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Exploring the Relationship Between Exploitative Leadership and Employee Turnover Intentions: The Role of Affective Commitment, Length of Service and Organizational Tenure
Get PDFMasteroppgave(MSc) in Master of Science in Leadership and Organizational Psychology - Handelshøyskolen BI, 2024This study's purpose was to examine exploitative leadership's negative effect on turnover intentions and whether this expected relationship was mediated by lower affective commitment and moderated by shorter length of service, or lower organizational tenure.
To test our hypotheses, we conducted a longitudinal study using a quantitative survey, distributed at two measurement points, with a three-month time lag. Our respondents were recruited from Norwegian working life using students and researchers at BI Norwegian Business Schools´ networks, which resulted in a sample size of N = 822. Consistent with previous research, we found exploitative leadership to have a negative effect on turnover intentions. Additionally, the results showed that the relationship between exploitative leadership and turnover intentions was mediated by reduced affective commitment. However, the hypothesized interaction between exploitative leadership, length of service and organizational tenure was not supported.
Our findings aligned with stress theories, attributing the perception of exploitative leaders as a demand that depletes employees' resources, thereby making it difficult to restore a positive resource balance. By raising awareness about exploitative leadership, it can stimulate further research in the field. This holds significance as it can provide organizations with the necessary knowledge to prevent such behavior.
Keywords: Exploitative leadership, destructive leadership, affective commitment, turnover intentions, length of service, organizational tenure
Enhancing supply chain resilience through ERP systems
Get PDFMasteroppgave(MSc) in Master of Science in Business, Supply Chain and Operations ManagementThe recent supply chain disruptions that have occurred because of a multitude of macroeconomic factors have showcased the potential ramifications throughout the supply chains such disruptions can create. Additionally, the emergence of ERP-systems as a part of the increased digitization of the current business environment have raised the question on whether ERP-systems can contribute to better decision making and information sharing capabilities which may in turn create higher supply chain resilience.
We have based this thesis on supply chain resilience literature, as well as multi sourcing and digitalization in the procurement sector as they encompass all parts of our research question.
This research has then conducted a qualitative comparative case study with an abductive scientific approach to compile the results of semi-structured interviews with a selection of companies with varying business model, size and sectors. The result from our analysis was that ERP-systems greatly enhance the companies’ abilities to make quick and informed decisions that originates from well-functioning information sharing practices among the ERP-using companies. These results were in turn compared to the non-ERP-using companies which were a part of this data collection
A Comparative Study on Large Language Models for Log Parsing
Get PDFMost software systems used in production generate system logs that provide a rich source of information about the status and execution behavior of the system. These logs are commonly used to ensure the reliability and maintainability of software systems. The first step toward automated log analysis is generally log parsing, which aims to transform unstructured log messages into structured log templates and extract the corresponding parameters.
Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have shown promising results on a wide range of software engineering tasks, including log parsing. However, the extent to which non-determinism influences log parsing using LLMs remains unclear. In particular, it is important to investigate whether LLMs behave consistently when faced with the same log message multiple times.
In this study, we investigate the impact of non-determinism in state-of-the-art LLMs while performing log parsing. Specifically, we select six LLMs, including both paid proprietary and free-to-use models, and evaluate their non-determinism on 16 system logs obtained from a selection of mature open-source projects. The results of our study reveal varying degrees of non-determinism among models. Moreover, they show that there is no guarantee for deterministic results even with a temperature of zero.publishedVersio
Media, The Central Bank, and Their Relationship in the Formation of Monetary Policy
Get PDFMasteroppgave(MSc) in Master of Science in Business Analytics, Handelshøyskolen BI, 2024In this thesis, we are investigating the connection between the central bank of Norway, Norges Bank, the news, and the economy. We set out with a goal of exploring how these three actors mutually affect each other. We gather data from three major Norwegian news sites, NRK, VG, and Nettavisen in addition to data on inflation, CPI, and the 3 month NIBOR rate.
