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The Reliability and Validity of Intellectual Disability Health Assessment Form
No full text[[abstract]]背景：心智障礙者高齡化的情況於身心障礙福利機構日趨普遍，身心障礙者老化年齡及平均餘命較一般民眾低，若機構無法因應服務對象高齡化後服務需求的改變，將影響心智障礙者健康福祉。目前全台心智障礙者特殊照顧機構缺乏具有信效度之心智障礙者老化評估量表，本研究將針對瑪利亞社會福利基金會所近期研發之心智障礙者健康檢視表，進行信效度分析，做為未來機構評估心智障礙者老化狀況之標準化參考依據。方法：本研究徵詢5位專家意見，完成心智障礙者健康檢視表內容適切性專家效度；以瑪利亞社會福利基金會內30位心智障礙者健康檢視表測試結果進行Cronbach's alpha分析檢視評量表信度數值。結果：本量表六大面向的信度/效度分別為:生理健康0.74/0.98、身體機能0.95/0.96、認知與知覺0.88/0.97、日常生活能力0.97/0.91、社交參與0.91/0.90、情緒與行為0.88/0.96。總量表信度為0.96。結論：心智障礙健康檢視表具備良好的信效度，未來機構可將此量表做為評估心智障礙者老化狀況的有力工具，並依照評估結果，適時給予適當的照顧，保障服務對象的健康福祉[[abstract]]Background: The increasing aging population of individuals with intellectual disability is prevalent in Special Care Centers. Their aging age and life expectancy is earlier than normal people. Special Care Centers lacks the service to meet the need of the aging population of intellectual disabilities will affect their well-being. At present, Taiwan Special Care Centers lacks an assessment tool with good reliability and validity. This study will conduct the reliability and validity tests of Intellectual Disability Health Assessment Form designed by Maria Social Welfare Foundation.Methods: We invited 5 experts to conduct the content validity evaluation and enrolled 30 individuals with intellectual disability to conduct the Cronbach’s alpha reliability test of the assessment form.Results: The reliability and validity of the six domains in assessment form are: physical health (0.74/0.98), physical function (0.95/0.96), cognitive and perception (0.88/0.97), activities of daily (0.97/0.91), social participant (0.91/0.90), emotion and behavior (0.88/0.96). The reliability of the assessment form is 0.96.Conclusion: Intellectual Disability Health Assessment Form possesses high reliability and validity. Special Care Centers can use it to assess the aging status of individuals with intellectual disability and provides proper care based on assessment outcomes to protect their well-being
A Comparison of Medical Care Quality and Medical Resources Utilization between Traditional and Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery: an Example from a Regional Teaching Hospital in Central Taiwan
No full text[[abstract]]背景：脊椎病變已是全民健康保險醫療費用支出前二十大疾病之一，了解傳統脊椎手術及微創性脊椎手術的醫療品質與醫療資源耗用，找出其關聯性為何，是值得探討的問題。研究目的：探討接受「傳統」脊椎手術與「微創」脊椎手術的患者，其人口學特徵、醫療品質與醫療資源耗用之差異性，及醫療品質與醫療資源耗用之關聯性。 研究方法：本研究係回溯性收集中部地區某教學醫院於2018年1月至2019年12月二年間因脊椎疾患進行傳統脊椎手術或微創脊椎手術之病患之病歷資料、醫療費用及健保申報資料等資料，包括脊椎手術類型、手術中失血量、有無併發症產生、住院天數等醫療耗用情形。所使用的統計方法則包括人數、百分比、平均值、標準差、卡方檢定、獨立樣本t檢定、皮爾森相關及迴歸分析。結果：脊椎手術以女性患者及年齡大於64歲以上者為多；微創脊椎手術的病患在醫療品質之術中失血量、術中輸血、術後併發症、手術時間及麻醉時間皆較少，在醫療資源耗用中之住院天數、住院醫療成本及健保申報點數亦較低；兩者不同之之脊椎手術其失血量、術後併發症與住院天數及健保申報點數具關聯性。 結論：微創脊椎手術在醫療品質中之失血量、術中輸血、術後併發症、手術時間及麻醉時間皆較少，同時在醫療資源耗用中之住院天數、住院醫療成本及健保申報金額皆較低，若經濟能力許可或有其他商業保險可支付自費費用之病患，建議優先選擇微創脊椎手術。[[abstract]]Background: Spine lesions have been included in the top 20 diseases with the largest expenditure of the medical expenses paid by the National Health Insurance. It is worth to understand the medical care quality and medical resource utilization in traditional and minimally invasive spinal surgeries.Research purposes: To explore the differences in the demographics, medical care quality, and medical resources utilization, and the correlation between medical care quality and medical resources utilization between patients undergone traditional spinal surgery and minimally invasive spinal surgery. Research methods: This study retrospectively collected data on medical records, medical costs, and NHI payment fees of patients who underwent traditional