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Bygulvet bak fasaden: børs eller katedral? Kuratering av første etasje i norsk by- og eiendomsutvikling
No full textBykjernens historiske rolle som økonomisk og sosial arena utfordres av flere krefter, blant annet store kjøpesentre og økende netthandel. Likevel synes byens første etasje å bestå som en viktig arena for konsum og opplevelser, og en vesentlig del av vår opplevelse av byen. Som den svenske arkitekturforskeren Mattias Kärrholm skriver: «retail is, and probably always has been, an important and often integrating and generating aspect of urban life». Byen er stedet hvor varer, kultur, kunnskap og idéer utveksles; gaten – eller bygulvet – er selve scenen der dette utspiller seg.
Mye tyder på at byens første etasje har fått en økt betydning de siste årene, og at den særlige sammensetningen – eller kurateringen – av tilbud her er en del av en pågående profesjonalisering innenfor by- og eiendomsutviklingsbransjen. Denne masteroppgaven i urbanisme forsøker å besvare følgende overordnede spørsmål: «Hvilken rolle tillegges eiendommers første etasje hos eiendomsutviklerne – de som eier, forvalter og utvikler eiendom – i dagens by- og eiendomsutvikling i norske byer?» Oppgaven tar utgangspunkt i en rekke kvalitative intervjuer med sentrale aktører innenfor by- og eiendomsutvikling, og er sentrert rundt profesjonens praksis. Summen av informantenes refleksjoner gir innsikt i hvordan byens første etasje planlegges, fremstår og fungerer i de norske storbyene.
På hvilken måte kommer kurateringen av bygulvet til uttrykk i dagens by- og eiendomsutvikling? Hvilken drivkraft har de som eier, forvalter og utvikler eiendom for å kuratere innholdet i byens første etasje? Og på hvilken måte spiller kurateringen av første etasje inn på (opplevelsen av) byens autentisitet? Disse forskningsspørsmålene drøftes gjennom seks underkapitler, som hver tar for seg ulike relevante faglige perspektiver og tematikker, som kuratering, profesjonalisering, destinasjonskultur og branding, eierskap, økonomi, gentrifisering og autentisitet. Sistnevnte har blitt en av oppgavens viktigste sentrale diskusjoner, der særlig den amerikanske sosiologen Sharon Zukins forståelse av autentisitetsbegrepet er sentralt. For finnes det egentlig noe sånt som autentisitet – og gir det mening å snakke om det i dagens omskiftelige by?
Målet med denne masteroppgaven er å tilføre mer kunnskap om et felt vi ofte bare ser resultatet av, og kaste lys over noen av årsakssammenhengene som gjør at byen fremstår som den gjør.ENGLISH ABSTRACT
The historic role of the city centre as an important arena for economical and social activities is challenged by several forces, two of them being large (suburban) shopping malls and e-commerce. Nevertheless, the ground floor of the city seems to maintain its position as a crucial framework for consumption and different activities, as well as a significant part of our experience of the city itself. As the Swedish architectural researcher Mattias Kärrholm writes: ‘retail is, and probably always has been, an important and often integrating and generating aspect of urban life’. The city is the place where commodities, culture, knowledge and ideas are exchanged; the street – the urban ground floor – is the very stage on which this takes place.
There are signs that suggest that the city’s ground floor spaces have gained an increased importance in recent years, and that the very configuration – or curation, rather – of content here is part of an ongoing professionalisation within the real estate and urban development sector(s). This executive master’s thesis in urbanism intends to answer the following main question: ‘In contemporary real estate and urban development in Norwegian cities, what role do real estate developers assign to their properties’ ground floor spaces?’ The thesis is based on a number of qualitative interviews with key actors within the urban development and real estate sectors, and is centred around the professions’ practice. The sum of the informants’ reflections provide an insight into how the urban ground floor is planned, appears and works in bigger Norwegians cities.
