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Comparison of methods used to determine protease activities of insect (Eurygaster integriceps) damaged wheat and flour Determination of the most suitable protease activity assay method in insect-damaged wheat
No full textDifferent methods have been used by different researchers to determine the protease activity (PA) of insect- damaged wheat. The aim of this research work was to determine the level of PA of wheat varieties with different sunn pest-damaged kernel ratio using four different literatures and to study the compatibility among them. The objective was to determine which method is more suitable for reliable measurement of PA in insect- damaged wheat and its flour. The method proposed by Yakovenko et al. (1973) and Sivri's method (1998) were not accepted because the amount of water-soluble protein in sound samples increases with time. AACC Method 22-62.01 (AACC International, 2010) was also not suitable for the determination of sunn pest PA. It was concluded that Every's method (1991a, 1991b) showed the difference between the PA of the samples more clearly than the other methods, but that this method is relatively low accuracy because it determines PA based only on gel height without the use of instrumental equipment. In this context, the modified SDS-protein gel method of Sivri (1998), performed with a spectrophotometer, is a successful method for the determination of PA, but when the amount of water-soluble protein was not considered, more accurate data were obtained.Scientific Research Project Unit of Cukurova University [ZF 2006D18]This work was supported by the Scientific Research Project Unit of Cukurova University (grant number ZF 2006D18)
Sağlık Eşitsizlikleri Araştırmalarında Küresel Eğilimler: Kapsamlı Bir Bibliyometrik Analiz (2000–2023)
No full textObjective: Health inequalities represent a persistent global public health challenge, undermining equitable access to healthcare and contributing to disparities in health outcomes. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of global research trends in health inequalities between 2000 and 2023 using bibliometric analysis. Method: A total of 44,020 studies related to health inequalities were identified from the Web of Science database using the search terms "health AND (inequality OR equality OR disparity OR equity OR inequity)." Inclusion criteria limited the analysis to English-language, SSCI/SCI-indexed, original research articles. VOSviewer software was used to conduct mapping and visualization of the data. Findings: The findings reveal a steady increase in publications on health inequalities, with a significant peak in 2021. Influential authors such as Kawachi Ichiro and Jemal Ahmedin, and prominent institutions like Harvard University and the University of Michigan, were identified as key contributors. The United States emerged as the leading country in terms of publication volume and international collaboration. Keyword analyses highlighted contemporary themes such as COVID-19, accessibility, and vaccination. Additionally, citation analyses indicated that foundational studies like "Corporate Governance and Equity Prices" by Gompers (2003) remain highly influential. Conclusion: This study provides critical insights into global research trends, key contributors, and thematic focuses in health inequalities. The findings underscore the importance of this field within the academic landscape and offer valuable guidance for future interdisciplinary research and policy development aimed at reducing health disparities.Amaç: Sağlık eşitsizlikleri, sağlık hizmetlerine adil erişimi engelleyen ve sağlık sonuçlarında farklılıklara yol açan kalıcı bir küresel halk sağlığı sorunu olarak varlığını sürdürmektedir. Bu çalışma, 2000–2023 yılları arasındaki sağlık eşitsizlikleri konusundaki küresel araştırma eğilimlerini bibliyometrik analiz yöntemiyle kapsamlı bir şekilde ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Yöntem: Web of Science veri tabanında "health AND (inequality OR equality OR disparity OR equity OR inequity)" arama terimleri kullanılarak sağlık eşitsizlikleriyle ilgili toplam 44.020 çalışma tespit edilmiştir. İnceleme, yalnızca İngilizce yazılmış, SSCI/SCI indeksli, özgün araştırma makaleleri ile sınırlandırılmıştır. Veri haritalama ve görselleştirme işlemleri VOSviewer yazılımı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bulgular: Elde edilen bulgular, sağlık eşitsizlikleri konusundaki yayınların yıllar içinde istikrarlı bir şekilde arttığını ve 2021 yılında önemli bir zirveye ulaştığını göstermektedir. Kawachi Ichiro ve Jemal Ahmedin gibi etkili yazarlar ile Harvard Üniversitesi ve Michigan