or minimally invasive spine surgery due to spinal disorders in a regional teaching hospital in Central Taiwan from January 2018 to December 2019. Data included the type of spinal surgery, blood loss during the operation, the occurrence of complications, and the number of days of hospitalization. Statistical methods used in this study included number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, the chi-square test, independent two-sample t test, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis. Results: Female patients and those older than 64 years old were the majority in the studied patients undergone spine surgeries. Patients that received minimally invasive spine surgery had less intra-operative blood loss, intra-operative blood transfusion, postoperative complications, operation and anesthesia time in terms of medical care quality. They also had lower hospitalization days, hospitalization costs, and health insurance declaration points in terms of medical resources utilization. There were close relationships between blood loss, postoperative complications, and hospitalization days and health insurance declaration points for patients undergone the two different spinal surgeries.Conclusion: Minimally invasive spine surgery has less blood loss, intra-operative blood transfusion, postoperative complications, operation and anesthesia time in the quality of medical treatment. At the same time, the hospitalization days, hospitalization costs, and health insurance declaration amount in the medical resources utilization are all lower. If the medical expense is affordable for patients or if they have commercial insurance, they should consider the minimally invasive spine surgery to be the priority
[[alternative]]A Study on the Relevance of Overseas Travel Motivation, Travel Constraints, and Travel Preferences for the Elderly
No full text[[abstract]]國內外目前對於銀髮族旅遊之相關研究，大部分著重於休閒活動對休閒阻礙以及休閒動機對於休閒滿意度之相關研究，然而有關銀髮族海外旅遊動機、旅遊阻礙與旅遊偏好研究甚少，本研究希望藉以探討銀髮族海外旅遊動機、旅遊阻礙與旅遊偏好各層面的議題，來彌補先前研究不足的缺口。本研究主要研究對象為中部銀髮族50歲以上之人口族群，有效問卷245份，有效問卷回收率98%。本研究以SPSS25進行統計分析，主要的分析方法有敘述性統計分析、因素分析、信度分析、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析，最後本研究結果顯示，旅遊動機對旅遊阻礙與旅遊偏好有顯著正向相關；旅遊阻礙對旅遊偏好有顯著正向相關。本研究結果可提供觀光、旅遊業者改善經營管理策略，以銀髮族旅遊為重，設計出使銀髮族更好的觀光服務品質與旅遊計畫之參考。[[abstract]]At present, domestic and foreign researches on the tourism of the senior mostly focus on the relationship between leisure activities and leisure obstacles, leisure motivation and leisure satisfaction. However, there are very few researches focus on the motives,obstacles and preferences for overseas travel of senior. This study hoped to exploring the various aspects of the overseas travel of senior, motives,obstacles, travel obstacles and travel preferences to fill the gap in the previous researches.The main research object of this study is the middle-aged senior over 50 years old. There are 245 valid questionnaires, and the effective questionnaire response rate is 98%. This study uses SPSS25 for statistical analysis. The main analysis methods include narrative statistical analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, independent sample t test, and single factor variance analysis. Finally, the results of this research show that tourism motivations have a significant positive correlation with travel hindrance and tourism preferences; tourism obstacles have a significant positive correlation with tourism preferences. The results of this study can provide tourism industry to improve their management strategies, focusing on the tourism of the senior, and design a better reference for senior to improve tourism service quality and tourism plans
