Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca- Università degli Studi di Foggia
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Pedicle flap with basal allograft revascularization: an alternative way to treat Miller’s class I and II gingival recessions with AlloDerm®
No full textBeyond the Economic Growth: From the Sustainability’s Rhetoric to the Bioeconomics’ Effectiveness
No full textAt the time this book is published, our world is characterized by a deep ecological and social crisis as a result of the vital matrices’ destruction and the anthropogenic alteration of biogeochemical cycles with impacts on the environment and health, as well as socio-economic and geopolitical effects at various levels of spatial scale. This situation worsens inequalities and undermines human rights, including vital human rights such as access to drinking water. In order to address these problems, the idea of sustainable economic growth and the combination of environmental sustainability and digitalization (where the latter is indicated as a means to get to the first one) has been imposed at a global level. This vision is supported (also financially) by institutions, governments and corporations. However, the decoupling of economic growth, resource depletion and environmental impact, as well as 100% circularity, is objectively impossible, as demonstrated by Georgescu-Roegen analysis and as today, in the light of scientific evidence, also recognized by the European Environment Agency (EEA). The territories, subject to epochal changes, on the one hand suffer the effects, on the other hand are called to make significant choices at several levels. This chapter provides reflections on the sustainability concept associated with economic growth and digitalization. It then focuses on the bioeconomics theorized by Georgescu-Roegen, which considers the natural laws and environmental effects of the production process. This is observed from a geographical perspective, and the author proposes the scientifically based ecosystem approach (COP 5) as an operative and adequate tool to support bioeconomics. This is paired with a territory-based model that can be used to enact change
Classifying Raman Spectra of Colon Cells by Principal Component Analysis—Linear Discriminant Analysis and Partial Least Squares—Linear Discriminant Analysis Methods
No full textColorectal cancer is one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in developed countries. Although the gold-standard diagnosis technique is the histological analysis of colon biopsies, it is important to investigate different diagnostic tools because the microscope examination of stained tissues provides indications partially depending on the experience of the pathologist. This study reports a Raman-spectroscopy-based analysis of healthy and cancerous colon cells to detect biochemical differences at the subcellular level and discriminate the former from the latter. FHC and CaCo-2 cell lines were used to model healthy and cancerous cells, respectively. The comparison of the Raman spectra measured inside subcellular volumes including the nucleus (nucleus spectra) and excluding it (cytoplasm spectra), as well as principal component analysis and partial least squares analysis of these spectra, suggest that the differences between the spectra of healthy and cancerous cells are very small, and they mainly involve the different relative content of lipids and nucleic acid components. The relative intensity of lipid peaks is higher in the Raman spectra of healthy samples, while nucleic acid peaks show higher relative intensity in the spectra of cancer cells. Linear discriminant analysis of a few principal components and partial least squares components was used to estimate the classification accuracy of a set of Raman spectra measured inside nucleus and cytoplasm. Both methods are able to classify unknown cells with excellent accuracy (100% and 96%, respectively). The findings of this study confirm the general applicability of subcellular Raman analysis in clinical practice for diagnosis of cytological samples
Algorithmic transparency and algorithmic accountability in organizations
No full textIn this paper, we explore the effects of algorithmic transparency and algo-rithmic accountability on organizations. Algorithmic transparency refers to the idea that algorithms should be transparent to the people who use, regu-late, and are affected by those algorithms. This means that the input, pro-cesses, and their use should be known, even though the algorithms do not necessarily need to be fair. Algorithmic accountability refers to the idea that organizations should be held responsible for decisions made by the algo-rithms they use, even if they are unable to explain how the algorithms pro-duce their results.
Considering that algorithms are increasingly substituting many human ac-tivities—making decisions in place of humans—organizational actors may not always agree with algorithmic decisions, yet they remain legally ac-countable for their choices. We posit that organizational actors may face an internal legitimacy challenge regarding rationalization and consensus when their preferences do not align with the opaque decisions made by the algo-rithm. We discuss the role played by organizational actors, as Centaurs or Cyborgs, depending on whether they totally delegate specific tasks to AI or deeply interact with AI to enhance their own decisions. We maintain that the contemporary emphasis on AI does not include an accurate and compre-hensive reflection on the long-term effects on organizational systems
Enhancing Well-being and Autonomy in Active Aging: A Montessori Perspective. The case study 'G. Palena'
No full text
Conversano e il territorio a Sud-Est della Terra di Bari tra Medioevo ed Età Moderna (secc. XI-XV)
No full textIl sud-est barese costituisce una delle circoscrizioni territoriali di maggior interesse per le dinamiche politiche, economiche e storico artistiche del Mezzogiorno medievale. Nella fitta e molteplice rete di paesaggi e nella diversità dei fenomeni di popolamento che hanno da sempre caratterizzato un ambiente geografico omogeneo ma anche ricco di sfaccettature, la città di Conversano, sede di una delle prime e più potenti contee normanne, ha avuto sul territorio un ruolo egemone, insieme ad altri centri che nel corso del Medioevo hanno acquisito una più definita identità urbana.