Üniversitesi gibi önde gelen kurumlar, alana önemli katkılar sağlayan aktörler olarak öne çıkmıştır. Yayın hacmi ve uluslararası iş birliği açısından Amerika Birleşik Devletleri en önde gelen ülke olarak belirlenmiştir. Anahtar kelime analizleri, COVID-19, erişilebilirlik ve aşılanma gibi güncel temaların ön plana çıktığını göstermektedir. Ayrıca, atıf analizleri, Gompers’in (2003) “Corporate Governance and Equity Prices” adlı çalışması gibi kurucu nitelikteki yayınların halen yüksek etki gücüne sahip olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, sağlık eşitsizlikleri alanındaki küresel araştırma eğilimleri, önde gelen araştırmacılar ve tematik odaklar hakkında önemli bilgiler sunmaktadır. Bulgular, bu alanın akademik çalışmalardaki yerini ve önemini vurgulamakta, sağlık eşitsizliklerini azaltmaya yönelik gelecekteki disiplinlerarası araştırmalar ve politika geliştirme süreçleri için yol gösterici olmaktadır
Biomass production from organic waste with microalgae
No full text30.03.2026 tarihine kadar kullanımı yazar tarafından kısıtlanmıştır.Bu çalışma, lignoselülozik bir tarımsal atık olan yer fıstığı kabuklarının mikroalg biyokütle üretiminde karbon kaynağı olarak kullanım potansiyelini araştırmaktadır. Osmaniye'nin Düziçi ilçesinden temin edilen yer fıstığı kabukları yıkanmış, kurutulmuş, öğütülmüş ve su, asit ile alkali ön işlemlerine tabi tutularak hidrolizatları elde edilmiştir. Bu hidrolizatlar, Galdieria sulphuraria ve Chlorella sorokiniana türlerinin heterotrofik ve miksotrofik koşullarda kültürlenmesi amacıyla besi ortamlarına eklenmiştir. Uygulanan yöntemler arasında en yüksek biyokütle verimi alkali hidrolizatlarda elde edilmiştir. Özellikle glikoz ilavesi yapılan heterotrofik ve miksotrofik ortamlarda G. sulphuraria'nın büyümesi belirgin şekilde artmıştır. Lignoselülozik bileşiklerin basit karbonhidratlara dönüştürülmesi ve bu karbon kaynaklarının mikroalgler tarafından tüketilmesi başarılı bir şekilde gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışma, yer fıstığı kabuklarının mikroalg biyoteknolojisinde sürdürülebilir bir kaynak olarak değerlendirilmesine yönelik özgün bir yaklaşım sunmaktadır.This study investigates the potential of utilizing peanut shells, a lignocellulosic agricultural waste, as a carbon source for microalgal biomass production. Peanut shells collected from Düziçi (Osmaniye, Türkiye) were washed, dried, ground, and subjected to water, acid, and alkaline pretreatments to obtain hydrolysates. These hydrolysates were incorporated into growth media to support the heterotrophic and mixotrophic cultivation of Galdieria sulphuraria and Chlorella sorokiniana. Among the tested methods, alkaline hydrolysates yielded the highest biomass productivity. G. sulphuraria cultures showed enhanced growth in heterotrophic and mixotrophic conditions, especially when supplemented with glucose. The conversion of lignocellulosic components into simple carbohydrates and their subsequent uptake by microalgae was successfully demonstrated. This work presents a novel approach to valorizing peanut shell waste for sustainable microalgal biotechnology applications
The effect of FIFA 11+ training program on biomotor characteristics and body composition values of young football players
Full text linkBu araştırma, genç futbolculara uygulanan FIFA+11 eğitim programının biyomotor özellikler ve vücut kompozisyonu üzerindeki etkilerini incelemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmaya U14 ve U18 yaş gruplarından toplam 36 erkek futbolcu gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Katılımcılara 14 hafta boyunca, haftada üç gün olmak üzere FIFA+11 programı uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada deneysel desen olarak ön test–son test kontrol gruplu model kullanılmıştır. Katılımcıların boy, vücut ağırlığı, esneklik, çeviklik (T-Testi), sürat (5, 20 ve 30 metre) ve aerobik kapasite (VO2max) ölçümleri yapılmıştır. Veriler tanımlayıcı istatistiklerle özetlenmiş, dağılım normalliği Shapiro-Wilk testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Verilerin analizinde gruplar arası karşılaştırmalarda normal dağılım gösteren veriler için Eşleştirilmiş T Testi, normal dağılım göstermeyen veriler için ise Wilcoxon testi kullanılmıştır. U14 deney grubunda esneklik, çeviklik, 20 m ve 30 m sürat testlerinde anlamlı gelişmeler elde edilmiştir (p<0,05). T-Testi ortalamalarının anlamlı düzeyde azaldığı, 5 metre sürat testinde ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir değişiklik olmadığı görülmüştür. U18 kontrol grubunda ise esneklik, çeviklik, 20 m ve 30 m sürat testleri ile VO2max değerlerinde anlamlı artışlar gözlenmiştir. Beden kütle indeksindeki azalma ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır. Sonuç olarak, FIFA+11 programı genç futbolcuların esneklik, sürat, çeviklik ve aerobik kapasitelerini artırmada etkilidir. Ancak vücut kompozisyonundaki değişiklikler, daha uzun süreli uygulamalarla belirgin hale gelebileceği düşünülmektedir.This study was conducted to investigate the effects of FIFA+11 training program on biomotor characteristics and body composition of young soccer players. A total of 36 male soccer players from U14 and U18 age groups voluntarily participated in the study. FIFA+11 program was applied to the participants for 14 weeks, three days a week. In the study, pretest-posttest control group model was used as experimental design. Height, body weight, flexibility, agility (T-Test), sprint (5, 20 and 30 meters) and aerobic capacity (VO2max) were measured. Data were summarized with descriptive statistics and normality of distribution was evaluated by Shapiro-Wilk test. In the analysis of the data, Paired T Test was used for normally distributed data and Wilcoxon test was used for non- normally distributed data. In the U14 experimental group, significant improvements were obtained in flexibility, agility, 20 m and 30 m sprint tests (p<0.05). It was observed that the T-Test averages decreased significantly, while there was no statistically significant change in the 5-meter sprint test. In the U18 control group, significant increases were observed in flexibility, agility, 20 m and 30 m sprint tests and VO2max values. The decrease in body mass index was not statistically significant. In conclusion, FIFA+11 program is effective in increasing flexibility, speed, agility and aerobic capacity of young soccer players. However, it is thought that the changes in body composition may become evident with longer-term applications
Precise Localization of the Posterior Clinoid Process in the Fetal Skull Base
No full textObjective: To determine the precise position of the posterior clinoid process (PCP) in fetuses. Materials and Methods: Skull bases of 32 fetuses (11 males/21 females) aged 17 to 32 weeks in utero were included in the study. The distances of PCP to certain reference points were measured. Results: The distances of PCP to the foramen ovale, foramen rotundum, superior orbital fissure, anterior clinoid process, foramen magnum, and crista galli were measured as 7.70 +/- 1.86 mm, 6.99 +/- 1.65 mm, 6.07 +/- 1.85 mm, 3.85 +/- 1.10 mm, 15.34 +/- 3.38 mm, and 14.49 +/- 2.65 mm, respectively. All parameters were similar for both sides (P>0.05). Apart from the distance of PCP to the foramen magnum, the remaining parameters were similar for both genders. This parameter was greater in males than females (P=0.001). All parameters were greater in the third-trimester fetuses than the second-trimester fetuses. All parameters increased with advancing gestational weeks (P<0.001). Linear functions were calculated for the distances of PCP to the crista galli (y = 1.311 + 0.551 x age), to the foramen magnum (y = 0.086 + 0.638 x age), to the anterior clinoid process (y = -0.303 + 0.174 x age), to the superior orbital fissure (y = - 2.013 + 0.338 x age), to the foramen rotundum (y = 1.803 + 0.217 x age), and to the foramen ovale (y = 0.760 + 0.290 x age). Conclusion: The measured distances increased with growth. The linear functions displaying the growth dynamics of PCP-related parameters may be used to estimate the distances
Effects of Caffeic Acid on Human Health: Pharmacological and Therapeutic Effects, Biological Activity and Toxicity
No full textPhenolic compounds are bioactive compounds found in many natural products. Natural products exhibit biological activities because of their bioactive compounds. This review presents an overview of the general characteristics of caffeic acid, including its derivatives and biosynthesis, pharmacological and therapeutic effects, and biological activities. According to the literature research conducted, it has been reported that there are medical and pharmacological effects such as atherosclerotic, cardioprotective, immunomodulatory, hypertension, radiotherapy, neurodegeneration, neuroprotective, anxiety, vasoactive, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Furthermore, it has been observed that the substance possesses biological activities such as antioxidant, antihyperglycemic, antimicrobial, anticancer, cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulatory, antidiabetic, and antiviral properties. Within this scope, it is believed that caffeic acid could serve as a significant natural resource in pharmacological designs
Evaluation of the relationship between occupational balance and quality of life in pregnant and non-pregnant women
