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3D-seismic interpretation of fluid flow systems and faulting in the Sørvestsnaget Basin and the Veslemøy High, SW Barents Sea
No full textFull text not availableThe southwestern Barents Sea encompasses a large part of the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS), expressing a complex geological history. The area is characterized by a series of rifting episodes from the Mesozoic and Paleozoic eras, along with more recent glacial impacts from the Late Cenozoic and the Quaternary period. The SW Barents Sea has experienced erosion and uplift, with large depocenters being created along the westernmost margin of the area. The complexity of the area has highly affected the fluid flow systems and is one of the major reasons that exploration activity in the SW Barents Sea has been limited until recently.
This study investigates the structural evolution and fluid flow characteristics in the Sørvestsnaget Basin and the Veslemøy High, where the basin development is closely linked to the opening of the Norwegian-Greenland Sea and reorganizing plate movement. These events caused extensive rifting, creating a large depocenter where deep-rooted and shallow faults were established. Through 3D seismic investigations, the study area exhibits a series of chimney structures, mud volcanoes, shallow gas anomalies, and faults related to fluid migration. Seismic interpretation reveals the presence of different fluid flow systems in the western and eastern parts of the study area, displaying different mechanisms controlling the fluid flow patterns. The western part of the study area seems to be controlled by the Plio-Pleistocene wedge in the Naust Fm., directing fluids towards the surface where they accumulate along the Near Base Naust surface below the Upper Regional Unconformity, and within the Quaternary sediments above. The presence of an apparent diagenetic transformation zone appears on the structural highs to the northwest in the Sørvestsnaget Basin and on the Veslemøy High in the east, where deep-rooted faults limit their extent into the Sørvestsnaget Basin. The fluid flow system in the eastern parts of the study area is suggested to be controlled by the diagenetic zone, guiding fluids towards the structural high.
The findings in this thesis imply complex settings where both lateral and vertical migration of fluids can be connected to different source rock intervals from both the Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic ages. The appearance of seafloor and paleo-depressions could strengthen the theory of severe fluid expulsion, and highlights the impact of glacial processes along the western margin of the SW Barents Sea
Nedgangen i omsorgsovertakelser - En kvalitativ studie om hva som påvirker barnevernsansattes beslutninger
Full text linkBakgrunn: Det har de siste årene vært betydelig nedgang i antall omsorgsovertakelser i Norge. Dette har vakt bekymring og skapt diskusjoner både i fagmiljøer og på et mer overordnet nivå. Det har blant annet blitt reist spørsmål om hvilken betydning dommene fra EMD har hatt på denne utviklingen. Studiens formål er å undersøke hvordan denne nedgangen oppleves fra et innsideperspektiv. Problemstilling: Hvilke forhold påvirker barnevernsansattes beslutninger med tanke på nedgangen i omsorgovertakelser? Teori: Studien belyses gjennom Munros perspektiv på usikkerhet og frykt for feil. Baumanns beslutningsmodell benyttes for å gi innsikt i hvilke faktorer som kan påvirke beslutningsterskelen. Videre blir Lipskys teori benyttet for å belyse hvordan skjønnsutøvelse og beslutninger formes i møte med organisatoriske og ytre forhold. Metode: Studien har et kvalitativt design. Det er gjennomført fem semistrukturerte intervjuer med ansatte i kommunal barneverntjenesten. Intervjuene er analysert gjennom Braun og Clarkes tematiske analysemetode. Funn: Studien viser at barnevernsansatte opplever at økt bruk av hjelpetiltak og samtaleprosess bidrar til å redusere antall omsorgovertakelser. Videre viser funnene at EMD-dommene, media, ledelse og mangel på fosterhjem kan påvirke beslutningen om å fremme sak om omsorgovertakelse. Konklusjon: Beslutningen om omsorgsovertakelse påvirkes av usikkerhet og frykt for feil, dette særlig i lys av dommene fra EMD og medias negative framstilling. Økt bruk av hjelpetiltak og samtaleprosess har bidratt til færre plasseringer, men kan også bidra til forsinkelse av nødvendig inngrep og dermed heve terskelen i enkelte saker. Mangel på fosterhjem, samt barnevernsledelsen rolle synes å begrense barnevernsansattes handlingsrom. Nøkkelord: Beslutningstaking, omsorgsovertakelser, barnevernBackground: In recent years, there has been significant decrease in number of care orders in Norway. This has caused concern and debate among practitioners and policymakers. Questions have been raised regarding the