CICERO Research Archive (CICERO Senter for klimaforskning)
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1083 research outputs found
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Tadau Energy
Get PDFCategory: Second Opinion, Sector: Energy, Issuer type: Corporate, Shading: Dark GreenpublishedVersio
Climate Leadership by Conditional Commitments
Get PDFUnder the 2015 Paris climate agreement, each Party sets its own mitigation target by submitting a Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) every five years. An important question is whether including conditional components in NDCs might enhance the agreement s effectiveness. We report the results of a closely controlled laboratory experiment based on a mixed sequential-simultaneous public good game with one leader and three followers that helps answer this question. The experiment investigates how two factors infl uence the effectiveness of leadership based on intrinsically conditional commitments. Measuring e¤ectiveness in terms of followers ' and total contributions, we find that it may help if the conditional promise is credible and if its implementation in fluences followers' welfare substantially. Importantly, however, for both factors we fi nd a signi cant effect only if the leader does not reap disproportionate gains from the group' s efforts. These fi ndings have important implications concerning the future success of the Paris agreement.acceptedVersio
Extreme weather impacts on maize yield: The case of Shanxi Province in China
Get PDFExtreme weather can have negative impacts on crop production. In this study, we statistically estimate the impacts of dry days, heat waves, and cold days on maize yield based on household survey data from 1993 to 2011 in ten villages of Shanxi province, China. Our results show that dry days, heat waves, and cold days have negative effects on maize yield, although these effects are marginal if these extreme events do not increase dramatically. Specifically, a one percent increase in extreme-heat-degree-days and consecutive-dry-days results in a maize yield declines of 0.2% and 0.07%, respectively. Maize yield also is reduced by 0.3% for cold days occurring during the growing season from May to September. However, these extreme events can increase dramatically in a warmer world and result in considerable reduction in maize yields. If all the historical temperatures in the villages are shifted up by 2 degrees Celsius, total impacts of these extreme events would lead to a reduction of maize yield by over 30 percent. The impacts may be underestimated since we did not exclude the offset effect of adaptation measures adopted by farmers to combat these extreme events.publishedVersio
Östersund
Get PDFCategory: Second Opinion, Sector: Municipal Government, Issuer type: Local Government, Shading: Dark GreenpublishedVersio
Klimavalg 2017
Get PDFHøsten 2016 fikk CICERO midler fra Norges Forskningsråd for å utvikle en rapport inn mot valget 2017. Etter samtaler med ulike aktører innen politikk, media, organisasjoner og forskning ble det valgt ut fire områder denne rapporten konsentrerer seg rundt. Oljen, de grønne jobbene, transporten og adferden vår. Vi har ikke gjort ny forskning i forbindelse med denne rapporten, men har samlet opp forskning som allerede finnes for å gi et bedre innblikk i disse fire områdene. Vi håper rapporten kan være med på å bidra til en kunnskapsbasert klimadebatt gjennom valgkampen
In the light of equity and science: scientific expertise and climate justice after Paris
Get PDFThe Paris Agreement is built on a tension between the common goal of limiting warming to 1.5 °C, and the differentiation that follows from the principle of equity. Scientific expertise is commonly seen as providing important means to overcome this tension, for example in the Agreement’s “global stocktake”, which is said to be undertaken “in the light of equity and the best available science”. This raises the question of how scholarly communities best can contribute to deliberations on equitable differentiation in the effort required to meet common temperature goals. To discuss this question, the paper looks to the literature within Science and Technology Studies (STS) on the role of science in policymaking, where disagreement exists over the merits of “heating up” controversies through politicization, versus “cooling down” issues by seeking consensus. It assesses two cases in which scientific expertise has engaged with questions of equitable effort-sharing in international climate politics: The “Bali Box” of the IPCC’s Fourth Assessment Report, and the “Civil Society Equity Review” undertaken prior to COP21 in Paris. Based on a comparison of the two cases, it is argued that scientific contributions should not shy away from highlighting conflicts in values and interests, and that “heating up” discussions about climate justice may be a valuable contribution to overcoming the tensions of the Paris Agreement.acceptedVersio
California?s cap-and-trade system: Diffusion and lessons
Get PDFThis article investigates the roles of policy diffusion and policy learning in shaping the design of California’s cap-and-trade system. On the surface, it is very similar to other cap-and-trade programs, but in practice many detailed differences reflect active efforts by California policy-makers to avoid flaws that they saw in other systems, such as the EU ETS and the US East Coast’s Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative. We assess how California’s cap-and-trade system emerged, the significance of policy diffusion, and the lessons for other trading systems by applying two broad sets of theoretical frames—the role of policy diffusion and the role of organized local political concerns. We find that despite the signature status of the trading system, California mostly relies on much less transparent and more costly direct regulation. We also find that California’s cap-and-trade system has developed mostly in its own, special political context, which hampers the feasibility of cross-border trading.California?s cap-and-trade system: Diffusion and lessonspublishedVersio
Erfaringer med støtteordninger til solcelleanlegg til husholdninger i Norge, utsteders perspektiver
Get PDFTil nå har det vært tre lokale støtteordninger for solceller til husholdninger i Norge i tillegg til den støtteordningen som administreres av Enova. Oslo, Hvaler og Fredrikstad kommuner har valgt å støtte installering av solceller lokalt. I dette notatet gjennomgås og sammenliknes de ulike støtteordningene. Gjennomgangen indikerer at pakkeløsninger hvor valg av solcelleanlegg og installasjon inngår har bedre effekt i form av antall installerte anlegg enn direkte finansiell støtte for installasjon. Også andre faktorer påvirker utfallet av støtteordningene. Gode brukerundersøkelser og engasjement fra kommune og nettselskap kan også ha betydning
PNB Merdeka Ventures
Get PDFCategory: Second Opinion, Sector: Real Estate, Issuer type: Corporate, Shading: Medium GreenpublishedVersio