Organization and Management of Featured Bazaar : Community management of "Always Playing Art Bazaar
No full text[[abstract]]市集自古以來就是地方生活的重要內涵與休閒樂趣。當代觀光發展，更成為一種重要遊程項目與經濟活動。但全球化觀光風行，也產生各地方市集「同質化」的現象。如何組織形成一個有特色的市集，並做好組織管理，影響市集本身與地方發展甚鉅。本研究以霧峰舊教育廳歷史建築正在推展的「老玩藝握手市集」之組織管理做為標的，透過參與觀察與深度訪談，探討特色市集的組織形成、攤商社群管理以及組織管理模式。研究目的有二：為霧峰舊教育廳創造特色市集並做好組織管理；探索地方特色市集組織管理之適切模式。研究發現，特色市集的形成必須具備定位、場域、攤商、活動、文化與管理等六項要件。然而，在市集社群組織發展的過程，經常會存在「無利可圖」、「無拘無束」、「質感參差」與「認同阻礙」等困難阻礙。本研究從訪談中歸納數項特色市集社群之經營策略，包括品牌認同策略、組織制度策略、社群文化策略與職涯發展策略。並由此特色市集之六項組成要件與四項社群經營策略共同形成一個營運模式。[[abstract]]The bazaar has been an important connotation and leisure fun of local life since ancient times. The development of contemporary tourism has become an important itinerary and economic activity. However, the globalization of tourism is popular, and the phenomenon of "homogenization" of local methods has also arisen. How to organize and form a featured bazaar and its organization and management have greatly affected the development of the bazaar itself and the place. In this research, we regards the organization and management of the "Always Playing Art Bazaar" being promoted by the historic buildings of the Education Department as the target, and discuss the organization formation, vendor community management, and organization management model of the featured bazaar. The purpose of the research is twofold: to create a featured bazaar and do a good job of organization and management for the Wufeng Old Education Department; to explore the appropriate mode of organization and management of the local featured bazaar. The study found that the formation of a characteristic bazaar must have six requirements: positioning, venues, vendors, activities, culture and management. However, in the development process of bazaar community organizations, there are often difficult obstacles such as "unprofitable," "unfettered," "varied texture," and "identity hindrance." This research summarizes the several organizational strategies of featured bazaar communities from interviews, including brand recognition strategies, organizational system strategies, community culture strategies, and career development strategies. And from this, the six components of the featured bazaar and the four community business strategies jointly form an operating model
Planning and Implementation of Agricultural Aesthetics and Leisure Experience
No full text[[abstract]]農業曾是被輕忽的傳統產業，年輕人力外流、人口老化，導致農業人力發生斷層，城鄉發展失衡等問題，嚴重影響農業的永續發展。近幾年政府積極推動「地方創生」，輔導青年洄游，鼓勵支持農村轉型。這當中朝向休閒農業的鄉村旅遊一直是重要轉型的方向，近年來，休閒體驗創新形式也開始被探索實踐。本研究即要進一步探討美學融入農村農業的各種潛在價值創新。研究動機旨在藉由參與霧峰正熱烈推動的「新健康農業之旅」，行動研究結合鄉村旅遊與休閒農業的價值創新試驗。研究目的包括：探索開發農業新價值、規劃開發休閒體驗新活動以及促進農業休閒效益。主要研究發問是：農耕美學休閒體驗之感動要素？農耕美學休閒體驗之活動規畫？農耕美學之休閒效益？本次研究發現，融入農耕美學的休閒體驗更四種感動要素包含：「農田地景」、「植栽設計」、「社群關係」、「?共藝術」；本研究透過「共創」、「共耕」、「共食」、「共學」、「同樂」之體驗活動規劃與執行，總結可獲致「勞動樂趣」、「另類美感」、「療癒淨化」、「食農學習」與「怡情養性」等休閒效益。[[abstract]]Agriculture was once a traditional industry that was neglected. The outflow ofyoung people and the aging of the population have led to faults in agriculturalmanpower and imbalances in urban and rural development, which have seriouslyaffected the sustainable development of agriculture. In recent years, the governmenthas actively promoted “local creation”, guided youth migration, and encouraged andsupported rural transformation. Among these, rural tourism towards leisure agriculturehas always been an important direction of transformation. In recent years, innovativeforms of education and leisure experience for food farmers have also begun to beexplored and practiced.This research is to further explore the various potential value