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[[alternative]]Causality of Circular Supply Chain Management in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises using Qualitative Information: An approach from Waste Management Practices
No full text[[abstract]]該研究在質性基於數據的合理等級循環供應鏈管理 (CSCM) 和固體廢物管理 (SWM) 屬性集的開發中發揮了作用。 CSCM 是實現經濟和環境可持續性並解決廢物問題的有效的的方法。然而，固體廢物問題既費錢又費時，特別是對於中小型企業 (SME) 而言。中小企業需要製定強有力的戰略來克服實施廢物管理實踐的挑戰。因此，本研究旨在調查 CSC 和 SWM 之間具有相互關係的屬性，並了解提供實際改進的最有效標準。模糊德爾菲法 (FDM) 在本次調查中用於提出有效的屬性集。在本研究中使用模糊決策試驗和評估實驗室方法 (FDEMATEL) 旨在提出 CSC 和 SWM 特徵並在因果模型中開發語言偏好，同時管理歧義。結果顯示 CSCM 實施中的層次結構有利於 SME 獲得績效改進。 廢物管理實踐、循環產品設計是因果關係； 特別是，廢物管理實踐支持中小企業建立 CSCM 作為替代方式。 為印度尼西亞的 CSCM 提供實用見解的標準是生態設計、可持續產品設計、綠色技術、廢物處理能力和環境設計。[[abstract]]The study plays a part in the development of a legitimate hierarchical circular supply chain management (CSCM) and solid waste management (SWM) attributes set based on qualitative data. CSCM is a promising way to achieve economic and environmental sustainability and addresses the waste problem. However, the solid waste problem is costly as well as time-consuming, especially for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). SMEs need to develop robust strategies to overcome the challenges in implementing waste management practices. Therefore, this study aims at investigating the attributes among CSC and SWM that has interrelationships as well as knowing the most effecting criteria that provides practical improvement. The fuzzy Delphi method (FDM) is used in this investigation to propose the valid set of attributes. The use of a fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory method (FDEMATEL) in this study aims to propose a CSC and SWM feature and develop linguistic preferences in a causal model while simultaneously managing ambiguity. The results show the hierarchical structure in CSCM implementation that benefit SMEs to gain performance improvement. Waste management practices, circular product design are the causal aspects; especially, waste management practices support SMEs in building CSCM as an alternative way. The criteria to provide practical insights for CSCM in Indonesia are eco-design, sustainable product design, green technology, waste treatment capability, and design for environment
[[alternative]]Insight into the Evaluation of Key Factors of Service-Oriented in Smart Manufacturing
No full text[[abstract]]自工業強權德國提出工業4.0成為生產策略顯學，結合演算法韌體及電機技術加上製程雲端大數據，提供產業升級轉型一套智慧化生產的解決方案。然而，導入高端技術的同時，一定會面臨通訊相容性、系統整合能力、生產參數調整、軟硬體整合等設備調整問題；以及員工技術專業訓練、企業學習能力、人力與物料追蹤等內部營運管理問題。引此，本研究以資訊系統整合數據架構的方式為基礎，探討資訊系統介入資訊系統傳統製造業後所演化出的智慧製造可能促成之服務創新，分析產業轉型升級出關鍵因素發展優先順序。使用層級分析研究方法(AHP)針對多目標評估因子，匯集專家意見分析本研究假說。有效問卷共207份，回收率94.1%。研究結果顯示，構面前三位排序分別為：企業學習能力、設備智慧程度、虛實整合能力；替代方案排序為：新技術整合與價值驗證、敏捷製與集體治理、即時現況分析系統。研究結果排序有利評估智慧製造關鍵因素對於台灣中小企業導入模式之影響。[[abstract]]Since the industrial power Germany proposed that Industry 4.0 has become a prominent theory of production strategy, it combines algorithm firmware and motor technology with process cloud big data to provide a set of intelligent production solutions for industrial upgrading and transformation. However, while introducing high-end technology, there will definitely be problems with equipment adjustments such as communication compatibility, system integration capabilities, production parameter adjustments, and software and hardware integration; as well as internal operations such as employee technical training, corporate learning capabilities, and human and material tracking. management issues. Citing this, this study is based on the way information systems integrate data structures, explores service innovations