role of judgments from the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) in this development. The aim of this study is to explore how this decline is experienced from an insider perspective. Research question: Which factors influence child-welfare workers´ decisions in light of the decrease in number of care orders? Theory: The study draws on Munro`s perspective on uncertainty and fear of making mistakes. Baumann´s decision-making model will be used to find out how different factors may influence decision thresholds. Lipsky´s theory is also applied as an analytical framework to explore how discretion and decisions are shaped by organisational and external factors. Method: The study has a qualitative design, conducted through five individual interviews with child welfare workers. The interviews where analysed using Braun and Clarkes thematic analysis method. Findings: The study shows that child welfare workers experience that increased use of supportive measures and dialogue processes contributes to a reduction in the number of care orders. Furthermore, the findings indicate that court rulings, media coverage, leadership, and lack of foster homes can affect decisions about whether to initiate care orders. Conclusion: Decisions about care orders are influenced by uncertainty and fear of making mistakes, particularly in light of ECHR rulings and negative media portrayals. Increased use of supportive measures and dialogue processes has contributed to fewer placements, but also lead to delays in necessary interventions and raise the threshold in certain cases. A lack of foster homes, as well as the leadership´s role as gatekeepers, appears to limit the professional discretion of child welfares workers. Keywords: Decision-making, care orders, child welfar
2. bergkompani og frigjøringen av Finnmark: Ulike erfaringer, ulike fortellinger
Full text linkDenne masteroppgaven undersøker hvorfor fortellingen om 2. bergkompanis innsats under frigjøringen av Finnmark 1944-45 har vært preget av så ulike og til dels motstridende fortellinger. Som den eneste norske hærstyrken som deltok aktivt i landoperasjoner på norsk jord under andre verdenskrig, har kompaniet blitt både hyllet og kritisert i ettertid. Noen fortellinger vektlegger det militære bidraget og den symbolske betydningen for norsk suverenitet, mens andre peker på dårlig utstyr, krevende forhold og det anstrengte forholdet til lokalbefolkningen. Gjennom en sammenlignende analyse av sakprosabøker og soldatenes egne beretninger, og med teoretisk forankring i begreper som kollektive minner og grunnfortellinger, viser oppgaven hvordan ulike aktører og skiftende historiske kontekster har påvirket måten kompaniets innsats er blitt forstått og formidlet på. Masteroppgaven konkluderer med at fortellingen om 2. bergkompani i stor grad henger sammen med kollektive minner i utvikling, ulike formidlingsbehov og historiske forutsetninger som har gjort det vanskelig å skape en samlet fortelling. Historien om kompaniet er fortsatt preget av nyanser, gråsoner, spenninger og ulike stemmer – noe som både forklarer hvorfor fortellingen er omstridt, og hvorfor den fortsatt er viktig å undersøke. Dette er ikke bare en historie om militær innsats, men også en historie om hvem som blir hørt, hvordan fortiden formidles, og hva som regnes som verdt å huske.This master’s thesis examines why the story of 2. bergkompani’s role in the liberation of Finnmark in 1944–45 has been shaped by such diverse and, at times, conflicting narratives. As the only Norwegian army unit to take part in active ground operations on Norwegian soil during World War II, the company has been both celebrated and criticized in retrospect. Some accounts emphasize the military contribution and symbolic importance for Norwegian sovereignty, while others highlight poor equipment, harsh conditions, and a strained relationship with the local population. Through a comparative analysis of non-fiction literature and the soldiers’ own testimonies, and with theoretical grounding in concepts such as collective memory and foundational narratives, the thesis demonstrates how various actors and changing historical contexts have influenced how the company’s efforts have been understood and conveyed. The thesis concludes that the narrative of the 2. bergkompani is closely tied to evolving collective memories, differing communicative needs, and historical circumstances that have made it difficult to establish a unified account. The story remains marked by nuances, grey areas, tensions, and competing voices—helping to explain why it is still contested, and why it remains important to explore. This is not only a story of military action, but also a story about who gets heard, how the past is conveyed, and what is considered worth remembering
Deltar pasienter med alvorlig psykisk lidelse i screeningprogrammet for livmorhalskreft?