innovations ofintegrating aesthetics into rural agriculture. The motivation of the research is toparticipate in the “New Healthy Agriculture Journey” which is being activelypromoted by Wufeng, and to combine the value innovation experiment of ruraltourism and leisure agriculture with action research. The research objectives include:exploring and developing new agricultural values, planning and developing newleisure experience activities, and promoting agricultural leisure benefits. The mainresearch question is: What is the moving element of the aesthetic leisure experience offarming? Activity planning for farming aesthetics and leisure experience? The leisurebenefits of farming aesthetics?This study found that there are four moving elements in the leisure experienceintegrated into farming aesthetics: “farmland landscape”, “planting design”,“community relations”, and “public art”. By planning and executing of experienceactivities such as farming together, eating together, learning together, and having funVtogether, it can lead to leisure benefits such as “fun of labor”, “alternative beauty”,“healing and purification”, “learning for food and farmers” and “satisfaction andnourishment”
Application of Tabletop Games in the Preschool Sensory Integration Course Design: An Example of Emphasis on Visual Elements
No full text[[abstract]]本研究主旨為透過文獻探討與課程設計，欲探究「桌遊」融入「學齡前幼兒感覺統合」之課程設計，並以視覺類為例使其課程更加豐富且具清楚架構。本研究之目的為：(一)設計「桌遊」應用學齡前「感覺統合」課程之教案設計。(二)探討「桌遊」應用學齡前「感覺統合」的之課程教案實施。 本研究採質性取向的行動研究法(Action Research)為主，研究方法擬定了研究方向和目標後，隨即開始進行相關文獻的收集和統整，經由蒐集的相關文獻探討桌遊應用於學齡前幼兒感覺統合的影響，並將文獻統整及分析，研究對象為研究者任教之中部某私立幼教集團中的7位幼兒為研究對象，課程總共準備了7個桌遊並設計了7個教案，進行第一次前測讓4位幼兒進行測試，第二次測試針對需修改的教案請3位幼兒進行測試，每堂課30分鐘，並且研究的7樣桌遊與視知覺的7項功能（視覺區辨、視覺記憶空間關係、形狀恆常、序列記憶、背景圖形、視覺完形）進行分析，發現每樣桌遊對幼兒視知覺發展都有一定的效益。 教師在教學的過程中進行幼兒的學習反應和視知覺的觀察與紀錄。並以觀察回饋單進行教學者的觀察及建議書面記錄，以教學者、觀察者、家長等方向進行資料相互交叉比較，探討幼兒學習桌遊和視知覺認知之歷程與結果。[[abstract]]In this study, literature review was conducted to integrate tabletop games in the preschool sensory integration course design, in which visual elements were emphasized to enrich its contents and clarify its structure. The goals were to design a preschool sensory integration course incorporating tabletop games and explore the practicing of its teaching plan. After the goals and direction of this qualitative action research were formulated, literature was collected, organized, and analyzed to examine the effect of tabletop games on preschool children’s sensory integration. The participants were 7 preschool children in a private kindergarten in central Taiwan, in which the author teaches. Seven tabletop games were prepared in 7 teaching plans. The first pretest was administered for 4 of the participants, and the second was conducted on 3 participants in regards with the teaching plans that required revision. Each session lasted for 30 min. An analysis revealed that all the 7 tabletop games benefitted considerably the 7 functions regarding the participants’ visual perception, namely visual recognition, visual memory, spatial relationships, shape constancy, sequential memory, background graphics, and visual gestalt. The learning responses and visual perception of the preschool children were observed and recorded. The teacher’s observations and suggestions were recorded using an observation feedback form. The data were cross-compared from the perspectives of the teachers, observers, and parents to analyze the processes and results of children’s visual perception through tabletop games
Exploring the Relationship Between Massage, Workplace Pressure and Leisure