No full textBackground Occupational balance plays a crucial role in maintaining overall well-being and quality of life, particularly during pregnancy, a period marked by significant physiological, psychological, and social changes. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between occupational balance and quality of life in pregnant and non-pregnant women. Methods This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in a foundation university hospital with 220 participants, 110 pregnant women in different trimesters of pregnancy (case group) and 110 non-pregnant women (control group). Participants were selected through a purposive sampling method from among volunteers who applied to the pregnancy clinic and hospital for various reasons. Data collection instruments included the Personal Information Form, the Occupational-Role Balance Questionnaire-11 Turkish Version (OBQ11-T), and the SF-12 Quality of Life Scale. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 20.0, employing t-tests, chi-square tests, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis to determine relationships between variables. Statistical significance was considered at p < 0.05. Results No statistically significant differences were found between the groups regarding age, education, employment, and income status. The mean OBQ11-T score was higher in the case group (28.77 +/- 6.54) than in the control group (26.30 +/- 6.43) (p = 0. 005). SF-12 Physical Component Summary (PCS) scores were significantly higher in the case group (53.95 +/- 9.34) compared to the control group (45.44 +/- 10.89) (p = 0.000), while the Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores showed no significant difference. A weak but positive correlation was identified between OBQ11-T and the PCS subdimension of SF-12 in both groups (case: r = 0.229, p = 0.016; control: r = 0.209, p = 0.028). Regression analysis revealed that OBQ11-T scores were a significant predictor of SF-12 PCS scores (beta = 0.229, R = 0.229; R-2 = 0.052; p = 0.016). Regression analysis indicated that occupational balance accounted for 5% of the variance in PCS scores. This finding reveals that as the level of occupational balance increases, participants' perceptions of quality of life related to physical health also increase slightly. Conclusion Women in both groups demonstrated above-average occupational balance scores, and a weak but positive relationship was observed between occupational balance and the physical component of quality of life. Therefore, it may be useful to develop strategies to protect and maintain occupational balance, especially in order to support quality of life related to physical health
BRICS ÜLKELERİ CDS PRİMLERİNİN TÜRKİYE CDS PRİMİ ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ
No full textThe spreads for credit default swaps (CDS) have been used since the 1990s as an indicator of the risk perception of a country by foreign investors. CDS spreads are an indicator of how foreign investors perceive an external shock or a shock due to a country's internal dynamics. Due to the cooperation and economic similarities between Türkiye and BRICS countries, the main objective of this study is to examine the impact of a shock in BRICS countries' CDS on Türkiye’s CDS values. In this sense, we analyze the long-term relationship between Türkiye's CDS value and the CDS spreads of BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa). In the model where Türkiye’s CDS spreads are the dependent variable and the CDS spreads of the other countries are explanatory variables, the long-run relationship is determined using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) test. According to the long-term coefficients of the ARDL bound test, an increase in the CDS spreads of Russia and South Africa increases the CDS spreads of Türkiye in the long term. Accordingly, a one percentage point increase in Russia's and South Africa's CDS spreads leads to a long-term increase in Türkiye's CDS values by approximately 0.018 and 1.034 percentage points, respectively. On the other hand, an increase or decrease in the CDS spreads of India, China and Brazil has no long-term impact on Türkiye’s CDS spreads.Kredi temerrüt takası (CDS) primleri yabancı yatırımcıların ilgili ülkeye ilişkin risk algılarının bir göstergesi olarak 1990’lı yıllardan itibaren kullanılmaktadır. CDS primleri herhangi bir dış şokun veya iç dinamiklerden kaynaklı bir şokun yabancı yatırımcı tarafından nasıl fiyatlandığının bir göstergesidir. Türkiye ile BRICS ülkeleri arasındaki iş birlikleri ve ekonomik benzerlikler nedeniyle bu ülke grubunun CDS primlerindeki bir şokun Türkiye’nin CDS değerleri üzerinde yaratacağı etki bu çalışmanın çıkış