Full text linkBakgrunn: Pasienter med alvorlige psykiske lidelser har 10-20 år kortere levetid enn den generelle befolkningen. Somatiske sykdommer er hovedårsaken til tapte leveår, inkludert ulike kreftsykdommer. Kvinner med psykiske lidelser har økt forekomst av livmorhalskreft, og tidligere studier har vist at denne gruppen har redusert deltakelse i livmorhalsscreening. Formålet med oppgaven var å undersøke om pasienter med alvorlige psykisk lidelser deltar i screeningprogrammet mot livmorhalskreft.
Materiale og metode: Det ble gjennomført en systematisk litteraturomgang i databasene PubMed og PsycInfo ved hjelp av PICO. Tolv inkluderte artikler ble kvalitetsvurdert etter GRADE; tre hadde lav kvalitet, fire moderat og fire god kvalitet. Det ble ikke utført en metaanalyse av de inkluderte studiene, men resultatene ble sammenlignet ved hjelp av OR, RR, IRR og prosentandeler.
Resultater: Tolv enkeltstudier publisert mellom 2004 og 2024 ble inkludert. Studiene rapporterte redusert deltakelse i livmorhalsscreening blant kvinner med alvorlig psykisk lidelse, spesielt lav deltakelse blant kvinner med schizofreni. Funnene for gruppen med bipolar lidelse var mer usikre, noen studier rapporterte noe økt deltakelse, andre redusert deltakelse. Kvinner med bipolar lidelse har større sannsynlighet for å delta i livmorhalsscreening enn kvinner med schizofreni. Et sidefunn i oppgaven var at regelmessige fastlegekonsultasjoner og god kontinuitet i oppfølgningen kan øke deltakelsen i livmorhalsscreening.
Konklusjon: Kvinner med alvorlig psykisk lidelse deltar i mindre grad i livmorhalsscreening programmet enn befolkningen for øvrig, og deltakelsen er spesielt lav blant kvinner med schizofreni. Det er behov for mer forskning på hvordan screeningsraten i disse pasientgruppene kan forbedres.Background: Patients with severe mental disorders have a life expectancy that is 10–20 years shorter than the general population. Somatic diseases are the main cause of lost years of life, including various cancers. Women with mental disorders have an increased incidence of cervical cancer, and previous studies have shown that this group has reduced participation in cervical cancer screening. The aim of this thesis was to investigate whether patients with severe mental disorders participate in the cervical cancer screening program.
Materials and Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted in the PubMed and PsycInfo databases using the PICO framework. Twelve included articles were quality-assessed according to GRADE; three were of low quality, four of moderate quality, and four of high quality. No meta-analysis of the included studies was performed, but the results were compared using OR, RR, IRR, and percentages.
Results: Twelve individual studies published between 2004 and 2024 were included. The studies reported reduced participation in cervical cancer screening among women with severe mental disorders, with particularly low participation among women with schizophrenia. The findings for the group with bipolar disorder were more uncertain; some studies reported slightly increased participation, others reduced participation. Women with bipolar disorder are more likely to participate in cervical cancer screening than women with schizophrenia. An additional finding was that regular general practitioner consultations and good continuity in follow-up may increase participation in cervical cancer screening.
