BI Open (Norwegian Business School)
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How can the Norwegian Maritime Industry Successfully Work Toward Net Zero-Emission Supply Chain Operations by 2050?
Get PDFMasteroppgave(MSc) in Master of Science in Supply Chain and Operations Management - Handelshøyskolen BI, 2023The shipping sector plays a vital role in the Norwegian economy and significantly
contributes to international shipping. Norway's rich maritime heritage has
positioned the country favorably within the shipping industry. With the growing
emphasis on climate action and industries striving to reduce emissions and
mitigate greenhouse gases, the shipping sector shares a collective objective of
achieving as close to zero-emission as possible by 2050.
The purpose of this study is to explore strategies, opportunities and factors that
can facilitate the industry’s transition toward sustainability, considering the unique
strengths and resources of the Norwegian maritime sector. Therefore, the research
question is: How can the Norwegian maritime industry successfully work toward
zero-emission supply chain operations by 2050? To answer the research question
this master thesis used a qualitative research method with semi-structured
interviews. Following a review on relevant literature, empirical data was collected
by interviews with experts in the industry, which provided valuable insights into
the industry's perspectives, experiences, and challenges related to the emerging
market of zero-emission shipping. Additional information from climate and
sustainability reports was gathered to examine the current situation and evaluate
drivers, conditions and barriers in the market of zero-emission.
Our analysis of theoretical and empirical findings shows that collaboration
between stakeholders is crucial in developing a robust market and for the industry
to reach their goals by 2050. The market of zero-emission shipping needs supply
and demand equilibrium, leading to an increased pressure on the authorities to
engage and commit in the transition with leading players to ensure products and
services are effectively managed in the end. The lack of certainty and
development in the zero-emission market presents challenges for companies
operating in the maritime industry. However, the findings highlight the Norwegian
cluster's position as a frontrunner in innovation and the Norwegian cluster
showcases its commitment to achieving sustainability objectives while
concurrently driving economic growth. The Norwegian maritime sector has the
potential, by working closely with stakeholders in the market and leveraging the
driving forces, to overcome the barriers presented, to reach their goals by 2050
Coming Apart While Scaling Up – Adoption of Logics and the Fragmentation of Organizational Identity in Science-based Ventures
Get PDFWhen trying to commercialize, science-based ventures often face contradicting institu-tional logics. While stakeholders appreciate scientific ability, they also increasingly demand conces-sions to a commercial logic focusing on efficiency and profit. To satisfy stakeholders, science-based ventures must adapt their organizational identity to include the commercial logic. The study inves-tigates this challenge, relying on a 24-month in-depth study of a venture in the photonics industry. Based on the findings, I developed a process model that outlines how the logics shift from compat-ibility to incompatibility during the adoption process, thereby causing the organizational identity to fragment. The paper contributes to research streams on organizational identity processes, dynam-ics of institutional logics in organizations, and scaling of science-based ventures.acceptedVersio
Trying too hard or not hard enough: How effort shapes status
Get PDFIs trying to earn status effective or self-defeating? We show that whether effort increases or decreases admiration and respect (i.e., status) depends on how the person is trying to earn status. Groups evaluate people along multiple status dimensions (e.g., wealth, coolness). Each dimension is associated with a different ideology, or set of beliefs, that ascribe status to behaviors that contribute to the group's goals. Whether behaviors, including effort, increase status, thus, depends on the ideologies that people use to interpret if a behavior contributes to the group. Four experiments demonstrate that people earn more status when they try to become wealthy compared to when they are effortlessly wealthy, but earn less status when they try to become cool compared to when they are effortlessly cool. Effort increases status when directed at wealth but not at coolness because contemporary ideologies suggest that people who gain wealth through effort contribute more to society, whereas people who gain coolness through effort contribute less.publishedVersio
When the going gets tough and the environment Is rough: The role of departmental level hostile work climate in the relationships between job stressors and workplace bullying
