Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca- Università del Piemonte Orientale
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    Solution of Wiener-Hopf and Fredholm integral equations by fast Hilbert and Fourier transforms

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    We present numerical methods based on the fast Fourier transform (FFT) to solve convolution integral equations on a semi-infinite interval (Wiener-Hopf equation) or on a finite interval (Fredholm equation). We improve a FFT-based method for the Wiener-Hopf equation due to Henery by expressing it in terms of the Hilbert transform and computing the latter in a more sophisticated way with a sinc function expansion. We further enhance the error convergence using a spectral filter. We then generalise our method to the Fredholm equation by reformulating it as two coupled Wiener-Hopf equations and solving them iteratively. We provide numerical tests and open-source code

    Editoriale. Potere sostitutivo e diritti tra garanzia dell’unità e salvaguardia dell’autonomia

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    Il contributo rappresenta l'introduzione al fascicolo monografico dedicato al rapporto tra potere sostitutivo e tutela costituzionale dei diritti. All'interno del contributo i curatori illustrano le principali traiettorie attraverso le quali si sviluppa il lavoro di ricerca collettivo

    Coltivare il futuro: il modello CSA e le sue prospettive per il ripopolamento sostenibile.

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    L'articolo presenta il modello delle CSA (Comunità di Supporto all'Agricoltura) come pratica di possibili sperimentazioni in materia di ripopolamento delle aree interne. L'approccio di taglio etnografico dell'autore inserisce la riflessione sulle CSA nel più ampio orizzonte della studio delle pratiche di ecologia politica in montagna

    The Epidemiology of Primary Lateral Sclerosis: Results from a Population‐Based Cohort

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    Objective: In this population-based study, we described the epidemiology of primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) in northern Italy and compared the clinical characteristics of patients with PLS to those with predominant upper motor neuron (PUMN) involvement and classic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Methods: Patients from the PARALS registry diagnosed with probable or definite PLS between 2007 and 2021 were included. Crude annual incidence rates were calculated, along with age- and sex-specific rates. A survival analysis was performed to identify prognostic factors at diagnosis. Covariates included sex, age at onset, site of onset, diagnostic delay, forced vital capacity (FVC), change in ALS Functional Rating Scale (ΔFRS), and change in body mass index (ΔBMI). Results: A total of 57 PLS patients (2.7%) were included, with a crude incidence rate of 0.084 per 100,000 person-years. Compared to PUMN and classic ALS, PLS patients were younger (median onset age 63.5 years, interquartile range [IQR] 54.9–70.4) and predominantly female (male-to-female ratio 0.58). Bulbar onset occurred in 11 cases (19.3%), all of whom later developed spinal symptoms. At censoring, 38 patients (66.7%) were still alive (median survival 8.3 years, IQR 5.7–12.3), corresponding to a point prevalence of 0.89 per 100,000. Survival was significantly associated with age at onset (hazard ratio [HR] 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.05–1.33, p = 0.001), male sex (HR 4.41, 95% CI: 1.24–15.6, p = 0.02), and FVC at diagnosis (HR 0.95, 95% CI: 0.93–0.98, p = 0.006). Interpretation: PLS was confirmed to be rarer than other ALS phenotypes. Patients had a higher age at onset than previously reported and a female predominance. Sex, age at onset, and respiratory function were key prognostic factors. ANN NEUROL 2025

    Challenges in early career for HPB surgeons: an international practice survey

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    Background: Understanding the needs of early-career surgeons is essential for developing strategies for support. This study examined perceived needs of early-career HPB surgeons worldwide. Methods: A self-administered web-based survey of early career HPB surgeons (aged ≤45 years old or practicing for ≤5 years) was conducted. A questionnaire was developed through items generation and reduction, followed by pilot testing. Quantitative data were reported with descriptive statistics and qualitative responses analysed using open coding. Results: There were 282 respondents. Six main areas of challenges were identified: mentorship opportunities, continued skills acquisition and training, research and collaboration, leadership and career development, clinical knowledge exchange, and accessibility including financial barriers. Specifically, highest rated challenges were ebalancing work and personal life (mean 6.98, SD 2.92), research (mean 6.79, SD 2.50), career development/mentorship (mean 6.70, SD 2.30), networking/collaboration (mean 6.16, SD 2.71), leadership and (mean 6.09, SD 2.53). Rating of research as a challenge was higher in Africa and Central/South America (p = 0.01), and that of leadership was higher in Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East (p = 0.02). Conclusions: This survey highlights the multiple challenges faced by early-career HPB surgeons worldwide. These results provide insights into how to better support early-career HPB surgeons to fully develop their specialty

    Per una concezione dell’autonomia individuale non abs tracta. Il cammino della Corte costituzionale in materia di fine vita

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    The A. highlights a shift in the “balance” between the right to individual self-determination and the duty to protect life in constitutional jurisprudence on assisted suicide. In the annotated decision, the Court emphasizes the Republic’s duty to ensure “continuous solidarity” with vulnerable and sickpeople, through effective care provided by the health and social care systems

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