noktasıdır. Bu anlamda, Türkiye’nin CDS primleri ile BRICS (Brezilya, Rusya, Hindistan, Çin ve Güney Afrika) ülkelerinin CDS primleri arasındaki uzun dönem ilişki incelenmektedir. Türkiye’ye ait CDS primlerinin bağımlı değişken diğer ülkelere ait CDS değerlerini ise açıklayıcı değişken olduğu modelde uzun dönem ilişki ARDL (The Autoregressive Distributed Lag) sınır testi kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. ARDL sınır testinin uzun dönem katsayılarına göre Rusya ve Güney Afrika CDS primlerindeki bir artış uzun dönemde Türkiye’nin CDS primlerini arttırmaktadır. Söz konusu ilişki istatistiksel olarak anlamlı hesaplanmıştır. Buna göre Rusya ve Güney Afrika’ya ait CDS primlerinde meydana gelen bir puanlık bir artış sırasıyla uzun dönemde Türkiye’nin CDS değerleri üzerinde yaklaşık 0.018 ve 1.034 puanlık bir artışa neden olmaktadır. Öte yandan Hindistan, Çin ve Brezilya’nın CDS primlerindeki bir artış veya azalışının Türkiye’nin CDS primleri üzerinde uzun dönem etkisine sahip olmadığı tespit edilmiştir
Variable-Speed Hydropower Control and Ancillary Services: A Remedy for Enhancing Grid Stability and Flexibility
No full textVariable-Speed Hydropower Plants (VSHP) are becoming more promising for stabilising power grids with the increasing integration of renewable energy sources. This research focuses on improving fault ride-through capabilities and delivering efficient ancillary services for VSHPs to support the grid by developing a comprehensive control strategy. The control system proposed integrates a machine-side controller, a Frequency Support Controller (FSC), a Virtual Synchronous Machine (VSM), a Vector Current Controller (VCC) for the grid-side converter, a turbine governor for regulating turbine speed, and a DC-link controller. PID with an anti-windup scheme and a Model Predictive Controller (MPC) were employed for the turbine governor. The MPC turbine governor results demonstrate the potential of advanced control methods for enhanced performance of the VSHP. A benchmarking between the MPC and the PID governor was made. The benchmarking results have reported that the MPC can achieve reference tracking improvements up to 99.42%. Tests on a diverse set of grid scenarios were conducted, and the graphical results showed significant improvements in mitigating the frequency drops through the effective governor response. The synthetic inertia provision is swift, completing within seconds of a frequency drop. Compared to the fixed-speed approach, the VSHP improves the grid's overall stability by minimising frequency dipping and achieving steady-state recovery remarkably faster. The fixed-speed approach only begins to recover minutes after the VSHP reaches the settling time. By effectively providing critical ancillary services such as frequency support, synthetic inertia, and smooth fault ride-through capability, the VSHP can become a transformative solution for future power grids, which are estimated to be more reliant on renewable energy sources.European Union (Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme) [764011]; European UnionThis project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 764011
Forecasting Electricity Generation of a Geothermal Power Plant Using LSTM and GRU Networks
No full text7th IEEE Global Power, Energy and Communication Conference, GPECOM 2025 -- 11 June 2025 through 13 June 2025 -- Bochum -- 210233The growing concerns over environmental variations and the depletion of fossil fuel reserves have encouraged many countries to prioritise on renewable energy sources. Geothermal power provides a clean and consistent energy source which enhances the diversification of energy supply profiles. However, accurate forecasting of geothermal electricity generation remains a challenging task due to the complex and dynamic characteristics of underground heat reservoirs. This study utilises machine learning (ML)-based methods to forecast an hour-ahead energy generation of the Kizildere 3 Geothermal Power Plant (GPP) which holds the largest installed capacity in Türkiye. ML-based algorithms present a robust alternative to conventional numerical modelling approaches by capturing non-linear relationships and ascending accuracy of forecast. By employing historical operational data, long short-term memory (LSTM) and gated recurrent unit (GRU) networks are evaluated and compared in terms of prediction performance metrics such as coefficient of determination (R2) and normalised root mean squared error (nRMSE). The results highlight the potential of data-driven models in improving short-term geothermal energy forecasting which contributes to more efficient grid integration and operational planning. © 2025 IEEE