Get PDFIn line with the work environment hypothesis, the present study investigates whether department-level perceptions of hostile work climate moderate the relationship between psychosocial predictors of workplace bullying (i.e., role conflicts and workload) and exposure to bullying behaviours in the workplace. The data were collected among all employees in a Belgian university and constitutes of 1354 employees across 134 departments. As hypothesized, analyses showed positive main effects of role conflict and workload on exposure to bullying behaviours. In addition, the hypothesized strengthening effect of department-level hostile work climate on the relationship between individual-level job demands and individual exposure to bullying behaviours was significant for role conflict. Specifically, the positive relationship between role conflict and exposure to bullying behaviours was stronger among employees working in departments characterized by a pronounced hostile work climate. In contrast to our predictions, a positive relationship existed between workload and exposure to bullying behaviours, yet only among individuals in departments with low hostile work climate. These findings contribute to the bullying research field by showing that hostile work climate may strengthen the impact of role stress on bullying behaviours, most likely by posing as an additional distal stressor, which may fuel a bullying process. These findings have important theoretical as well as applied implications.publishedVersio
The Contribution of Enterprise Risk Management to Firm Value - Empirical evidence from the North American and European Oil & Gas Sector
Get PDFMasteroppgave(MSc) in Master of Science in Business, accounting and business control - Handelshøyskolen BI, 20This master thesis examines the contribution of Enterprise Risk Management
(ERM) to firm value within the upstream oil and gas sector in Europe and North
America. Given the industry’s high exposure to various risks, this study aims to
evaluate whether the implementation of an ERM system can add value to firms
operating in this sector. Notably, the upstream oil and gas sector, particularly in
our chosen regions, has been strikingly understudied in existing literature,
especially in relation to ERM’s influence on firm-performance-related dependent
variables. Using a dataset spanning several years and encompassing diverse
financial and non-financial indicators, a panel data analysis with fixed effects was
employed to establish the relationship between ERM adoption and firm value. The
findings reveal a statistically and economically significant positive impact of
ERM, equivalent to the predominate view of current research
A study on opt-out choices and how it is framing gender differences in the decision to compete for promotion
Get PDFMasteroppgave(MSc) in Master of Science in Business, Leadership and Change - Handelshøyskolen BI, 2023This master thesis aims to investigate how an opt-out choice may frame genders. By making a vignette with four scenarios I will research how the society, more specifically, how the respondents view men and women when they are put in different scenarios where they must compete against the opposite gender.
At the end of this paper, I aim to make the readers get an insight and understanding of how the society view the different genders when it comes to opt-in and opt-out choices in work related competition.
Expected findings are that women who chooses to compete for a promotion, even though a colleague and friend seems to want the position very much, will be viewed in a negative way by the observants. This is because I believe that women are viewed as people who should not compete actively against a friend. However, I expect to find that men who actively competes against a woman might be viewed a less mean person because society expect men to compete as it is proven that men are more competitive in their nature
Opplevd ostrakisme på arbeidsplassen: Hvordan påvirker ulike lederstiler opplevelsen av ostrakisme, og hvordan modereres dette av konflikthåndteringsklimaet?
Get PDFExecutive Master of Management i Human resource management fra Handelshøyskolen BI, 2023Formålet med denne studien er å belyse hvilken betydning ledelse og konflikthåndteringsklima har for opplevd ostrakisme på arbeidsplassen. I tillegg vil vi undersøke om sammenhengen mellom laissez-faire ledelsesstil og opplevd ostrakisme modereres av graden av opplevd klima for konflikthåndtering. Vår studie er et bidrag til litteraturen om mulige forløpere til opplevd ostrakisme i organisasjoner basert på Robinson et al. (2013) sitt rammeverk for ostrakisme, Howard (2020) sin metaanalyse om ostrakisme og arbeidsmiljøhypotesen
(Leymann, 1990) med ledelse som fokus. Vi baserer teorien om ledelse på fullspektrumsmodellen (Bass & Avolio, 1994, 2004; Einarsen et al., 2007) og antar at ledelse vil ha innvirkning på forekomsten av opplevd ostrakisme. Klima for konflikthåndtering (Rivlin, 2001), her underlagt etisk infrastruktur av Einarsen & Einarsen (2021), blir undersøkt som moderator da litteraturen viser at denne har en negativ effekt på mobbing på arbeidsplassen. Data er innsamlet gjennom en tverrsnittstudie med krysseksjonelt design fra et bekvemmelighetsutvalg på 365 respondenter i Norge. Resultatene viser at laissez-faire ledelse har en positiv sammenheng med opplevd ostrakisme, funnene viser også en negativ sammenheng mellom konflikthåndteringsklima og opplevd ostrakisme. Til sist finner vi at sammenhengen mellom laissez-faire ledelse og opplevd ostrakisme blir påvirket av nivået av konflikthåndteringsklima. Når det er et sterkt konflikthåndteringsklima, blir det opplevd mindre ostrakisme på arbeidsplassen, selv ved svak eller utydelig ledelse. Dette gir indisier på at lederstil og konflikthåndteringsklima spiller en rolle i opplevelsen av ostrakisme. Basert på disse funnene bør HRM-funksjonen implementere tiltak som leder- og lederutviklingsprogrammer, etablering av etisk infrastruktur, effektive konflikthåndteringsprosedyrer som fremmer et sterkt klima for håndtering av konflikter, for å redusere risikoen for ostrakisme på arbeidsplassen
Do industry-specific accounting standards matter for capital allocation decisions?
