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دور الصناعات التحويلية في دعم الصادرات في السودان من الفترة 2005 - 2018م
No full textThe research dealt with the role of manufacturing industries in supporting exports in Sudan from the period (2005-2018). The research aimed to highlight the role of manufacturing industries in supporting the Sudanese export sector. And trying to get to know the industrial sector and its development in order to fully perform its role in terms of self-sufficiency and export. The research problem was represented in the following questions to what extent manufacturing industries contribute to supporting exports, to what extent does the production of transformational industries affect the development of export earnings? What are the obstacles that limit the contribution of manufacturing industries to supporting Sudanese exports? Little in Sudanese exports. There is a statistically significant relationship between the production value of manufacturing industries and the development of their export earnings in Sudan. There are obstacles that limit the contribution of manufacturing industries to supporting Sudanese exports. The historical, descriptive, analytical approach and the standard model were used. . The higher the value of the gross domestic product from the manufacturing industries, the higher the value of its earnings from Sudan's industrial exports. Industrial exports are not diversified and studied according to the needs of the global market and international quality standards are not applied to them. The research presented a number of recommendations, the most important of which is the expansion of the manufacturing sector on ways to encourage investment in the manufacturing sector and the establishment of large industries that contribute to exports. The need to intensify the diplomatic track to lift the sanctions imposed on Sudan and normalize relations with large and advanced international companies to take advantage of advanced technology
التقييم اللغوي وأسسه في برامج تعليم لغة ثانية
Get PDFThe aim of the research is to establish the foundations of linguistic assessment in the programs of teaching Arabic as a second language for advanced level studies at the International University of Africa, Department of Linguistic Preparation. The researcher followed the descriptive analytical method for its relevance to the nature of the study. Where the researcher used the test as a tool to collect information from the study sample, which consisted of (32) female students of Arabic language studies at the Department of Language Preparation at the International University of Africa. The researcher also taught female students in the classroom to evaluate the level of their learning of Arabic as a second language at the phonemic, spelling, grammatical and morphological levels.
The researcher reached a number of results, the most important of which are: The difficulties that most non-Arabic speaking female students face in the Department of Language Preparation at the International University of Africa are of different types at the phonemic level: difficulty in distinguishing the six ring sounds: Hamza, Haa, Ha, Kha, Al Ain, Ghain, and the voices of exaggeration, Sed. , Al-Dhad, Al-Taa, Al-Za’, and the pronunciation of distress. At the level of structures and grammar: the difficulty of using the definite article (the), when to enter the noun and when not to enter it, and often they enter it on the genitive, on the noun noun, masculine, feminine, singular, plural and definition, and the invocation of difficulties arising from the nature of the Arabic grammar in itself and on For example: the adjective comes after the descriptor and it agrees with the number, type, definition and invocation, and this is contrary to other languages, as each language has its own characteristics. As for the spelling level, the studies that have never used the Arabic letter before suffer from the different forms of letters in the beginning, middle and end of the word connected with the preceding or separate from it and the difficulty of distinguishing between similar letters and the difficulty of distinguishing between long and short movements. On the semantic level, the duality of language levels (standard and colloquial). Most teachers do not use classical Arabic when teaching and speak colloquial, while the references and books used by the students and the exams they sit for come in the classical language. The researcher made a number of recommendations, which are based on tangible experiences by international universities in establishing the prescribed curriculum in teaching Arabic as a second language and giving the opportunity for Arabic language teachers who teach Arabic in other languages to qualify them to teach and teach Arabic to non-native speakers in the concerned institutions and the necessity of cooperation of Sudanese universities All in developing a unified curriculum for teaching Arabic as a second language and keeping pace with developments in this field
أثر مقاصد الشريعة الإسلامية في الاجتهاد الفقهي : دراسة تطبيقية على فقه البيوع
No full textThis research discussed the impact of the purposes of Islamic law on ijtihad (the sales section as a model), and the research problem was to clarify the relationship between the purposes of Sharia and the practice of diligence by applying it to the sales section.
The research included four chapters and sub-sections, where the first chapter dealt with the basics of research and previous studies, and the second chapter included an introduction to the purposes of Islamic Sharia, and the third chapter dealt with the concept of ijtihad and its relationship to objectives, and the fourth chapter dealt with the purposes of Sharia in the provisions of sales.
The researcher has followed the inductive approach and the analytical approach, and one of the most important findings of the researcher is that the purposes of Sharia have a major role in the process of ijtihad, and that understanding the purposes of Sharia helps to know the legal ruling for contemporary sales that were not before, and it is stipulated in the rulings that they fulfill the purposes of Sharia, and recommend The researcher should take into account the purposes of Sharia when making ijtihad in a matter that has been new and unknown, and enriching the Islamic library with research and articles dealing with the purposes of Sharia in various fie
التفاوض وأثره القانوني في فض المنازعات الهندسية:دراسة مقارنة
No full textThis research delt with negotiation and its legal impact on resolving engineering disputes this study gains its importance from its topic related to engineering contracts which is the basic plan for the implementation of engineering construction projects.