Conclusion: Women with severe mental disorders participate less in the cervical cancer screening program than the general population, with particularly low participation among women with schizophrenia. More research is needed on how screening rates in these patient groups can be improved
Survival and predation of Atlantic salmon smolts in anadromous watersheds with lakes: a case study from the Skienselva watershed
Full text linkAtlantic salmon (Salmo salar) exhibit marked niche shifts between spawning and juvenile recruitment in running freshwaters and growth in marine waters. These habitat shifts necessitate long migrations which may come at a substantial cost to the population. As smolts, Atlantic salmon migrate downstream, from freshwater rivers to salty ocean environment, transitioning between two very distinct aquatic ecosystems. This downstream migration is a critical life stage. In some watershed, this migration passes through lakes, transitional habitats where behaviour and survival strategies are not well studied. The preliminary studies based on limited sample sizes through small lakes suggest that migration through lakes can be prolonged and non-directional, potentially resulting in higher mortality rates. When coupled with typically higher predator diversity and density in such habitats, vulnerability to predation increase. A striking example of smolt mortality in lakes is the Lake Tange Sø where the mortality rate reached more than 90%, mainly driven by pike (Esox lucius) and bird predation. The present case study examined survival of Atlantic salmon smolt from upstream riverine recruitment areas, through two major lakes, L. Heddalsvatnet and L. Norsjø in the Skienselva river system in south-eastern Norway, before entering the sea. To assess the risk of predation by pike, stomach content analysis was performed on 14 pike samples during peak migration period. Results indicated nearly half had empty stomachs, while others contained fish remains, including one Atlantic salmon smolt Radio tagged smolt tracked through potential pike habitat in the lower rivers also indicated pike predation. These findings suggest that predation by resident piscivores may contribute to elevated smolt mortality during lake passage.
KEYWORDS: migration cost, Atlantic Salmon smolt, telemetry, predation, Pike
eU2U: Energy-efficient Wireless Charging and Trajectory Design for IoT Data Collection
Full text linkThanks to their high maneuverability, high flexibility, and low cost, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been widely used for data collection in the Internet of Things (IoT). To deal with UAV's onboard battery limitation, UAV-to-UAV (U2U) wireless charging mechanism emerges as a promising solution for extending flight distance and reducing mission completion time. However, U2U charging mechanisms encounter key challenges of limited wireless charging distance and energy loss. In this paper, we propose eU2U, a novel energy-efficient wireless charging and trajectory design approach for IoT data collection. We develop eU2U based on the distributed laser charging (DLC) system for its compact size and meter-level wireless power transmission. To minimize the total energy consumption, we build holistic power and energy consumption models for U2U-enabled data collection. With joint considerations on the wireless charging energy loss and delay constraint, we propose a heuristic algorithm to derive the most energy-efficient locations of the U2U charging points and the UAV trajectories, where the charging points are determined from the Fermat point and the battery drain point. Extensive evaluations show that eU2U can reduce the total energy consumption by 44.52% as compared to state-of-the-art schemes
Contextually determined or semantically distinct? The competition between instrumental, long form nominative and short form nominative in Russian predicate adjectives
Full text linkBased on data from the syntactic subcorpus of the Russian National Corpus, we undertake a
quantitative analysis of the competition between Russian predicate adjectives in the instru-
mental (e.g., pustym ‘empty’), the long form nominative (e.g., pustoj ‘empty’), and the short
form nominative (e.g., pust ‘empty’). It is argued that the choice of adjective form is partly
determined by the context. Four (nearly) categorical rules are proposed based on the follow-
ing contextual factors: the form of the copula verb, the presence/absence of a complement,
and the nature of the subject of the sentence. At the same time, a “space of competition”
is identified, where all three adjective forms are attested. It is hypothesized that within the