In what way does the curation of the urban ground floor manifest itself in the comtenporary real estate and urban development? Which are the driving forces behind this curation for those who own, manage and develop properties? And in what way does this curation affect (our experience of) the authenticity of the city? These questions are discussed through six chapters, each exploring relevant perspectives and themes, like curation, profesionalisation, destination culture and branding, ownership, economics, gentrification, and authenticity. The latter has become a main discussion of the thesis, with the American urban sociologist Sharon Zukin’s understanding of the term being central. Is there really any such thing as autenticity, and does it make sense to talk about this in our ever-changing contemporary city?
The ambition of this thesis is to provide more knowledge to a branch of urban development of which we normally only see the end results, shedding light on some of the causalities that make the city appear as it does
Nabolagsdesignerne
No full textDette prosjektet handler om å se hva som skjer når vi jobber med de små tingene med et nedenfra-og-opp perspektiv. Vi utforsker dette ved å se på hvordan vi kan tilgjengeliggjøre designkompetanse for nabolagsinitiativer.
Vi har kastet oss ut i det og takket ja til alle møter og invitasjoner. Vi har vært mest mulig utenfor AHOs vegger for å observere, utforske, leke og lære. Det har vært utfordrende, men gøy. Likevel, handler dette diplomet ikke bare om moro.
Vi møter stadig komplekse og utfordrende oppgaver på samfunnsnivå, og vi tror at designere være med å bidra på ulike skalaer - både gjennom store konsulentfirmaer og små prosjekter når vi designer og implementerer på riktig måte. Målet vårt er å vise at designferdigheter i mindre prosjekter kan belyse og løse komplekse utfordringer, men dette krever designere med de riktige ferdighetene, kompetansen og verdiene.
Vi har engasjert oss i lokalmiljøet rundt oss og eksperimentert ute med samarbeidspartnere. Casestudien Linje 5 Fade viser hvordan designere kan samarbeide med lokale initiativer og skape meningsfulle møter og innovative idéer i nabolaget. Gjennom Raddis, studentgruppen som vi har etablert, har vi utforsket engasjementet til studenter og sett på hvordan vi kan bruke den kompetansen vi har til meningsfylt arbeid på lokalt nivå.
Samspillet mellom casestudien og Raddis har bidratt til å identifisere mønstre gjennom å reflektere over funn og erfaringer på tvers av prosjektene. Samt å generere innsikt om hvordan designere kan bidra til nabolagsutvikling på en meningsfull måte, med et nedenfra-og-opp-perspektiv. Våre refleksjoner og innsikter gir en helhetlig forståelse av hvordan designere kan bidra til nabolagsutvikling, og vi har utviklet 10 prinsipper for Nabolagsdesign som verktøy for fremtidige nabolagsdesignere.
Vi håper at vårt arbeid vil inspirere andre designere til å utforske og bruke sine ferdigheter på en lignende måte, og at det vil legge til rette for en dypere forståelse av hvordan designkompetanse kan bidra til nabolagsutvikling og samfunnsendring.submittedVersio
Nabolagsaktivisme – et nødvendig korrektiv eller en krevende forstyrrelse? Med aksjonen «Ja til stor park i Nydalen» som eksempel.
Get PDFDenne masteroppgaven undersøker nabolagsaktivisme i den fortettede byen, og spesielt aksjonen «Ja til stor park i Nydalen» som kjemper for opprettelsen av en stor park i det knutepunktfortettede område Nydalen i Oslo. Aksjonen fremhever Nydalen som et av Norges tettest befolkede områder og kjemper for en stor park på det aksjonen mener er det siste tilgjengelige arealet egnet for etablering av en stor park.
Det har de siste årene vært flere aksjoner i Oslo som har kjempet for friområder, grøntområder og park. Parkaktivistene i Nydalen har belyst utfordringer knyttet til medvirkning, fortetting og en prosjektbasert byutvikling uten gode overordnede planer. De hevder at knutepunktfortettingen har kommet på bekostning av nabolagsbyggende arealer som park og møteplasser. Som eksempel kan nabolagsaksjonen «Ja til stor park i Nydalen» være med på å belyse utfordringer som også er gjeldene andre steder.