However there are many disputes that arise since the beginning of the engineering contract between its parties,for example,the dispute over the interpretation of the engineering contract and other disputes that arise during the implementation of the contract.these disputes may vary according to the stages of implementation of the contract or they vary in terms of people .the conflict may arise because of the employer or because of the consuiting engineer or contractor.these disputes may arise due to external factors such as force majeure wars ,demonstration or the deterioration of the economy,which leads to a difference in the exchange rate of the currency.
There are general and direct reasons for the emergence of engineering disputes ,such as claims for financial differences and requests for a time extension for implementation ,as well as conflict of functional and non-functional interests during work and continuous differences of opinions between those in charge of the implementation of the engineering project ,and this results in delaying the implementation of the project.
The emergence of these disputes prompts the parties to resort resolving and settling them through alternative means to resolve disputes such as negotiation ,as it is considered one of the first methods of resolving engineering disputes and has priority as the least expensive among other alternative means .it is also characterized by other advantages that distinguish it alone .without other alternative methods plus that negotiation is governed by some of the strategies that negotiators use to gain access to the negotiation process like the strategy of domination , subservience , and common gain.
In addition to start negotiation process, one of the parties must invite the other to accept proposals and solutions to resolve the engineering dispute, and the other party has the right to accept or reject them, or to make new proposals, and One of the most important features in negotiation is that it maintains the confidentiality of engineering disputes ,as it maintains friendly relations between the parties to the conflict,which leads to the convergence of views between the parties ,which leads to reaching a solution to the conflict by issuing a final decision .agreed upon by the parties of their own will
الكشف عن المركبات الكيميائية لثمار نبات السنط وتحديد نشاطها ضد البكتريا
Get PDFThe Acaianilotic from the Mimosaceaefamily is a wild plant that grows in northern and central Sudan. Trees of thorny leaves are alternating, compoundeep-furrowed between the seeds, containing several active substances in its different parts, such as a number of flavonoids and phenolic substances in the leaves, and materials Such as tannins, organic acids such as gallic acid in fruits, fatty acids in seeds. This study aimed to show the importance of the Acacianilotica and its important role for the human being by using it in the field of scientific research and trying to identify the compounds present in the fruits of the Acacianilotica plant, and to study its effectiveness and use against some types of human pathogenic bacteria in terms of studying ethanol extract (80%) (70%) and petroleum ether and distilled water of the fruits. The plant (Acacianilotica) and its ability to inhibit and stop the growth of some pathogenic bacteria, and to identify and detect the active compounds present in the fruits of this plant.The results showed that the ethanol extract (70%) contains esters, soaps, tannins, flavonoids and carbohydrates, while ethanol extract (80%) contains saponins, alkaloids and flavonoids. Petroleum ether extract showed the presence of esters, tannins and flavonoids. As for the distilled water extract, it contained alkaloids, saponias, tannins, flavonoids and carbohydrates, and when studying the anti-bacterial activity, the results showed that ethanol extract (80%) at different concentrations (100, 50, 25, 12.5 mg / mL), the highest inhibition diameter was 15 mm against Escherichiacoli bacteria at 100 mg / mL and the lowest inhibition diameter of 9mm against Staphylococcuscoli bacteria at concentrations 12.5mg / mL.The results of a study of the antibacterial activity of (70% )ethanol extract and ether Petroleum at concentration of 100 mg / mL, showed that the highest inhibition diameter of (70%) for ethanol was 17 mm against Bacillus subtilis, and the lowest diameter of inhibition of ethanol is 10 mm against Escherichia coli. As for distilled water, the highest inhibition diameter was 14 mm against Bacillus subtilis and the lowest diameter of inhibition is 10 mm against Escherichiacoli and Staphylococcusaureus at a concentration of 100 mg / mL. As for the petroleum ether extract of the fruit of the plantshowed the largest inhibition diameter was 15 mm against Bacillus subtilis and the lowest inhibition diameter was 10 mm against Staphylococcuscoli bacteria, from the previous results, it is noted that the ethanol extract of the fruit of the plant at two concentrations (70%) and (80%) is rich in a large number of active substances and has great activity against pathogenic bacteria and that the diameter of inhibition is directly proportional to the concentration of each type of The bacterium Gram + Ve, Gram -Ve, i.e. the diameter of inhibition increases with increasing concentration. In order fruits of the plant to contain many active substances and their effectiveness against the pathogenic bacteria to humans.