To measure the effect the news has on the different economic indicators, we calculate a semantic score for each article in a selected part of the total col-lection of articles. After that, we use a transformer based model to cluster and extract topics from the text and qualitatively analyse this for any con-nection between the news and the economy. Our results showed some connection between the news reporting on economic-related topics and economic markers, but more research is needed to get a more clear picture
Kan medarbeideres digitale tankesett påvirke om organisasjoner lykkes med kunstig intelligens
Get PDFExecutive Master of Management i Human resource management fra Handelshøyskolen BI, 2024Hensikten med denne prosjektoppgaven er å utforske hvordan ny teknologi oppfattes av medarbeidere på arbeidsplasser i Norge, i det som blir omtalt som anvendelsestiden for kunstig intelligens (Seres, 2024). Oppgaven tar sikte på å undersøke hvordan relevansen av generativ kunstig intelligens, målt ved dens brukervennlighet og nytteverdi, påvirker medarbeideres indre motivasjon, endringsvillighet og subjektive mestringstro. I en nylig studie av lederes digitale tankesett, presenteres funn som viser at ledere med et åpent tankesett er positive bidragsytere til suksessfulle teknologiske endringer på arbeidsplassen (Solberg et al., 2024). På bakgrunn av denne forskningen, har vi valgt å undersøke om oppfattelsen av kunstig intelligens påvirkes av medarbeideres digitale tankesett.
I en spørreundersøkelse av totalt 307 respondenter fra et bredt spekter av organisasjoner i Norge, observerte vi en positiv og direkte sammenheng mellom relevansen av henholdsvis kunstig intelligens og medarbeideres indre motivasjon, endringsvillighet og subjektive mestringstro. Våre funn viser videre at åpent digitalt tankesett modererer forholdet mellom relevansen av kunstig intelligens og indre motivasjon i positiv retning. Et fastlåst digitalt tankesett har ingen moderasjonseffekt. Et spennende funn viser at medarbeidere med lav grad av åpent digitalt tankesett kan oppleve økt indre motivasjon dersom kunstig intelligens anses som nyttig og brukervennlig. Derimot har åpent digitalt tankesett ingen moderasjonseffekt på forholdet mellom relevansen av kunstig intelligens og endringsvillighet eller subjektiv mestringstro. På bakgrunn av dette, vil det være nyttig for organisasjoner å fokusere på utvikling av medarbeidere med lav grad av åpent digitalt tankesett, og deres potensiale til å støtte kolleger med et fastlåst digitalt tankesett
The structure of Norwegian seafood trade
Get PDFWhile seafood is a highly traded commodity, lack of data has largely prevented examination of the firms and industries that are conducting the actual transactions. In this paper we use highly disaggregated data to provide an overview of the seafood exports from Norway, the world’s 2nd largest seafood exporting country, and a country where fisheries as well as aquaculture are important industries. The industry has a global reach with Norwegian seafood reaching 172 different countries in the period 2016–2020. While there are as many as 437 different exporting firms, this is relatively few firms compared to the 11,024 different buyers that import Norwegian seafood. There is significant heterogeneity in the export sector from very small firms handling only a few products to very large firms handling a large variety of products. The average firm is quite specialized and serves only 9 markets. However, there are also a handful of large exporters who ship products from all three main sectors in the Norwegian seafood industry to a large number of markets. The 10% largest companies make up 39% of the total export value and provide significant synergies between the aquaculture, pelagic and whitefish sectors.publishedVersio
Green or Greenwashed? Examining Brand Loyalty and Consumer Behavior Towards Eco-Friendly Cosmetics
Get PDFMasteroppgave(MSc) in Master of Science in Strategic Marketing Management - Handelshøyskolen BI, 2024This master thesis studies consumers' desire to investigate greenwashing and how greenwashing awareness, knowledge, interest, brand loyalty, and beliefs about potential trade-offs when choosing a green product impact, the consumer's desire to investigate greenwashing. This thesis addresses the need for more examination in the greenwashing literature of consumer acceptance of greenwashing by their favourite brands. This factor could minimize the risks associated with greenwashing. The mediating effect of green ad scepticism is also considered. The existing greenwashing literature lacks studies testing consumers' concerns about greenwashing performed by their favourite brands. Brand loyalty might be one factor affecting consumers' reactions to greenwashing, thus it is important to investigate brand loyalty as one of the factors that might reduce the risks associated with greenwashing.