I denne oppgaven blir nabolagsaktivisme belyst gjennom temaene medvirkning, makt og aktivisme i byutvikling. Formålet er å undersøke hvordan og hvorfor aksjonen oppstår samt hvordan de jobber for å få gjennomslag. Parkaksjonen i Nydalen startet med et innbyggerforslag og har gjennom omfattende og strategisk arbeid lyktes med å bli en aktør med innflytelse på byutviklingen i området. Den brede støtten og aksjonens engasjement for fellesskapets interesser, som etablering av en park, har gitt aksjonen legitimitet. Aksjonen har muligens også hatt en nabolagsbyggende rolle i seg selv. Samtidig viser parkaksjonen i Nydalen at aktivisme er en krevende praksis for alle involverte parter, så vel politikere, planleggere og utbyggere som aktivistene selv, men kanskje var det nødvendig i Nydalen.submittedVersio
FANGST - Et foredlingsanlegg for fisk og tang
No full textWith the case of Vardø, my diploma investigates the current problems with the fish industry and suggests a strategy to reinhabit and strengthen the coastal settlement through symbiosis between small-scale fishing and seaweed cultivation.
After many years of depression and dilapidation in Vardø, the backdrop of my diploma comes with a local urgency to reinhabit the harbor and preserve the use of harbor buildings for the fish industry. With the urgent need to put the buildings in Vardø harbor back into operation, the project investigates how a vacant harbor building can be transformed and reused to house future industry to bring back local workplaces. How does the merge between the traditional coastal architecture and the new industrial demands inform architectural space?
Traditionally the coastal people in the north subsisted through a combination of fishing and farming, in Norwegian called fiskarbonden. The combination of two sources of nutrition and income provided families with what they needed to secure the settlement. Learning from our history, my exploration for the future comes from an inspiration of historical traditions. The project further investigates how the industry of small-scale fishing can be expanded and strengthened through symbiosis with a new, up and coming industry; seaweed farming. The aim is to expand the seafood industry in a more diverse and sustainable direction, that can bring back local workplaces for processing and open up for greater participation across gender and age.
The facility covers the entire production line from harvest to finished product, and the goal is to keep processing and as much raw materials as possible locally. The products can be bought at the local shop inside the old cod liver oil factory, Sea Fever. On the upper floor you can enjoy a healthful seaweed bath with cut off from the production.submittedVersio
Lys i Nord-Norske hus
Get PDFThis diploma project is about rehabilitation of the post war reconstruction architecture in Nord-Troms and Finnmark. How can the post war houses be rehabilitated with respect for cultural history while also meeting the criteria for a good home in our time?
During World War II, the inhabitants of Nord-Troms and Finnmark were forcibly evacuated using a “scorched earth” tactic. Therefore, an entire region had to be rebuilt after the war. Nord-Troms and Finnmark are therefore dominated by houses that were constructed under time pressure and with limited resources as a consequence of a brutal war.
Architects from across the country were engaged to design standardized houses to help revive the region. The result was small, square houses with efficient floor plans. With their hundred square meters, these houses served as homes for both small and large families. Over time, the houses have expanded in various directions, and few have retained their original features. They have evolved from uniformity to individuality. Most have been expanded upon and inhabited, but many are also vacant and dilapidated.
These houses constitute an important part of Norwegian cultural history and heritage. Constructing new houses when there already exists a large number of existing buildings is neither sustainable or preserving for the history these houses represent.
The fact that many of the houses have extensions suggests that they dosn`t where good and flexible enough. The extensions themselves can be seen as a critic of the houses as they where. When life changes, the need for space can increase. But are the houses actually too small?
With my project, I aim to respond to the critique of extensions by presenting the opposite. I want to demonstrate that these houses can be good and flexible homes within their original framework, even as life changes and the need for space grows. The houses need people, and people need the houses.