شبهات المعاملات المالية المعاصرة : دراسة تطبيقية حول المرابحة
Get PDFThe research dealt with one of the most important topics that concern the issues of thought and economics, which is the issue of usury, where it was addressed through the mirror of Islam, by defining it and stating its prohibition through the evidence of the Holy Qur’an and the Prophetic Sunnah and the opinions of the ancient and modern jurists, and contemporary financial transactions have become indispensable, but most of them These transactions aim to invest and develop funds in a legitimate way, while usurious banks run their bussiness and development activities on a prohibited basis. Islamic banks base all their financial functions on the basis of legal dealing, away from the impurities of usury in all its forms. Murabaha is one of the most successful and most important methods by which Islamic banks take their way towards investing and developing funds, because of its advantages that are not available in others, but it may introduce suspicions when The application of Murabaha, these suspicions must be avoided, and in my research I dealt with talking about Murabaha as a model and an alternative that can be used to avoid falling into usurious transactions, and the research was divided into four chapters as follows:
Chapter one: the basics of research
Chapter Two: The concept of usury, its prohibition and its types
Chapter Three: The concept of Murabaha, its legitimacy and the wisdom of it
Chapter Four: Suspicions about the Murabaha Applicatio
جريمة إهانة العقائد الدينية في القانونين السوداني والغاني : دراسة مقارنة
No full textThe thesis dealt with 'Criminality of outrage against religious beliefs in the Sudanese and Ghanaian law', by following the comparative, analytic, descriptive and inductive method. The research aimed to highlight the aspects of agreement and difference between the Sudanese and Ghanaian law in the extent of declaring religious freedom and criminality of outrage against religious beliefs, with the statement of the goal of criminalizing outrage against beliefs, and to mention examples of outrage against beliefs and then point out their negative effects on the individual, the society and nation as a whole.
The research problem lies in three main questions, which are : What is the extent of criminality of outrage against beliefs in the Sudanese and Ghanaian law? What is the purpose of criminalizing outrage against beliefs? What are the demerits or damages of outraging against people's religions and beliefs?
The thesis consisted four chapters: The first chapter contained the basics of research, which are divided into three sections. The second chapter contains three sections as the third. As for the fourth chapter, it contains two sections.
The most important results of the research are that: Outrage against beliefs is criminalized clearly in the Sudanese law, but in the Ghanaian law its not, and that, religious freedom in the Sudanese and Ghanaian law is considered as a right for everyone regardless of their gender, nationality or colour, and that, Muslims are the majority of victims of outrage against beliefs in the world.
The most relevant recommendations of the research are : The need for the Ghanaian legislator to disclose the criminality of outrage against religions in the future constitutional amendments, to protect religious rights, also, researchers in their writings should make apparent the primacy of Islam in criminalizing outrage against beliefs and in laying the foundations of the contemporary constitutions and some peace and war rules which are declared in the conventions. The researcher also recommends everyone, irrespective of their religion, to forestall outrage against religious beliefs, and as well evade entirely anything that casts on problems, hatred and enmity among people, so as to let people live in peace, tranquility and stability
التسويق الإبتكاري وأثره في تحقيق الميزة التنافسية بالتطبيق على مجموعة دال كوكا كولا في الفترة من 2015-2019م
No full textThe aim of the research is to know innovative marketing in achieving competitive advantage. The research problem included that the competitive advantage in some contemporary organizations has become substandard; this is due to the ineffectiveness of its innovative marketing. The research hypotheses are based on the existence of a positive statistically signnificaicant correlation between innovation in price and achieving competitive advantage. There is also a positive statistically significant correlation between innovation in promotion and achieving competitive advantage. There is also a positive statistically significant correlation between innovation in distribution and achieving competitive advantage. The research followed the historical method, the descriptive analytical method, and the case study method.
The research reached a number of results, the most prominent of which are: the Coca-Cola Company has a department that supports the culture of innovation in price. The company has also worked to apply innovation in the personal selling process. The company also worked to provide the material requirements for the distribution process. The research came out with a number of recommendations, the most prominent of which are: Enhancing the companys keenness to know the pricing strategies of similar companies and enhancing the process of applying innovation in the personal selling process. The company also maintains the provision of distribution services commensurate with the conditions of the customers
تسويق الخدمات المصرفية ودوره في جذب العملاء: دراسة حالة بنك فيصل الإسلامي السوداني2018– 2021م
No full textThe research dealt with the marketing of banking services and its role in attracting customers, a case study of Faisal Islamic Bank. The research problem was represented in the main question: What is the impact of marketing banking services on attracting customers? The aim of the research is to know the extent of the impact of banking services marketing on attracting customers, to identify the impact of banking services design on attracting customers, to know the extent of the impact of banking services promotion on attracting customers, to clarify the extent of the impact of banking services distribution on attracting customers, to highlight the impact of banking services pricing in Attracting customers, the study assumed several hypotheses, the most important of which is the main hypothesis of the research There is a statistically significant relationship between marketing banking services and attracting customers, and the research used the descriptive analytical approach and the historical approach. Secondary sources represented in books, periodicals, scientific journals and previous studies.
One of the most important results of the research is that there is a statistically significant relationship between marketing banking services and attracting customers, and the bank’s keenness to provide its services in an optimal form, and the bank distributed branches in a very appropriate manner, which helped In attracting many customers, and one of the most important recommendations the research recommends the bank’s management to develop a marketing program that will be circulated to all bank branches, and it is also recommended to study the needs of the bank’s employees Bank, which helps them provide the best service