that may be facilitated by smart manufacturing evolved after information systems intervene in traditional manufacturing, and analyzes the development priorities of key factors in industrial transformation and upgrading. Using the Analytical Hierarchy Research Method (AHP) for multi-objective evaluation factors, expert opinions were gathered to analyze the research hypothesis. A total of 207 valid questionnaires, the recovery rate was 94.1%. The research results show that the top three rankings of the facets are: enterprise learning ability, equipment intelligence, and virtual-real integration ability; the rankings of alternatives are: New technology integration and value verification, agile system and collective governance, real-time status analysis system. The ranking of the research results is beneficial to assess the impact of the key factors of smart manufacturing on the introduction model of small and medium-sized enterprises in Taiwan
[[alternative]]Exploring the Impact of Homebuyers Preferences and Marketing Knowledge Management Capabilities on Purchase Intentions
No full text[[abstract]]購屋者對於購買房地者有著不同消費型態，購屋者對於銷售人員的專業知識的重視度日益提升，並帶動了房屋銷售業者不斷提升顧客知覺價值。因此，本研究探討購屋者對於住宅偏好、行銷知識管理能力、購屋者知覺價值、以及購屋者購買意願關連性。以對住宅房屋購買有興趣的消費者為研究對象，經問卷調查共回收有效問卷77份。本研究採取SPSS統計軟體進行迴歸分析，資料分析結果顯示，住宅偏好、行銷知識管理能力、以及購屋者知覺價值對購屋者購買意圖有正面顯著影響。研究結果發現，住宅偏好子構面的住宅舒適、地段便利、結構安全有正向顯著影響購屋者購買意願。同時，研究發現，行銷知識管理能力僅購屋者知識管理能力對購屋者知覺價值與購買意願有著正向顯著影響。[[abstract]]Homebuyers exhibit different consumer behaviors when purchasing properties, and their increasing emphasis on salespeople's professional knowledge has driven real estate developers to continuously enhance customer perceived value. Therefore, this study explores the relationships among homebuyer preferences, marketing knowledge management capabilities, homebuyer perceived value, and purchase intentions. The research subjects are consumers interested in purchasing residential properties, and a total of 77 valid questionnaires were collected through a survey. Regression analysis using SPSS software was employed for data analysis. The results indicate that homebuyer preferences, marketing knowledge management capabilities, and homebuyer perceived value have a significantly positive impact on purchase intentions. The study found that the sub-factors of homebuyer preferences, namely residential comfort, convenient location, and structural safety, have a positive and significant influence on purchase intentions. Additionally, the study discovered that marketing knowledge management capabilities, specifically homebuyer knowledge management capabilities, have a positive and significant effect on both perceived value and purchase intentions
[[alternative]]What features are relevant in the selection of avatars to represent cultural identity in social VR
No full text[[abstract]]目前，不斷增長的 VR 技術使用市場使用化身訪問虛擬現實社交網絡 Horizon（M. Z. Facebook，2021；Shorman，2022）。 用戶的文化表徵在社交虛擬世界中的自我表徵中具有重要意義，因此了解文化挪用和化身創建的差異是優化該技術在社交環境中使用的重要特徵。 為了確定虛擬形象的選擇是否有不同的特徵，該研究比較了哥倫比亞人和台灣人這兩個群體，評估與元宇宙的關係、虛擬形象的行為模式和虛擬形象的創造，評估是否存在顯著差異 兩組之間對上述情況的看法。結果發現，拉丁美洲的參與者更喜歡創建旨在反映他們在元宇宙中真實自我的化身，而亞洲創建的化身旨在設計一種可以反映他們的思維、感受和精神狀態，而不是他們真實的體格的設計， 通過評估本研究中指定的不同項目得出的結果。