Get PDFThis study examines whether the implementation of industry-specific accounting standards helps capital market participants in making decisions about providing capital to firms. We predict and find an, on average, increase in firms’ capital growth in years following implementation of the relevant industry standard. The increase in capital growth arises primarily from equity issuances and is attributable to the implementation of the standards rather than industry-specific trends or economic shocks. We explore heterogeneity in industry standards and find more pronounced effects for (i) industry standards that reveal new information, provide explicit guidance, or in- crease accounting uniformity, and (ii) small firms, firms with greater information asymmetry, and firms with greater capital constraints before implementation of the standards. We also find evi- dence consistent with two channels explaining the documented increase in capital flows: reduction of information asymmetry and increase in financial statement comparability.publishedVersio
Evaluering av strategiske allokeringsbeslutninger: Regionfordelingen i SPU
Get PDFMange investorer velger å delegere forvaltningen av formuen sin til en forvaltningsbedrift. For eksempel har Finansdepartementet delegert gjennomføringen av forvaltningen av SPU («Oljefondet») til Norges Bank. Avkastning og risiko bestemmes da dels av de langsiktige strategiske valgene som oppdragsgiver har tatt og dels av de taktiske avvikene som forvalteren velger å ta. I denne artikkelen presenterer vi et strukturelt rammeverk for å evaluere strategiske valg og gi estimater på verdiskapingen ved disse valgene. Vi anvender dette på en beslutning i 2012 om hvordan aksjeporteføljen til SPU skulle fordeles på tvers av fire globale regioner.Evaluering av strategiske allokeringsbeslutninger: Regionfordelingen i SPUpublishedVersio
Florence Nightingale og kongstanken
Get PDFExecutive Master of Management i Ledelse, makt og mening fra Handelshøyskolen BI, 2023Vi spør i denne oppgaven om Florence Nightingale forfølger en kongstanke i sitt virke. For å besvare dette har vi sett på tre underproblemstillinger. For det første, om hun er motivert av plikt. Vi har drøftet hvorvidt hun drives av autonom (indre) eller heteronom (ytre) plikt. Vi har konkludert med at hun blir motivert av en indre plikt. Hennes indre følelse av verdi og hensikt var det som i stor grad drev henne til de kampene hun tok. Først var det selv å bli sykepleier, dernest å utvikle sykepleie som et fag som skulle være basert på gode kunnskaper, ferdigheter og riktige holdninger. Vi har videre konkludert med at de ytre normene tilknyttet hennes kamper snarere var hindringer som skulle overkommes, enn rettesnorer for hennes valg.
For det andre har vi spurt om hun drives av vilje til makt slik Nietzsche har definert begrepet. Vi har konkludert med at hun har hatt vilje til makt, men at hun også har valgt sine kamper. Hun har fortrinnsvis valgt de kampene hun har hatt forutsetning for å vinne. Hun gikk ganske slavisk inn for å nå de målene hun hadde satt for seg. Hun utfordret de gitte rammene hun som
sosietetskvinne var født inn i, men også de rammene som eksisterte for sosial velferd og folkehelse. Florence tok disse kampene, både for seg selv for alle andre.
For det tredje har vi spurt om hun faktisk har en kongstanke. Vi har konkludert med at hun har en kongstanke, ut fra de tre kriteriene for en kongstanke: Om den er personlig og eksistensielt knyttet, om den er handlingsorientert, og om den var større enn henne selv og kom felleskapet til gode.
For å svare på hvorvidt hun forfølger en kongstanke, har vi også sett på forklaringskraften i hver av disse tre underproblemstillingene. Kongstanken er primært drevet av vilje til makt.
Vi har konkludert med at hun faktisk forfølger en kongstanke. Hun ble drevet av vilje til makt, en indre pliktfølelse og ønsket forandring. Handlekraften og kongstanken drev henne til å få til en forbedring for engelsk folkehelse og et løft for sykepleiefaget som utdanning og profesjon.
Florence utviklet en profesjon der det tidligere ikke hadde vært noen. Hennes handlinger førte til sosiale reformer, forbedring av folkehelsen og utdanning for sykepleiere