No full text[[abstract]]二十世紀初日本人將按摩引進台灣，作為視障者的職業教育至今，已百餘年，從按摩師吹笛子在街上招攬生意，到現在大街小巷都可看到各種不同形式的按摩店，顯然按摩已成為國人生活中不可切割的一部分。按摩是以徒手在人體體表施作輕擦、揉捏、按壓及扣打等各種手法，透過對皮膚、肌肉、神經及穴位等，施以各種不同程度及種類的刺激，來達到舒緩肌肉緊張、促進循環、緩解疼痛、消除疲勞及調節人體各系統的機能，達到預防疾病及保健的效果。按摩手法眾多，且難度很高，需要經過長時間的學習，才能達到技術純熟的程度。本研究透過文獻蒐集、分析及整理，探討台灣按摩的緣起；各種按摩手法的種類、操作方法、作用；按摩在臨床上的運用，如何舒緩各種職場壓力所造成的症狀，如：頭痛、睡眠障礙以及眼睛疲勞等。按摩除了能舒緩工作壓力所造成的不適症狀外，同時也在我們生活休閒中，扮演著重要的角色。本研究的主要目的，為能提供按摩喜好者，專業的按摩知識與理論，讓他們更深入了解按摩。從科學及醫學的角度來認識按摩，讓這種能紓壓又具有休閒作用的活動，推廣給更多民眾[[abstract]]The Japanese introduced massage to Taiwan in the early twentieth century. Massage has been used as a vocational training for the visually impaired for over a century . From masseurs playing the flute to solicit business on the street, today you can see various massage shops in various forms on the streets. It is clear that massage has become an inseparable part of the lives of Taiwanese. Massage is a skill appling various techniques such as rubbing, kneading, pressing and squeezing on the surface of the human body using hands. Various levels and types of stimulation are applied to the skin, muscles, nerves and acupuncture points to relieve muscle tension, promote circulation, relieve pain, eliminate fatigue and regulate the functions of various systems of the human body. To achieve the effects of disease prevention and health care, there are many massage techniques which are difficult. It takes a long time to learn to reach the level of technical proficiency.This research explores the origin of massage in Taiwan through literature review, and analysis. It then goes on to discuss types, methods, and effects of different massage techniques, clinical application of massage, and how to relieve symptoms caused by workplace stresses, such as headaches and sleep disturbances, as well as eye fatigue and so on. In addition, relieving the uncomfortable symptoms caused by work pressure, massage also plays an important role in our life and leisure. Various leisure and vacation institutions such as famous hotels and resorts all over the country usually have massage and stress relief centers to provide travelers with massage and stress relief services, which are quite popular among travelers.The main purpose of this research is to provide massage fans with professional massage knowledge and theory, so that they can have a deeper understanding of massage. To understand massage from a scientific and medical point of view, this kind of stress-relieving and relaxing activity can be promoted to more people
Leisure Benefits and Experiential Value to Hiking—An Example of Dakeng Trails
No full text[[abstract]]大坑登山健行活動普遍受到大眾歡迎，台中市政府特別重視大坑風景區之旅遊品質，故本研究著手探討大坑登山健行者之休閒效益與體驗價值，以大坑步道登山參與者為調查對象，其計發放356份問卷，無效問卷共38份，有效問卷共318份，有效回收率為89%。資料採用描述性統計、獨立樣本ｔ檢定、單因子變異數分析及Bonferroni事後比較法、Pearson積差相關分析等進行資料分析。本研究結果顯示，受訪者以女性及已婚者為多，年齡以31-40歲與41-50歲為最主，教育程度為大學最多，職業為工商業為多數，同行者以家人為主，參與次數以每月1次為最多。大坑登山健行者之休閒效益以「生理效益」為主，其中以可以增加心肺功能為主要效益。在體驗價值上以「投資報酬率」為主，其中以大坑步道讓我付出的體力很值得為主要價值。不同職業、教育程度、同行者、登山次數之大坑參與者在「休閒效益」構面達顯著差異。不同職業、同行者之大坑參與者在「體驗價值」構面達顯著差異。大坑登山健行者之休閒效益與體驗價值二者間具有顯著正相關。本研究建議台中市政府可規劃適合夜間登山路線，對於年青人、怕白天曝曬或喜愛夜景者也能夠登山健行，達到放鬆身心，鍛鍊身體休閒活動之新選擇。對於後續研究者可納入「不同時段」與「不同路線」變數來分析是否具有差異性。