[[abstract]]Currently, the growing market for the use of VR technologies uses avatars to access a virtual reality social network, Horizon (M. Z. Facebook, 2021; Shorman, 2022). The cultural representation of the users is gaining an important meaning in the representation of the self in social virtual worlds, so understanding the differences in cultural appropriation and the creation of avatars is an important characteristic to optimize the use of this technology in social environments. In order to identify if there are different features in the selection of avatars, the study compares two groups, Colombians and Taiwanese, evaluating the Relation to the metaverse, the Behavioral patterns of avatar and the Avatar Creation, evaluating if there are significant differences in the perception of the above between both groups.It is found that LATAM participants prefer to create avatars that aim at reflecting their own real self in the metaverse while Asia create avatars that aim at a design where they can reflect their thinking, feelings, and state of mind, but not their real physique, findings through the evaluation of different items that are specified in this study
[[alternative]]A study on the differences between new and old physical fitness tests in the annual training of firefighters
No full text[[abstract]]消防署於2022年公布消防人員新式體能測驗項目，其體測項目與舊版有極大的差異，舊版測驗比較朝向肌耐力、有氧能力方向的訓練模式，新版則是朝向最大肌力，爆發力的訓練方針，因此新式體能測驗標準是否能夠有效地強化消防人員的體適能，值得所有消防人員來探討。本研究將比較新、舊版本常年體能測驗的使用肌群、體能要素、與消防人員工作項目相關性等方面的不同之處，並分析這些不同之處可能對消防人員的體能訓練和執勤狀況產生的影響，為消防人員體能測驗的改進提供參考依據，進一步提升消防人員的體能水平及改善消防人員訓練器材和場地，保障其執行消防任務的能力。[[abstract]]The National Fire Agency announced the new physical fitness test for firefighters in 2022. The new test differs significantly from the previous version, which focused more on muscular endurance and aerobic capacity training. The new test, however, emphasizes maximum strength and explosive power training. Therefore, it is worth exploring whether the new physical fitness test standards can effectively enhance the firefighters' physical fitness. This study aims to compare the differences between the new and old versions in terms of muscle groups used, physical fitness elements, and their relevance to firefighters' job tasks. Furthermore, the study will analyze the potential impact of these differences on firefighters' physical training and duty performance, providing a reference for improving the physical fitness test for firefighters. This will further enhance the firefighters' physical fitness level and improve their training equipment and facilities, ensuring their ability to carry out firefighting missions
[[alternative]]The Relationship Between Physical Activity Habit and Quality of Leisure Life of the Seniors in Community Care Stations in Taichung City
No full text[[abstract]]本研究討論社區關懷據點中銀髮族身體活動習慣與休閒生活品質之現況與關係，採橫斷式調查研究，以參與臺中市七個社區關懷據點的191位銀髮族為研究對象，引用台灣活動量調查-短版問卷 (IPAQ)及台灣簡明版世界衛生組織生活品質問卷 (WHOQOL-BREF)為調查研究工具，進行量化分析。研究結果如下：1.社區關懷據點之銀髮族之身體活動習慣，高度活動量及中度活動量者多於輕度活動量者，有81.3%銀髮族進行會走路活動。2.社區關懷據點之銀髮族之身體活動習慣，以65-70歲、自覺健康狀況非常好、每月可用金額兩萬元以上者之活動量顯著較多。3.社區關懷據點之銀髮族休閒生活品質以在環境範疇得分最佳，心理範疇得分最低。4.社區關懷據點之銀髮族之休閒生活品質，在年齡、教育程度、不同自覺健康情形及不同經濟情形中有顯著差異。5.社區關懷據點之銀髮族休閒生活品質與身體活動習慣之r值介於.276至.406之間，有顯著正相關，且身體活動習慣對休閒生活品質之解釋力亦達顯著水準。[[abstract]]This study discusses the current situation and relationship between the physical activity habits and the quality of leisure life of the seniors in the community care stations. A cross-sectional survey is conducted, with 191 seniors participating in seven community care stations in Taichung City as the research object, citing IPAQ and WHOQOL-BREF as survey and research tools.The research results are: 1. The physical activity habits of the seniors in the community care stations, about 81.3% of the seniors mainly walk. And those with high and moderate activity levels are more than those with light activities. 2. Those who are 65-70 years old, feel that their health is very good, and have more than 20,000 dollars of monthly available money have significantly more activities. 3. The quality of leisure life of the seniors has the best score in the environmental category and the lowest score in the psychological category. 4. There are significant differences in the quality of leisure life of the senior citizens in terms of age, education level, different perceived health conditions and different economic conditions. 5. The quality of leisure life is significantly positively correlated with physical activity habits
