NUPI Research Online (Norwegian Institute of International Affairs)
Not a member yet
1579 research outputs found
Sort by
Space, nature and hierarchy: the ecosystemic politics of the Caspian Sea
Get PDFThe Anthropocene has given rise to growing efforts to govern the world’s ecosystems. There is a hitch, however, ecosystems do not respect sovereign borders; hundreds traverse more three states and thus require complex international cooperation. This article critically examines the political and social consequences of the growing but understudied trend towards transboundary ecosystem cooperation. Matchmaking the new hierarchy scholarship in International Relations (IR) and political geography, the article theorises how ecosystem discourse embodies a latent spatially exclusive logic that can bind together and bound from outside unusual bedfellows in otherwise politically awkward spaces. We contend that such ‘ecosystemic politics’ can generate spatialised ‘broad hierarchies’ that cut across both Westphalian renderings of space and the latent post-colonial and/or material inequalities that have hitherto been the focus of most of the new hierarchies scholarship. We illustrate our argument by conducting a multilevel longitudinal analysis of how Caspian Sea environmental cooperation has produced a broad hierarchy demarking and sharpening the boundaries of the region, become symbolic of Caspian in-group competence and neighbourliness, and used as a rationale for future Caspian-shaped cooperation. We reason that if ecosystemic politics can generate new renderings of space amid an otherwise heavily contested space as the Caspian, further research is warranted to explore systemic hierarchical consequences elsewhere.Space, nature and hierarchy: the ecosystemic politics of the Caspian SeapublishedVersio
The Amazon rainforest and the global–regional politics of ecosystem governance
Get PDFThis article examines the global–regional politics of ecosystem governance through the case of the Amazon rainforest. Despite the bourgeoning literature on global and regional environmental politics, the interplay of these dynamics in ecosystem governance has still received limited attention. I here propose that the politics of ecosystem governance are rooted in a dispute over the realization of alternative ecosystem services. When global actors become invested in promoting ecosystem preservation to secure the realization services with diffuse benefits, it can affect cooperation at the regional level. Ecosystem-adjacent states can perceive external interest as a threat, building regional cooperation as a tool to defend sovereignty, but also as an opportunity, using it to bargain the terms of their stewardship. I use this framework to trace the evolution of regional cooperation in the Amazon, demonstrating how it was developed in response to this ecosystem's growing global salience. Through defensive sovereignty and bargained stewardship, regional cooperation helped Amazon states to cap international commitment and limit external influence in the region but also allowed for building some form of coordinated ecosystem protection. The research sheds new light on both the potential and the limitations of global–regional engagements for the preservation of the Amazon and other analogous cross-border ecosystems.The Amazon rainforest and the global–regional politics of ecosystem governancepublishedVersio
Kinas multilaterale strekk: styrker sin innflytelse via internasjonale organisasjoner
No full textChina’s rise as a multilateral power is stirring reactions internationally, with many actors worrying about Chinese influence over specific international organizations (IOs), and its rippling effects on multilateral governance overall. In this brief, we discuss how and why China is working to craft its proactive IO diplomacy, by building position in many established and development oriented IOs, especially, and by initiating new institutions, incorporating to wide range of relations and issues. We show how expanding engagements within the UN and other multilateral arenas demonstrate China’s readiness to both follow, modify, and ignore established rules and norms, while working to ensure that multilateral institutions better reflect Chinese interests and conditions.China’s multilateral stretch: Crafting influence with international organizationsKinas multilaterale strekk: styrker sin innflytelse via internasjonale organisasjonerpublishedVersio
The importance of tariff-free quotas on pelagic fish to the EU
No full textDenne rapporten er et av hovedresultatene fra prosjektet “Betydningen av tollfrie kvoter for eksport av
pelagisk fisk til EU” eller i kortform Tollkvote EU, prosjekt nummer 901696 finansiert av FHF (Fiskeri- og
havbruksnæringens forskningsfinansiering i 2021−2022. Prosjektet er et samarbeid mellom NUPI
(Norsk utenrikspolitisk institutt) v/Arne Melchior, og Nofima med Audun Iversen som hovedansvarlig og
Bent Dreyer, Bjørn-Inge Bendiksen og Ove Johansen som prosjektdeltakere. Arne Melchior har vært
prosjektleder, mens Nofima har vært administrativt hovedansvarligpublishedVersio
The challenge of IUU fishing in West Africa and The Potential Technology Solutions: An analysis of international cooperation projects in Ghana and Guinea-Bissau
Get PDFpublishedVersio
Privileging One’s Own? Voting Patterns and Politicized Spending in India
Get PDFHow do politicians allocate public resources? Despite the extensive literature on distributive politics, we have limited micro-level evidence for why and under what circumstances politicians choose various allocation strategies. India’s discretionary constituency development scheme (MPLADS) provides an excellent opportunity to study the spending choices of individual politicians. Drawing on an original dataset linking voting patterns across 227,507 villages in the 2009 general elections to MPLADS allocations 2009–2014, we find that politicians generally channel more projects and resources to villages that vote for them in higher numbers. We then leverage a natural experiment created by the delimitation (redistricting) of electoral boundaries in 2008 to provide causal evidence that spending choices are driven by short-term electoral incentives. Finally, we show that allocation patterns differ by the type of party that has brought a politician to power. Our findings contribute to the growing literature on heterogeneity in politicians’ distributional choices.Privileging One’s Own? Voting Patterns and Politicized Spending in IndiapublishedVersio
Finland og Sverige inn i NATO? Veien dit og konsekvenser.
Get PDFI midten av mai skjer det en rekke avklaringer i begge våre naboland som kan lede til en felles annonsering om ønsket NATO medlemskap. Dersom Finland og Sverige sender en formell NATO-søknad, vil det utløse en todelt prosess. Sikkerhetsgarantien i NATO-traktatens Artikkel V er ikke gyldig før samtlige 30 medlemsland har ratifisert søknaden, og tiltak for å beskytte Finland og Sverige i mellomfasen er drøftet med NATO, USA og europeiske stormakter. Finsk og svensk medlemskap vil være en historisk styrking av NATO, både politisk og militært. Å inkludere Finland og Sverige i NATO vil føre til omfattende endringer i norsk forsvarsplanlegging og totalforsvarskonsept.Finland og Sverige inn i NATO? Veien dit og konsekvenser.publishedVersio
Utfordrende kunnskapssamarbeid: Etiske og sikkerhetsrelaterte utfordringer som forskere og kunnskapsinstitusjoner i Norge møter i internasjonale samarbeid
Get PDFDenne rapporten presenterer funn fra en studie av etiske og sikkerhetsrelaterte utfordringer som forskere og kunnskapsinstitusjoner i Norge møter og håndterer i sine internasjonale samarbeid.Utfordrende kunnskapssamarbeid: Etiske og sikkerhetsrelaterte utfordringer som forskere og kunnskapsinstitusjoner i Norge møter i internasjonale samarbeidpublishedVersio