RIUCV (Univ. Católica de Valencia)
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Lipid Profile in Multiple Sclerosis: Functional Capacity and Therapeutic Potential of Its Regulation after Intervention with Epigallocatechin Gallate and Coconut Oil
Get PDFBackground: Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients present dyslipidemia and functional disability.
Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and coconut oil have been shown to be effective against dyslipidemia.
Objective: To analyze the relationship between lipid profiles, fat consumption, and functional
disability in patients with MS after administering EGCG and coconut oil. Methods: A four-month
pilot study was conducted on 45 MS patients, divided into an intervention group (IG) and a control
group (CG). The IG received 800 mg of EGCG and 60 mL of coconut oil. Lipid profiles were measured
before and after the intervention, along with other data such as dietary habits, inflammatory markers,
and functional capacity. Results: Dyslipidemia did not correlate with the patients’ fat consumption.
After the intervention, triglycerides (TG) levels were lower in IG compared to CG. This decrease was
positively correlated with an improvement in functional disability (determined by the Expanded
Disability Status Scale (EDSS)) and negatively with high-density cholesterol (HDL) and apolipoprotein
A1. Significant and positive correlations were observed between EDSS and C-reactive protein (CRP)
in the IG. These changes in the IG could be related to body fat decrease, whose percentage shows a
positive correlation with CRP and TG levels, and a negative correlation with HDL levels. Conclusions:
Patients with MS present a certain type of dyslipemia not associated with their nutritional habits.
The administration of EGCG and coconut oil seems to decrease blood TG levels, which could explain
the functional improvements.Nutrición humana y dietétic
Production in Nicotiana benthamiana of a thermotolerant glucose oxidase that shows enzybiotic activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus
Get PDFGlucose oxidase (GOX) catalyzes the FAD-dependent oxidation of α-D-glucose to D-gluconolactone with production of hydrogen peroxide. This enzyme encounters many biotechnological applications from glucose sensors to applications in food, pharma and textile industries. For this purpose, recombinant GOX versions, usually derived from Aspergillus niger, are produced in fermentation systems, frequently in filamentous fungi because other production platforms such as bacteria or yeast have rendered meager results. We wondered whether A. niger GOX, more specifically a mutant version with superior thermotolerant properties, could be efficiently produced in Nicotiana benthamiana plants. To this aim, we used a tobacco mosaic virus-derived vector that is inoculated into plant tissues using Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Results exhibited the efficient production of the recombinant GOX in plants and the facile downstream purification when the recombinant protein is targeted to the apoplast, the space between plasma membranes and cell walls. The plant-made recombinant GOX displayed excellent catalytic properties in broad pH and temperature conditions. In addition to establishing a new strategy to produce recombinant GOX in plants as a green alternative to traditional fungal fermentation, we further investigated the potential application of this protein as an ezybiotic. Results exhibited a remarkable bacteriocide activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.Biotecnologí
El deber de asilo a la luz de El viaje de los malditos
Get PDFClaves para la alianza entre filosofía y cine. La superación del escepticismo en la pantalla, la antropología cinematográfica y el personalismo fílmicoFilosofí
Margarita de Prades y la disputa sobre la propiedad de las reliquias reales
No full textEntre los acontecimientos más significativos de la vida de la reina Margarida de Prades se encuentra su enconada defensa como legítima propietaria de la colección de reliquias que heredó de Martí l’Humà. Tuvo que hacer frente a un litigio interpuesto por la comunidad de celestinos que las custodiaba, negoció con Ferran d’Antequera y exigió una compensación económica a cambio de que Alfons el Magnànim se hiciera con ellas. Entre estas reliquias se encontraba el Santo Cáliz de la Última Cena, conservado actualmente en la Catedral de Valencia. Con la presente investigación, a partir de documentos de archivo y publicaciones recientes, se reconstruyen estos hechos, que nos permiten conocer mejor el valor de las reliquias para las monarquías de la Corona de Aragón en el siglo XV, las tensiones internas y el papel de la Iglesia, así como la personalidad de la reina y sus funciones en la corte.Among the most significant events in the life of Queen Margarida de Prades was her
fierce defence as the rightful owner of the collection of relics she inherited from Martí
l’Humà. She was subjected to a lawsuit by the Order of Celestines that guarded them,