[[alternative]]Discussion on Muscle Stretching and Relaxation Exercises of Firefighters After Attending Duty- Take Beitun Fire Brigade as an Example
No full text[[abstract]]本研究主要探討當消防人員在執行不同勤務時，分析各項勤務可能會使用到的肌群，針對該肌群搭配不同的靜態伸展動作來幫助肌肉伸展與放鬆。此外靜態伸展還能改善柔軟度、放鬆心情與抒解壓力。消防人員會面對各式各樣的救護救災情境，以台中市消防人員上班為例，在連續48小時的上班時間內可能會遇到長時間的連續工作，除了對體能是一大挑戰外，也可能因為肌肉的發炎與疲勞累積導致消防人員受傷機率提高。因此要盡可能以最好的身狀況去應對。在每日工作開始前加入各種靜態伸展動作，可以讓緊繃的肌肉放鬆增加柔軟度並將雜念及心事暫時放下幫助我們快速進入專注狀態。在每趟任務結束後除了休息與營養補給外，針對使用的肌群進行靜態伸展來放鬆肌肉增加恢復速度。[[abstract]]This study mainly discusses when firefighters perform different duties, analyzes the muscle groups that may be used by each duty, and uses different static stretching exercises for the muscle groups to help the muscles stretch and relax. In addition, static stretching can improve flexibility, relax the mood and relieve stress. Firefighters will face a variety of rescue and disaster relief situations. Taking Taichung City firefighters as an example, they may encounter long-term continuous work during the 48-hour continuous working hours. In addition to being a major challenge to physical fitness, It is also possible that firefighters are more likely to be injured due to the accumulation of muscle inflammation and fatigue. Therefore, it is necessary to deal with it in the best physical condition as possible. Adding a variety of static stretching exercises before the start of daily work can relax tense muscles and increase flexibility, and temporarily put aside distracting thoughts and thoughts to help us quickly enter a state of concentration. After each task, in addition to rest and nutritional supplements, perform static stretches for the used muscle groups to relax the muscles and increase recovery speed
[[alternative]]Discussion and Research on Retirement Groups and Art and Leisure Creation
No full text[[abstract]]藝術創作作為退休族群的休閒活動參與率並不高，但從周遭退休族群從事藝術休閒創作者身上，卻意外發現其退而不休、優雅老化、獨一無二的閃光點。退休族群從事藝術休閒創作致超越老化，應有一些涉入方式及途徑，其創作歷程也應有些體驗或經驗感受，可供研究探討。固本研究採質性之深度訪談法，聚焦於退休族群將藝術創作作為休閒活動的初始契機與動機、認真休閒和休閒涉入之狀況、最適體驗與超越老化的經歷與感受為目的。歸納分析研究結果，發現退休族群的藝術休閒創作要達超越老化，初始契機需有興趣或其相關領域知識、技術、涵養的奠基，並受身邊親近、重要人士的鼓勵與支持，且能善用休閒時間，行為、態度上也須具有認真休閒之特質，持之以恆的休閒涉入，自然能達休閒之最適體驗，突破各種生活考驗，而超越老化。研究最後，有對後續研究者和從事藝術休閒創作之退休族群做出回饋與建議。[[abstract]]The participation rate of art creation as a leisure activity for the retired group is not high, but from the surrounding retired groups engaged in art leisure creators, they unexpectedly found their retiring, elegant aging, unique shining points. Retired people engaged in art and leisure creation to gerotranscendence, there should be some ways and ways to get involved, and their creative process should also have some experience or experience feelings, which can be studied and explored.The qualitative in-depth interview method focuses on the retirement group's use of artistic creation as the initial opportunity and motivation for leisure activities, the situation of serious leisure and leisure involvement, and optimal experience and gerotranscendence. Summarizing and analyzing the research results, it is found that the artistic and leisure creation of the retired group should surpass aging, and the initial opportunity needs to be interested in or the foundation of knowledge, technology and cultivation in related fields, and be encouraged and supported by close and important people around them, and be able to make good use of leisure time, and must have the characteristics of serious leisure in behavior and attitude, and persistently involve leisure in nature, naturally able to achieve optimal experience of leisure, break through various life tests, and gerotranscendence. At the end of the study, there are feedback and suggestions for follow-up researchers and retired groups engaged in art and leisure creation