La miscellanea Conversano e il territorio a sud-est di Bari tra Medioevo ed età moderna (secoli XI-XV). Archeologia, arte e storia, offre all’articolato dibattito critico sulla storia della città e sul suo territorio – portato avanti in tempi recenti con consolidati approcci metodologici – ulteriori spunti di riflessione, attraverso un approccio multidisciplinare che affronta temi diversi ma complementari, volgendo lo sguardo alle vicende archeologiche, agli aspetti politici e istituzionali, alla storia economica come anche alle fonti narrative e documentarie, alle testimonianze artistiche note e meno note, alle evidenze architettoniche, alle idee e alle forme di religiosità
The impact of tezepelumab therapy on perceived asthma triggers: a multicenter real-life study
No full textObjectiveAsthma exacerbations are often triggered by factors such as respiratory infections, allergens, exercise, and airway irritants, significantly affecting patients' respiratory symptoms and quality of life. Effective management of triggers is crucial in severe asthma care. Tezepelumab, an anti-thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) monoclonal antibody, can effectively reduce severe asthma exacerbations and symptoms burden. However, its impact on patients' perception of trigger-related symptoms remains underexplored.MethodsWe conducted an observational, multicenter study involving 30 severe asthma patients starting tezepelumab 210 mg every 4 wk. Asthma triggers were assessed with the Asthma Triggers Inventory (ATI), while respiratory symptoms and HRQoL were evaluated using the Asthma Control Test (ACT), Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ), and Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ). Data were collected at baseline (T0) and after 3 months of treatment (T3).ResultsAt T3, patients demonstrated a significant reduction in the impact of asthma triggers as well as improvements in the perception of triggers effects on HRQoL. Specific improvements were observed in the "air pollution/irritants" and "infection" domains of the ATI. Correlation analysis revealed a significant association between ATI and AQLQ changes over time.ConclusionTezepelumab positively impacts patients' perception of asthma triggers and their HRQoL, supporting its role in managing triggers hypersensitivity as a treatable trait in severe asthma. Further research is warranted to investigate underlying mechanisms and long-term effects
The Need to Improve the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and the Excerpta Medica Tree (EMTREE) Thesauri to Perform Systematic Review on Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders
No full textBackground: Despite recent advancements in the understanding and classification of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD), their terminology remains inconsistent and heterogeneous throughout the scientific literature, thus affecting evidence-based decision-making relevant for clinical management of these disorders. Updating this classification represents a necessity to improve the indexing and retrieval of OPMD publications, in particular for systematic reviews and meta-analysis. Methods: Through a critical appraisal of the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and Excerpta Medica Tree (EMTREE) thesauri, we assessed gaps in the indexing for OPMD literature and propose improvements for enhanced categorisation and retrieval. Results: The present study identifies inconsistencies and limitations in the classification of these disorders across the major medical databases, which may be summarized in the following findings: a) The MeSH database lacks a dedicated subject heading for “oral potentially malignant disorders”; b) EMTREE indexing is incomplete, with only 5 out of 11 recognised OPMD having corresponding terms; c) Incoherent controlled vocabulary mappings hinder systematic literature retrieval. Conclusion: To ensure accurate evidence synthesis, the authors recommend searching both PubMed and Embase for OPMD studies. Moreover, the use of Embase’s PubMed query translator and Large Language Models, such as ChatGPT, may lead to retrieval biases due to indexing discrepancies, posing challenges for early-career researchers and students. We recommend introducing “oral potentially malignant disorders” as a standardised subject heading. Evidence-based medicine underpins clinical decision support systems, which rely on standardised clinical coding for reliable health information. Enhanced medical ontologies will facilitate structured clinical coding, ensuring interoperability and improving clinical decision support systems