negotiated with Ferran d’Antequera and demanded financial compensation in exchange for Alfons el Magnànim taking them over. Among these relics was the Holy Chalice of the Last Supper, which is currently held by the Cathedral of Valencia. Using
archive material and recent publications, this study reconstructs these facts, enabling
us to better understand the value of the relics for the Crown of Aragon in the fifteenth
century, their internal tensions and the role of the church, as well as the personality of
the queen and her position at court.Humanidade
Evaluation of Non-Contact Device to Measure Body Temperature in Sheep
Get PDFNon-contact devices have been used in the measurement of body temperature in livestock
production as a tool for testing disease in different species. However, there are few studies about
the variation and correlations in body temperature between rectal temperature (RT) and non-contact
devices such as non-contact infrared thermometers (NCIT) and thermal imaging/infrared thermography
(IRT). The objective of this work was to evaluate the accuracy of non-contact devices to measure
the body temperature in sheep, considering six body regions and the possibility of implementing
these systems in herd management. The experiment was carried out at the experimental farm of the
Catholic University of Valencia, located in the municipality of Massanassa in July of 2021, with 72 dry
manchega ewes, and we compared the rectal temperature with two types of non-contact infrared
devices for the assessment of body temperature in healthy sheep. Except for the temperature taken
by NCIT at the muzzle, the correlation between RT vs. NCIT or IRT showed a low significance or was
difficult to use for practical flock management purposes. In addition, the variability between devices
was high, which implies that measurements should be interpreted with caution in warm climates
and open pens, such as most sheep farms in the Spanish Mediterranean area. The use of infrared
cameras devices to assess body temperature may have a promising future, but in order to be widely
applied as a routine management method on farms, the system needs to become cheaper, simpler in
terms of measurements and quicker in terms of analyzing results.Veterinari
Impact of Family Function on the Quality of Life and Health Perception of Non-Institutionalized Dementia Patients
No full textBackground: Dementia is one of the pathologies that has increased the most among the older population (mainly Alzheimer's disease), and it has a direct impact on the quality of life (QoL), cognitive performance, and health of these patients. Family functionality can play a role in this QoL if these patients are not institutionalized. Objective: To analyze the role of family function in the QoL and health perception of non-institutionalized dementia patients, as well as related variables such as anxiety, depression, optimism, or pessimism. Methods: Cross-sectional study with a sample of 54 patients diagnosed with some type of dementia, non-institutionalized, or in outpatient care, from different centers in the province of Valencia (Spain). The EQ-5D, MMSE, Apgar Family or general health, and Goldberg anxiety and depression questionnaires were utilized. Results: The correlation of the Apgar Family with the General Health Questionnaire-new onset problems variable (GHQ) and Chronicity and General Health Questionnaire-chronic problems (CGHQ) of the Goldberg Quality of Life questionnaire was statistically significant and negative (GHQ r = -0.310; p = 0.034. CGHQ r = -0.363; p = 0.012); as well as between Apgar Family and Anxiety-Depression (r = -0.341; p = 0.020). The correlation of the Apgar Family with the Life Orientation Test-Pessimism variable (LOT) was statistically significant and negative (r = -0.270; p = 0.061). Finally, severe dysfunction of Apgar Family has a negative correlation with self-perception of health (p = 0.036 B = -16.589) determined by the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Conclusion: Family functionality directly influences anxiety, depression, optimism, and pessimism. This could explain why family function is related to the QoL of patients and their self-perception of health.Enfermerí
El personalismo fílmico de Leo McCarey con Charles Laughton en "Ruggles of Red Gap" (1935) y con Harold Lloyd en "The milky way" (1936): cuadernos de filosofia y cine sobre el personalismo fílmico de Leo McCarey Tomo III
No full textNo será arriesgado afirmar que una intuición de lo que significa ser pueblo o
formar parte de él pudo entrar en crisis en el siglo XX. Y que todavía no nos
hemos recobrado en el siglo XXI. Hacia eso apuntan las dos películas de este
tercer tomo de los Cuadernos de Filosofía y Cine sobre el personalismo de Leo
McCarey.Filosofí
Organic cation transporter 2 contributes to SSRI antidepressant efficacy by controlling tryptophan availability in the brain
Get PDFSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) are common first-line treatments for major depression. However, a significant number