This quantitative research was done through an online survey. The participants took part in an experiment where greenwashing was manipulated through an article stating that greenwashing was either performed by their favourite brand or by cosmetic brands in general, after the manipulation respondents were asked how likely they would be to investigate the advertisement of their favourite brand/general cosmetic brand after seeing it, measuring their desire to investigate greenwashing. This study did not reveal any significant differences between the two groups. However green ad scepticism was shown to affect consumers’ willingness to investigate greenwashing claims. These findings as well as future research recommendations will be discussed later in more depth
Hvordan bidrar utdanning til økonomisk vekst
Get PDFBacheloroppgave i Økonomi og administrasjon med regnskapsutdanning fra Handelshøyskolen BI, 2024Norge er kjent som et av de bedre landene å bo i, mye takket være landets
sterke økonomi og utvikling i tjenestesektoren. Dette har bidratt til at Norge
har et av de høyeste bruttonasjonalproduktene per innbygger i verden. For at et
land skal kunne fremme og opprettholde økonomisk vekst er man avhengig av
et gjennomgående godt system som inkluderer mange faktorer som har hver
sin påvirkningskraft. Det gjør det interessant å se nærmere på hvilken rolle
utdanning har for den økonomiske veksten i Norge. Norg e er anerkjent for sitt
høye utdanningsnivå, men hvordan bidrar det til økonomisk vekst? Det gjør at
vi ønsker å skrive en oppgave med følgende problemstilling:
«Hvordan bidrar utdanning til økonomisk vekst?»
For å besvare denne problemstillingen vil vi i denne oppgaven gå bredt ut med
å identifisere drivere som fører til økonomisk vekst, ved hjelp av økonomisk
teori. Formålet med oppgaven er å gi en mer presis forklaring på hvilken rolle
humankapital og utdanning har for den økonomiske veksten i Norge. Vi starter
med å identifisere og analysere de ulike fakt orene, for å få en forståelse av
hvilken påvirkningskraft hver faktor har for den økonomiske veksten. Deretter
vil vi se på betydningen humankapital har for økonomisk vekst ved hjelp av en
utvidet Solow modell, hvor vi inkluderer en humankapitalvariabel. Dette gir en
bedre forståelse av påvirkningen humankapital har på økonomisk vekst.
Utdanning og utdanningsnivået i befolkningen er utvilsomt en viktig faktor for
Norges fremtidige utvikling. I dagens samfunn er kompetanse nødvendig innen
alle sektorer, og for å sikre økonomisk vekst må det satses på utdanning. Dette
innebærer at invester ing i utdanning er nødvendig for å fremme innovasjon,
øke produktiviteten og sikre en konkurransedyktig arbeidsstyrke, som alle er
viktige drivere for økonomisk vekst
Let’s Get Personal: The Mediating Role of Self-Disclosure in the Relationship Between Psychological Safety and Work Stress
Get PDFMasteroppgave(MSc) in Master of Science in Leadership and Organizational Psychology - Handelshøyskolen BI, 2024Work stress is a significant modern health issue associated with severe negative outcomes. This study examines the influence of self-disclosure on the relationship between psychological safety and work stress, aiming to understand the interactions between these factors. A quantitative research approach was adopted, using a survey to gather data from employed individuals, resulting in 279 valid responses. The findings indicate that higher levels of psychological safety significantly reduce work stress, although self-disclosure did not mediate this relationship as hypothesized. These results highlight the importance of fostering a psychologically safe work environment to enhance employee well being and suggest that other mediators may influence this relationship. The study contributes to the existing literature by exploring the dynamics between psychological safety and self-disclosure, offering practical implications for organizations seeking to create supportive and resilient work environments to mitigate work stress
The real effects of financial reporting: Evidence and suggestions for future research
Get PDFThis article systematically reviews 94 accounting and finance studies that address the real effects of financial reporting. Whereas the effects of financial reporting on capital suppliers’ decisions traditionally have received much attention, recent research has generated important new insights into the feedback effects of financial reporting on the reporting firms’ real activities (e.g., investments or allocation and use of resources). We identify the consequences of financial reporting for (1) the reporting firm, (2) its peer firms, and (3) the input and output markets. We also highlight the effects of firms’ internal controls over financial reporting and consider how accounting and auditing regulations influence and contribute to real effects. The studies we review are consistent in their findings that high-quality financial reporting is positively associated with the efficiency of the reporting firm’s resource allocation. Many studies also suggest a positive association between high-quality financial reporting and an efficient allocation of resources in the real sector, which can also benefit other market participants like consumers or employees. The article concludes with an outlook on fruitful research opportunities.The real effects of financial reporting: Evidence and suggestions for future researchpublishedVersio