The site/ house for the example for how we can renovate these houses is Sandvika, 2 at Sørøya. At the coast in Finnmark.
“The safity fireplace”- which keeps the house warm, and the family connected. In the origonal recontstruction crossplan where all the rooms sentered aroud the pipe, with their own fireplace.
In the project, this princip is taken further. The fireplace forms the circulation in the floor plan, where one moves around the chimney between the rooms. Originally, each room connected to the chimney had its own view to the flames of the fireplace.
One can envision the chimney as a bonfire, where each person sits around in their own rooms but is connected to the central point that provides warmth and company, even if you are alone in your room.submittedVersio
Designing for Logic Hybridity in New Service Development: A Case of the Estonian Youth Mental Health Systems
No full textacceptedVersio
Decide to age in Norway
No full textImmigrant elderly in Norway encounter healthcare access challenges due to language and cultural barriers, leading to ineffective communication with service providers and inadequate care. Additionally, institutions lack cultural sensitivity, hindering integration and comfort within the healthcare system.
My service concept revolves around culture mediators who assume a vital role in mediating the needs of elderly individuals and institutions. As communication bridges, culture mediators can facilitate elderly individuals in expressing their needs more effectively, while also enabling institutions to comprehend their needs better and enhance their services to promote cultural inclusivity.
C-Med is an innovative application designed to help immigrant families locate and connect with services that meet their cultural needs within their community. With C-Med, users can access information about culture mediators and their experience and expertise, enabling them to choose suitable culture mediator based on their specific institutional, cultural, and social needs. Users can submit requests, and culture mediators will assist them in negotiating their needs with relevant institutions.
In a macro level, culture mediators can help establish a diverse community network, enabling immigrant elderly to connect and support each other. This not only enhances their social skills and reduces loneliness, but also improves their ability to advocate for their group's interests.
Cultural mediators can also form a network of service providers, facilitating collaboration between different institutions and cultural mediators. This network can provide an effective platform to work together and address the issues. Additionally, the collaboration platform can facilitate better information sharing and resource integration, allowing cultural mediators and institutions to better understand each other's services and expertise, exchange experiences and information, and ultimately improve service quality and efficiency. Through this approach, the service ecosystem for immigrant communities can continue to expand, providing more comprehensive, high-quality, and targeted services for elderly immigrants.
3. Transformation
Furthermore, culture mediators can support the transformation of local institutions to meet evolving needs and diverse cultural backgrounds of the elderly. They provide cultural consultation, training, and communication support to facilitate cultural transformation and diversified services. This enhances service quality and improves the quality of life for the elderly while promoting the development of local elderly service industries.submittedVersio
Retracing the Marka border
Get PDFRetracing the Marka Border is a project which aims to revitalize and bring new focus to the Marka Border, which for the last years has experienced a lack of focus. The border is today lacking entity, as housing and infrastructure has eaten into the natural edge. This results in varied edge conditions and insufficient protection for the natural forest. Just the last year there have emerged a new interest in Norwegian media for forests which underscores the need for more proactive measures. With the time we are living in and the urge for nature reserve, area neutrality and nature restoration this makes us have to take into action new methods. The Oslo municipality has just given Marka new focus again and wants to make Marka more accessible also to elderly, disabled and minority cultures. This is a goal which will need an attention to new solutions.
In this diploma I have therefore decided to have three main topics: Edges, paths and entrances. The aim is to address the natural state, propose solutions for more accessible paths and create a more distinct forest entrance experience.
The lack of nature protection comes from the lack of a functioning buffer zone, as the city has grown into its limitations and an edge is barely existing. By wearing out and overusing these areas we could in many ways describe the forest as having gotten the condition of “edge sickness”. By proposing more” edges” along the border a natural protection will emerge. This is a proposal that addresses the urge of more coherent vegetational patterns with a vegetation solution. Three edges or transitions will be created: one outer one with dense shrubs, one intermediate edge with deciduous species and a deeper edge merging into the existing Marka forest. As infrastructure has done its dig as close to the border as possible it is only possible to propose this inside the Marka, but the need for a stronger edge is necessary either it takes area from the suburbs or the existing forest edge.