of depressed patients do not respond adequately to these pharmacological treatments. In the present preclinical study, we
demonstrate that organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2), an atypical monoamine transporter, contributes to the effects of SSRI by
regulating the routing of the essential amino acid tryptophan to the brain. Contrarily to wild-type mice, OCT2-invalidated mice
failed to respond to prolonged fluoxetine treatment in a chronic depression model induced by corticosterone exposure
recapitulating core symptoms of depression, i.e., anhedonia, social withdrawal, anxiety, and memory impairment. After
corticosterone and fluoxetine treatment, the levels of tryptophan and its metabolites serotonin and kynurenine were decreased in
the brain of OCT2 mutant mice compared to wild-type mice and reciprocally tryptophan and kynurenine levels were increased in
mutants’ plasma. OCT2 was detected by immunofluorescence in several structures at the blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or brainCSF interface. Tryptophan supplementation during fluoxetine treatment increased brain concentrations of tryptophan and, more
discreetly, of 5-HT in wild-type and OCT2 mutant mice. Importantly, tryptophan supplementation improved the sensitivity to
fluoxetine treatment of OCT2 mutant mice, impacting chiefly anhedonia and short-term memory. Western blot analysis showed
that glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β) and mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) intracellular signaling was
impaired in OCT2 mutant mice brain after corticosterone and fluoxetine treatment and, conversely, tryptophan supplementation
recruited selectively the mTOR protein complex 2. This study provides the first evidence of the physiological relevance of OCT2-
mediated tryptophan transport, and its biological consequences on serotonin homeostasis in the brain and SSRI efficacyMedicin
Exploring the impact of ketogenic diet on multiple sclerosis: obesity, anxiety, depression, and the glutamate system
Get PDFBackground: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disorder. Individuals
with MS frequently present symptoms such as functional disability, obesity, and
anxiety and depression. Axonal demyelination can be observed and implies
alterations in mitochondrial activity and increased inflammation associated
with disruptions in glutamate neurotransmitter activity. In this context, the
ketogenic diet (KD), which promotes the production of ketone bodies in the
blood [mainly β-hydroxybutyrate (βHB)], is a non-pharmacological therapeutic
alternative that has shown promising results in peripheral obesity reduction and
central inflammation reduction. However, the association of this type of diet
with emotional symptoms through the modulation of glutamate activity in MS
individuals remains unknown.
Aim: To provide an update on the topic and discuss the potential impact of KD on
anxiety and depression through the modulation of glutamate activity in subjects
with MS.
Discussion: The main findings suggest that the KD, as a source of ketone bodies
in the blood, improves glutamate activity by reducing obesity, which is associated
with insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, promoting central inflammation
(particularly through an increase in interleukins IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17). This
improvement would imply a decrease in extrasynaptic glutamate activity, which
has been linked to functional disability and the presence of emotional disorders
such as anxiety and depression.The present research was funded by the Catholic University Foundation “San Vicente Mártir”, for the research project. The “The Impact of Triglycerides on Multiple Sclerosis” (promotion code 2018-203-001).Nutrición humana y dietétic
Los trabajos en beneficio de la comunidad como ejemplo de medida restaurativa
No full textLa justicia restaurativa está llamada a ser el nuevo paradigma de justicia, en la que los conflictos se resuelvan involucrando a la víctima como el victimario, así como a todos los operadores jurídicos que intervienen en dicha resolución del conflicto (jueces, fiscales, letrados, etc.). En el ámbito penal contamos, desde el año 1995, con una medida, los trabajos en beneficio de la comunidad, que debería estar llamada a impulsar esa nueva idea de justicia de la que hablamos. Se trata de una medida que obliga al victimario, una vez que ha consentido en que se la impongan, a realizar una serie de prestaciones de utilidad pública. Las cuales podrán consistir, en relación con delitos de similar naturaleza al cometido por la persona condenada, en labores de reparación de los daños causados o de apoyo o asistencia a las víctimas, así como en la participación en talleres o programas formativos. De este modo, se trata de una medida que requiere la participación activa del victimario, y que puede consistir en prestaciones de asistencia a la víctima, con el fin de rehabilitar al primero y de desvictimizar a la segunda; objetivos que impregnan el nuevo paradigma de justicia restaurativa.Derech