[[abstract]]Dakeng mountain hiking activities are generally favored by the public, and the Taichung City Government particularly values the tourism quality of the Dakeng scenic area. The present study explored the leisure benefits and experiential value of Dakeng to hikers. The research targets were participating hikers along Dakeng trails. We distributed 356 questionnaire copies with a valid return rate of 89% (i.e., 318 valid and 38 invalid responses). The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent samples t test, one-way analysis of variance, Bonferroni post-hoc test, and Pearson product-moment correlation analysis.The results showed that most of the participants were married women and those aged 31–40 and 41–50 years. The highest number of participants had a bachelor’s degree. Most participants worked in an industrial or business sector. Those who accompanied the participants hiking along the Dakeng trails were mainly their family members. The highest number of participants hiked along the Dakeng trails once a month. The leisure benefits to the participating hikers along the Dakeng trails were mainly physiological benefits, particularly the benefits to their cardiopulmonary functions. The experiential value to the hikers was mainly returns on investment. Particularly, the hikers considered that the Dakeng trails were worthy of their invested stamina. Significant differences were observed among hikers with various occupations, education levels, companions, and frequencies of hiking regarding leisure benefits. In addition, significant differences were observed among higher with various occupations and companions regarding experiential value. For the participating hikers, their leisure benefits were significantly positively correlated with their experiential value.This study suggested that the Taichung City Government design a hiking route for night-time hikers; therefore, young people and those who dislike exposure to the sun during daytime or enjoy a night view can hike along the route for relaxation or exercise. Future research can include variables such as different time periods and different routes to determine whether they yield different outcomes
The action research of the design in children health keeping curriculum- Taking martial arts in elementary school for example
No full text[[abstract]]本研究透過行動研究法，探究國小四年級學童參與民俗體育類之武術養身課程的觀察心得。以品德教育融入課程設計，瞭解武術影響學童之生活習慣、思考能力及人際溝通情形。研究者於南投縣某國小體育課中，以武術螳螂拳之基本六路結合建康與體育素養導向教學，作為18週每週一節40分鐘的活動課程設計。在第七週至十八週每週2~3次的午餐時段加入15分鐘觀賞「少林英雄」武術實鏡秀，與22位學童共同賞析及探討，了解武德精神乃是學會尊重生命、自我約束及擔負責任的品德教育。以此三面項的品德教育議題融入武術養身課程，觀察學童參與課程前、中、後的行為改變。收集期初學童訪談資料，施行第二階段的教學，透過教學日誌的記錄，歸納出覺察層面、知識層面、行動層面和省思層面的結果，進行行動教學的檢討與省思，做適當的調整後，評估執行的可行性，進入第三階段的行動教學。期末收集家長、協助觀察教師、學童期末訪談資料及學童作文，搭配第三階段的教學日誌，做後續的省思與檢討。本研究結論與發現如下：一、推動武術養身課程，每週一節次可調整天次及學習時間，能夠精進學生品德及人際關係素養。二、學童參與武術養身課程的學習，於「尊重生命」、「自我約束」及「擔負責任」的行為改變，有顯著的提升。三、學童參與武術養身課程後，改變了生活習慣，較能夠維護環境；身體變強壯、體力變好。四、學童樂於學習，學習動機增加，上課參與度高。五、家長與教師肯定武術帶給學童品德的提升，支持課程的延續。[[abstract]]The purpose of this study was to investigate how the folk sports and other martial arts fitness courses affect the fourth-grade students’ motivation and behavior. This study was conducted in action research. The course was designed to integrate moral education into Chinese martial arts teaching curriculum and to understand the impact on students’ lifestyle habits, thinking ability and interpersonal communication through the study. In a physical education class at a primary school in Nantou County, the researchers designed a 40-minute activity course each week for 18 weeks, using the basic six-way combination of martial arts mantis fisting to combine Jiankang and physical education-oriented teaching. Join the 15-minute "Hero Shaolin Hero" martial arts mirror show at lunchtime 2 - 3 times a week from week 7-18, and share with 22 students' to explore and understand that the spirit of Wude was to learn to life respect, self-discipline, and responsibility for moral education. This three-pronged moral education topic was integrated into martial arts fitness courses to observe behavior changes before, during and after children participate in the curriculum. Collect interview