There are about 1.5 million people that has the Oslo Marka as their closest nature, and most of them are living in Oslo. This diploma focuses on the part of the border which is in contact with Oslo centrum and is both easily reachable and heavily pressured (ca 10 km from Vettakollen in the west to Ammerud in the east). The area concern mostly Nordmarka and Lillomarka. The high number of forests and their proximity to the city makes Oslo unique compared to other capitals with a total coverage of 68 % being forests. To many Oslo citizens it’s a prices possession, and many have a close personal relation to their neighboring forests. Still there has been found that it is mostly only the people growing up with outdoor activities that actually facilitates it, and that for many elderly, poor or minorities which are not used to walking in “wild” nature the Marka can feel quite unreachable. When speaking to the municipality of Oslo it became clear that they are now looking into what can be made of the exciting path networks to make them also facilitate for the less experienced hiker. Proposing shorter looped routes will simplify the experience of the forest and may bring more people in to the experience of walking inside a forest. I am proposing a sort of “weaving” in the intermediate edge, as it is both close to the city and functioning as a buffer so that heavily used walks will stay along the edge. The weaving will provide a network of loops along the edge at the same time as being in contact with the existing entrances and main routes.
The last aspect I will introduce in this diploma is the entrance “portals” or gates. By going on site visits and photographing many of them, it is becoming clear that the majority lack a sensation of “nature”. The high percentage of asphalt and roadblocks shows that these have been designed mainly with the view that cars shall not pass. The possibilities of improvement along these gates are great if looked upon with a landscape understanding and reading. In 2021 the Oslo municipality upgraded and created a sort of forest park at the entrance of Sognsvann to better enhance the entrance feeling into Marka. The reprofiling drew a new focus to the area and the Marka as a more reachable destination also for the less experienced hikers. In a report about immigrant women´s use of public spaces it comes through that Sognsvann is one of the only destinations within Marka they reach out to. The improvement done to Sognsvann proved very successful and shows how popular the forest is to people if it is facilitated for. I am proposing a retake on a number of existing entrances - either because their proximity to public transport, important hiking tracks or hold a lot of possible space for entrance forest “parks”.
When looking to Maridalsvannet I saw that it held certain similar qualities to the area of Sognsvann. The location is just like Sognsvann close to centrum and well-connected with public transport as bus, train and tram (at Sognsvann its metro). Maridalsvannet lies quite high in the landscape looking over Oslo from the plateaus of Kjelsås. On the dam of Maridalsvannet there is today an abrupt stop as water treatment facilities interrupts the edge. Hikers are today obliged to walk through the building site of the water treatment if they wish to cross the Akerselva river which abrupts the forest feeling. By proposing two smaller bridges lower down the river hikers can follow a more correlating line from the low valley of the river to the high panorama on the top of Kjelsås. The three edges are dressed up with hazel (Corylus avellana) in the outer edges and a mix of deciduous trees in the intermediate edge, where both sides of the river get connected. The high number of spruce forests in Nordmarka is typical of Norway but not necessarily as “natural” as many think. A hundred years ago these edges along the Marka were a more mixed forests but with the industrialization and foresty politics much spruce has been planted to cover wood and coal supplies. Now with the climate change and nature crisis emerging we see the value of the deciduous trees again as they often host rich biodiversity and will handle warmth and wetter climates well. The idea is to introduce more trees like Populus, Sorbus, Betula, Quercus and Carpinus as well as Tilia, Fagus and Alnus.
In conclusion, Retracing the Marka border seeks to re-enhance the highly valuable Marka edge by ensuring its accessibility, ecological sustainability, and cultural significance for all Oslo citizens.submittedVersio