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Le rôle de la réputation sociétale de l’enseigne dans la construction du capital-marque par la communication sociétale : une approche par la théorie de l’attribution
No full textDe nombreuses enseignes communiquent sur leurs engagements sociétaux afin d’améliorer leur image auprès des consommateurs. Néanmoins, face à la profusion d’arguments plus ou moins fondés, l’efficacité de la communication sociétale peut être questionnée. Mobilisant la théorie de l’attribution, cette recherche examine l’impact de la réputation de l’entreprise sur la façon dont le consommateur réagit à la communication sociétale. Les résultats valident l’absence d’impact de la communication sociétale sur le capital-marque lorsqu’une enseigne pâtit d’une mauvaise réputation. En revanche, en cas de bonne réputation, les consommateurs infèrent des motivations internes dans la prise de parole de l’enseigne, ce qui influence la sincérité perçue de celle-ci et in fine, son capital-marque.Many retailers communicate about their societal engagements to improve their image. Yet, overwhelmed by these more or less well-founded societal claims, consumers get troubles to identify truly responsible retailers, making societal communication probably less efficient. Based upon the attribution theory, this research examines the role of independent information regarding the retailer’s societal reputation on consumers’ response to societal communication. Results show the absence of impact of societal communication on brand equity in case of bad reputation, as consumers infer less internal motivations for the retailer to communicate, therefore decreasing its perceived sincerity as well as its brand equity.ouinonouirechercheNationa
Preference Modelling
No full textThis paper provides the reader with a presentation of preference modelling fundamental notions aswell as some recent results in this field. Preference modelling is an inevitable step in a variety offields: economy, sociology, psychology, mathematical programming, even medicine, archaeology,and obviously decision analysis. Our notation and some basic definitions, such as those of binaryrelation, properties and ordered sets, are presented at the beginning of the paper. We start by discussing different reasons for constructing a model or preference. We then go through a number ofissues that influence the construction of preference models. Different formalisations besides classical logic such as fuzzy sets and non-classical logics become necessary. We then present differenttypes of preference structures reflecting the behavior of a decision-maker: classical, extended andvalued ones. It is relevant to have a numerical representation of preferences: functional representa-tions, value functions. The concepts of thresholds and minimal representation are also introducedin this section. In section 7, we briefly explore the concept of deontic logic (logic of preference)and other formalisms associated with "compact representation of preferences" introduced for special purposes. We end the paper with some concluding remarks.ouinonouirechercheInternationa
Analyse interactionnelle et didactique de séances de lecture en pédagogie classique et Freinet
No full textL'article propose une analyse discursive (d'inspiration conversationnelle) de deux séances de lecture au CP, l'une dans une école pratiquant une pédagogie "classique", l'autre pratiquant une pédagogie "Freinet". Un certain nombre de différences et de ressemblances sont mises en évidence et restent à confirmer sur des corpora plus importants.The article proposes a discursive analysis (from a conversational point of view) of two sessions of reading in the first year of primary school, the one in a school practising a "classic" pedagogy, the other one practising a "Freinet" pedagogy. Some differences and resemblances are revealed and remain to confirm on more important corpora.ouinonouirechercheNationa
Search for Compromise Solutions in Multiobjective State Space Graphs
No full textThe aim of this paper is to introduce and solve new search problems in multiobjective state space graphs. Although most of the studies concentrate on the determination of the entire set of Pareto optimal solution paths, the size of which can be, in worst case, exponential in the number of nodes, we consider here more specialized problems where the search is focused on Pareto solutions achieving a well-balanced compromise between the conflicting objectives. After introducing a formal definition of the compromise search problem, we discuss computational issues and the complexity of the problem. Then, we introduce two algorithms to find the best compromise solution-paths in a state space graph. Finally, we report various numerical tests showing that, as far as compromise search is concerned, both algorithms are very efficient (compared to MOA*) but they present contrasted advantages discussed in the conclusion.ouinonouirechercheInternationa
Risk aversion and rising wage inequality
No full textWe propose a model in which, as incomes grow, workers become less risk-averse and move from fixed-wagecontracts to variable pay. This can explain the recent increase in wage dispersion between groups, within groups,and over the lifecycle.ouinonouirechercheinternationa
The contribution of network research to managerial culture and practice
No full textAlthough research on social networks has gained significant influence in the academic world, several factors seem to have lowered its echo in the business world. It is still unclear how this fast-growing stream of research has translated into solid implications for managerial action and decision making. Based on a review of recent research, this paper attempts to provide evidence that network research does have practical relevance. We focus on five areas where network research has introduced new angles and renewed the understanding of how organizations should tackle management issues. We also suggest directions for future research, with the same objective of placing the emphasis on strengthening the contribution of the approach to management practicesouinonouirecherchenationa
Improving public spending efficiency in primary and secondary education
No full textInfluenced by the perceived link between higher levels of educational attainment and growth, the education sector has seen significant reform efforts in recent years in a number of countries. Public spending in this sector has increased on average by one-fifth in real terms over the past decade and growth in terms of spending per student has also been marked in many countries (Figure 1, upper panel); governments in the OECD area now spend on average around 3% of GDP on primary and secondary education. However, a close correspondence between the level of resources and educational outcomes is difficult to demonstrate empirically: cross-sectional evidence reveals only a weak correlation between national spending per student or teaching resources and mean pupil performance in standardised tests (Figure 1, lower panels). Extra resources devoted to education do not automatically lead to commensurate improvements in outcomes.ouinonouirechercheInternationa
Book Reviews (Spring 2012)
No full textThis note is made of a review of the R book by Matloff (2011) and of three Bayesian book reviews of Bolstad (2009), Christensen et al. (2010), and Nzoufras (2009) respectively.ouinonouirechercheInternationa
Critical Management Education as a Vehicle for Emancipation: Exploring the Philosophy of Jacques Rancière
No full textL’objectif de cet article est de contribuer à la réflexion sur la Critical Management Education (CME), en prenant appui sur la pensée de Jacques Rancière. La réflexion de ce philosophe permet en particulier d’échapper au dilemme qui habite la CME, puisqu’elle interroge très fondamentalement la posture d’autorité et d’expertise de l’enseignant critique, mais qu’elle rompt également avec l’illusion de la collaboration et du consensus avec les enseignés et les managers. En posant l’égalité comme supposition à actualiser, Rancière invite à rejeter l’appropriation que recèle un savoir d’expertise et l’assignation des places qu’il présuppose. Sur cette base, on peut alors reconfigurer l’espace du management et de la formation au management, comme lieu propice à l’irruption du dissensus, pour politiser ce qui était neutralisé, et faire entendre la voix de ceux qui ne comptent pas.This paper aims to contribute to the literature on Critical Management Education (CME) by drawing on the work of philosopher, Jacques Rancière, whose thinking provides a means of resolving the dilemma underlying CME. It raises fundamental questions regarding the position of authority and the expertise of the critical educator, while at the same time dispelling the illusion of collaboration and consensus with students and managers. By presenting equality as an assumption to be actualised, Rancière invites us to reject the appropriation harboured by expert knowledge and the assignation of positions that this implies. On this basis, we can restructure the place of management and management education as a fertile ground for the emergence of dissensus in order to politicise what was neutralised and to give voice to those who have no voice.ouinonouirechercheinternationa