space of competition, the three forms are recruited to convey different meanings, and it is
argued that our analysis lends support to the traditional idea that the short form nominative is
closely related to verbs. Our findings are furthermore compatible with the idea that the short
form nominative expresses temporary states, rather than inherent permanent characteristics
Reconstructing the historical decline of lichen cover across the reindeer fence of the Finnish–Norwegian border
Full text linkWe analysed the history behind the current contrasting lichen covers of two adjacent reindeer herding districts at the Finnish–Norwegian border. We conducted vegetation field inventories across the border fence and reconstructed a lichen cover history from 1959 to 2020 using aerial and satellite images. The oldest images showed only a slight difference in lichen cover between the different sides of the border fence. Since the late 1950s, lichen cover has decreased in both districts. At present, lichen biomass is approximately three times greater in in the Norwegian winter pasture than in the Finnish herding district, which has less strictly defined seasonal pastures. A lichen biomass model indicated that lichen intake by reindeer cannot explain the decline in lichen biomass in either of the districts. We suggest that the lichen decline is mainly due to trampling and foraging-induced loss, while other unknown ecological and climatological factors may also be involved
Secondary use of health records for prediction, detection, and treatment planning in the clinical decision support system: a systematic review
Full text linkBackground - This study aims to understand how secondary use of health records can be done for prediction, detection, treatment recommendations, and related tasks in clinical decision support systems.
Methods - Articles mentioning the secondary use of EHRs for clinical utility, specifically in prediction, detection, treatment recommendations, and related tasks in decision support were reviewed. We extracted study details, methods, tools, technologies, utility, and performance.
Results - We found that secondary uses of EHRs are primarily retrospective, mostly conducted using records from hospital EHRs, EHR data networks, and warehouses. EHRs vary in type and quality, making it critical to ensure their completeness and quality for clinical utility. Widely used methods include machine learning, statistics, simulation, and analytics. Secondary use of health records can be applied in any area of medicine. The selection of data, cohorts, tools, technology, and methods depends on the specific clinical utility.
Conclusion - The process for secondary use of health records should include three key steps: 1. Validation of the quality of EHRs, 2. Use of methods, tools, and technologies with proactive training, and 3. Multidimensional assessment of the results and their usefulness
Scientific report from the Norwegian and Russian Barents Sea ecosystem surveys in August-October 2024 (BESS)
Full text linkSource at https://www.hi.no/en.The aim of the national Norwegian/Russian ecosystem surveys in the Barents Sea and adjacent waters, August- October (BESS) is to monitor the status and changes in the Barents Sea ecosystem and provide data to support
scientific research and manager advice. The survey has since 2004 been conducted annually in the autumn, as a
collaboration between the Institute of Marine Research (IMR) in Norway and the Polar branch of the VNIRO(PINRO) in Russia. The general surveys plan and tasks were agreed upon at the annual IMR-VNIRO/PINROMeeting 12-14 March 2024. Ship routes and other technical details are agreed on by correspondence between the
survey coordinators. BESS aims at covering the entire Barents Sea. Each party carries out research in its own
sector of the sea but uses the same methodology.
Ecosystem stations are distributed in a 35×35 nautical mile regular grid, and the ship tracks follow this design. In the
area around Svalbard/Spitsbergen, some additional bottom trawl hauls for demersal fish survey indices estimation. Additional pelagic trawls were done in the main capelin distribution areas for identification of acoustic records. The
research carried out from 17.08-12.10 by the Russian R/V “Vilnyus” and Norwegian R/Vs Kronprins Haakon” G.O. Sars” and Johan Hjort”.
This report summarising results of the observations that are available at the time of publication. Further data will be
published later in the next reports. From 2026, the report series will be named «IMR/Polar Branch of VINRO Joint
Report Series»