materials for primary student’s, implement the second stage of teaching, summarize the results of awareness level, knowledge level and action level through the records of teaching log, conduct the review and reflection of action teaching, make appropriate adjustments, assess the feasibility of implementation, and enter the third stage of action teaching. Final collection of parents, to assist in the observation of teachers, school children final interview materials and school children composition, with the third stage of teaching logs, to do follow-up thinking and review.The findings and findings of this study are as follows:1. Teachers can cultivate students’ character, morality, and interpersonal relationship by promoting Chinese martial arts curriculum. The curriculum can be flexible arranged by the time of learning.2. Students' attitudes toward life respect, self-discipline, and responsibility were increased apparently in terms of the Chinese martial arts curriculum.3. Students' have improved their lifestyle habits and become stronger after participating in Chinese martial arts curriculum.4. Students’ are willing to learn, learning motivation increases, high participation in classes.5. Parents and teachers acknowledge the moral advancement that martial arts brings to schoolchildren and support the continuation of the curriculum
Developing Experience Services for Leisure Farms - An Example of Wen Shan Leisure Farm
No full text[[abstract]]台灣許多休閒農場大多是由傳統農場轉型而成，並由農民進行經營管理，但卻因為缺乏管理與行銷的專業、高度的市場競爭以及體驗活動同質性高，使得休閒農場經營越來越困難，但還是有許多休閒農場能夠依據自身所具備特色進行多元化的發展，並推出獨特的體驗活動吸引遊客前來遊玩，因此探討休閒農場運用核心資源與特色，提供多元且創新的體驗活動之發展歷程，以及探討休閒農場落實體驗經濟觀點的策略和方法，以帶給遊客能更佳旅遊體驗就成為本研究主要研究目的。本研究將以文山休閒農場資深經理為訪談對象，藉此了解文山休閒農場的核心資源與特色，再進一步從經濟體驗的角度，探索文山休閒農場想透過體驗活動項目帶給遊客怎樣的體驗價值，並進一步分析文山休閒農場制訂體驗活動項目的策略與方法，使其滿足遊客的需求以及對體驗活動的期望。本研究結果發現：(1)豐富的竹子為文山休閒農場的核心資源，而傳統農村體驗活動則是文山休閒農場的主要特色。(2) 從娛樂、教育、跳脫現實、美感的角度進行體驗活動設計和園區規劃，進而達到滿足遊客體驗傳統農村生活的目標。(3)從遊客的角度去改善活動體驗，並增加活動體驗的互動性是制定及規劃活動體驗最重要項目。[[abstract]]In Taiwan, many leisure farms were transformed by traditional farms, and they still were operated and managed by farmers. Unfortunately, the deficiencies of professional management and marketing, the high competitiveness of market and high homogeneity of experiential activity made leisure farms difficult operating. Albeit the difficulties would be inevitable, may leisure farms still could promote their peculiar experiential activities as well as diversified characteristic developments to appeal to potential tourists. The study hence to discuss how leisure farms deliver and develop diversified and innovative experiential activities through their core resources and characteristics as well as how they implement the strategies and the approaches of experience economies to bring better tour experiences to tourists. By interviewing senior manager of Wen Shan Leisure Farm, the core of resource and characteristics of Wen Shan Leisure Farm were the bases to understand the strategies of experience economies, and through the comprehension of those strategies, the establishments of experiential activities of Wen Shan Leisure Farm could reflect the needs and the anticipations of tourist to the activities. The results thus shown that the bamboo forest was the core resource and the traditional rural experience activities were major characteristics. Furthermore, the experiential activities were designed by recreational and educational views to reach the goal of environmental protection. At last, the most important item of acting and planning activity experience was to increase the mechanism of interactivity through the perspectives of tourist