physics. It represents a fundamental building block of the low-energy QCD dynamics and is subject to several resonance excitations. This work studies the p--π± dynamics using femtoscopic correlations in high-multiplicity pp collisions at s=13 TeV measured by ALICE at the LHC. As the final-state interaction between protons and pions is well constrained by scattering experiments and the study of pionic hydrogen, the results give access to information on the particle-emitting source in pp collisions using the femtoscopy methods. The scaling of the source size of primordial protons and pions against their pair transverse mass is extracted. The results are compared with the source sizes studied with p–p, p--K+, and π±–π± pairs by ALICE in the same collision system and are found to be in agreement for the different particle pairs. This reinforces recent findings by ALICE of a common emission source for all hadron-pairs in pp collisions at LHC energies. Furthermore, the p--p--π± systems are studied using three-particle femtoscopy in pp collisions at s=13 TeV. The presence of three-body effects is analyzed utilizing the cumulant expansion method. In this formalism, the known two-body interactions are subtracted in order to isolate the three-body effects. For both, p--p--π+ and p--p--π-, a non-zero cumulant is found, indicating effects beyond pairwise interactions. These results give information on the coupling of the pion to multiple nucleons
Bacteriostatic, silver-doped, zirconia-based thin coatings for temporary fixation devices tuning stem cells' expression of adhesion-relevant genes and proteins
No full textValidation of a prognostic nomogram for locally advanced oropharyngeal carcinoma treated with intensity-modulated radiotherapy with/without systemic therapy
Get PDFBackground: Head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma (HNSCC), particularly oropharyngeal cancer (OPC), exhibits diverse prognostic factors influenced by demographic and lifestyle variables. Prognostic nomograms, such as the one developed by Fakhry et al., incorporate clinical and biological markers to predict overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) in OPC patients. However, their applicability to European populations remains unverified. This study aimed to externally validate Fakhry's prognostic nomogram in a large European cohort of locally advanced OPC patients treated with definitive intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with or without systemic therapy. Methods: This is a retrospective external validation study conducted on 805 OPC patients from 14 Southern European oncology centers, with a median follow-up of 6 years. Variables including age, smoking status, p16 expression, anemia, performance status, T and N stage, education, marital status, alcohol consumption, comorbidities (ACE-27), and caregiver presence were collected. Cox proportional hazards models and Harrell's C-index assessed discrimination and calibration of the nomogram for 2- and 5-year OS and PFS predictions. Analyses were carried out on 781 records with complete survival information. Results: The validation confirmed the robust prognostic value of Fakhry's nomogram, with a C-index of 0.75 for OS. Smoking history and p16 status were the strongest predictors, while age was less influential than previously reported. Incorporating additional variables—particularly alcohol consumption and the interaction between smoking and p16 status—significantly improved predictive accuracy (C-index up to 0.79 for OS). These findings highlight the relevance of lifestyle factors and molecular status to European OPC prognosis and support nomogram adaptation for population-specific risk stratification. Conclusion: Fakhry's model is valid for European OPC patients, and its refinement by including alcohol consumption and smoking–p16 interaction enhances prognostic precision. This improved model may facilitate personalized treatment strategies and clinical trial stratification in this population
Produrre tanto per sfamare il mondo? Riso, cultura e sicurezza alimentare. Una prospettiva agroecologica
No full textRole of JNK3 signaling in acute ischemic stroke cerebroprotection: A systematic review
No full textIschemic stroke lacks clinically proven cerebroprotectants, partly because candidate targets have not been evaluated with rigorous translational pipelines. The aim of this study was to perform a systematic review about the potential role of the brain-enriched JNK3 signaling as a therapeutic target for acute ischemic stroke. A PRISMA-guided systematic search of PubMed, EMBASE and Scopus was performed up to October 2024. The research was limited to original research articles published in extenso on Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Journals and written in English. Fifty-six studies met the inclusion criteria, all preclinical with a predominance for rodent models of global transient ischemia, with sparse representation of focal or large-animal models. Although the heterogeneous outcomes of the included studies, convergent evidence showed that JNK3 drives post-ischemic injury through (i) GluR6/NMDAR-PSD-95-MLK3 excitotoxic scaffolds, (ii) ASK1-initiated oxidative cascade, (iii) mitochondrial Bax/cytochrome-c apoptosis, (iv) ceramide synthesis and autophagy dysregulation, and (v) release from PI3K-AKT or HO-1 scaffold brakes. Collectively, literature supports JNK3 as a pleiotropic, druggable hub whose early blockade affords robust cerebroprotection, but translation into the clinical settings will require isoform-selective, brain-penetrant compounds evaluated in experimental conditions that more closely mirror clinical reality. Speculatively, future advances may derive from highly specific JNK3 inhibitors capable of targeting vulnerable neuronal populations within ischemic regions. When combined with optimized delivery systems and personalized therapeutic strategies, such agents may ultimately contribute to redefining the cerebroprotective landscape in stroke therapy
Higher-order symmetry plane correlations in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt(sNN) = 5.02TeV
No full textThe correlations between event-by-event fluctuations of symmetry planes are measured in Pb-Pb collisions at
a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair √s NN = 5.02 TeV recorded by the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron
Collider. This analysis is conducted using the Gaussian estimator technique, which is insensitive to biases from
correlations between different flow amplitudes. The study presents, for the first time, the centrality dependence
of correlations involving up to five different symmetry planes. The correlation strength varies depending on
the harmonic order of the symmetry plane and the collision centrality. Comparisons with measurements from
lower energies indicate no significant differences within uncertainties. Additionally, the results are compared
with hydrodynamic model calculations. Although the model predictions provide a qualitative explanation of the
experimental results, they overestimate the data for some observables. This is particularly true for correlators
that are sensitive to the nonlinear response of the medium to initial-state anisotropies in the collision system. As
these new correlators provide unique information—independent of flow amplitudes—their usage in future model
developments can further constrain the properties of the strongly interacting matter created in ultrarelativistic
heavy-ion collisions
Green Synthesis of Ag/AgCl Nanoparticles From Argan Oil Waste: Characterization, Antibacterial, and Cytotoxicity Activities
No full text
Aging e migrazioni: la “ragnatela” dei nuovi residenti dalle città alle Aree Interne (Aging and Migration: The “Web” of New Residents from Cities to Inner Areas)
No full textLo studio presenta i risultati preliminari di un lavoro di ricerca più ampio sul tema del fenomeno migratorio e dei suoi processi di territorializzazione. L’Italia si trova ad affrontare il rapido invecchiamento della popolazione, che se da un lato rileva il positivo l’aumento dell’aspettativa di vita dall’altro evidenzia bassi livelli di natalità. Secondo l’Istat (2024a) la speranza di vita nel 2023 è stata stimata intorno agli 80,6 anni per gli uomini e 85,1 per le donne, mentre la natalità è scesa sotto le 400mila uni-tà. In questo contesto, le migrazioni possono giocare un ruolo importante poiché l’arri-vo di migranti in età attiva con una maggiore propensione a fare figli, non solo potreb-be mitigare in parte il calo della popolazione, ma garantire la rivitalizzazione economi-ca e sociale. L’articolo analizza il rapporto tra invecchiamento e mobilità residenziale dagli stranieri in quei territori definiti “Aree Interne” (Strategia Nazionale per le Aree Interne, SNAI, istituita dall’articolo 1 della legge di stabilità 2014 n. 147/2013). Parten-do dalla riflessione sulle relazioni tra territori periferici e contesti urbani lo studio si concentra sui temi dell’invecchiamento, della mobilità e del capitale umano e sociale