[[alternative]]Teaching and Reflection on Combining Advertising Music with Leisure Life in Music Appreciation Courses：Taking a Junior High School in Taichung City as an Example
No full text[[abstract]]廣告音樂是商業廣告中不可或缺的音樂元素。近年來受到越來越多人關注，並進行相關研究。本研究旨在探討廣告音樂結合休閒生活於音樂欣賞課程教學對學生學習表現和音樂休閒活動之影響。本研究採行動研究法，以研究者任教之學校，國中二年某班27位學生為研究對象，進行為期九週的課程教學。透過教學觀察、學生回饋、音樂學習單、問卷調查等方式進行資料蒐集，以瞭解學生對課程內容、教學方法的感受度和學習成果。本研究之結論如下:一、休閒教育能提升國中生對休閒生活的重視。二、應用廣告音樂教學策略於國中音樂欣賞，學生學習興趣普遍提升。三、廣告音樂結合休閒生活於音樂欣賞課程能拓展音樂休閒廣度。四、應用廣告音樂於音樂欣賞教學能提升教師專業成長。[[abstract]]Advertising music has attracted more and more attention in recent years. The research aims to explore the influence of advertising music combined with leisure life in music appreciation course teaching on students' learning performance and music leisure activities. Twenty-seven junior high school students received a nine-week course teaching, and collected data through teaching observation, student feedback, questionnaire surveys and interviews. The conclusions of this study are as follows:1.Leisure education can enhance junior high school students' emphasis on leisure life.2.Applying advertising music teaching strategies to middle school music appreciation, students' interest in learning has generally increased.3.Combining advertising music with leisure life in music appreciation courses can expand the breadth of music leisure.4.The application of advertising music in music appreciation teaching can enhance the professional growth of teachers
[[alternative]]The Impact of the Government’s Tourism Promotion Policy on the Stock Prices of the Tourism Industry: The Effect of Corporate Governance
No full text[[abstract]]本研究檢視台灣上市 (櫃) 公司中觀光類股在2020年初新冠肺炎流行後，政府振興經濟紓困措施的公告 (共有六次) 所引起的股價反應及其是否受公司治理的影響。本研究以事件研究法衡量股價對政策宣布的反應，並以此為應變數，對公司治理和公司特徵執行迴歸分析。從考慮事件日集中的事件研究法得到的結果發現，政策公告前後兩日的異常報酬多為負數，並未系統性地出現正報酬；公告前後兩日的累積異常報酬顯示投資人認為政府一開始的紓困措施對疫情下觀光業的振興效果不佳，而後續的政策或雖有些許效果，但仍屬有限。迴歸分析結果指出：公司治理的影響不顯著，而前期公司資產規模及市價淨值比 (代表成長性) 都對異常報酬有正向影響，尤其是在紓困政策公布後；投資人對負債比率高的公司是否能從紓困方案獲得效益比較有疑慮，所以這種公司的股價反應比較負向。本研究結果有關以後類似的重大事件中政府所提措施的股票市場反應及其受公司特徵的影響情形，可供投資人擬定投資策略時參考。[[abstract]]This study examines the stock price reaction caused by the government's announcement of economic stimulus and relief measures (six times in total) after the COVID-19 epidemic in the tourism stocks of Taiwan-listed and OTC companies in early 2020 and whether it is affected by corporate governance. This article uses the event study method to measure stock price response to policy announcement, and uses this as dependent variable to perform regression analyses on corporate governance and firm characteristics. The results obtained from the event study method considering the clustering of event days find that the abnormal returns in the two days before and after the policy announcements were mostly negative, and there was no systematic positive return; the accumulated abnormal returns in the two days around the announcements show that investors believed that the early government relief measures have not had a good effect on the revitalization of the tourism industry under the epidemic, and the follow-up policies may have some effect, but they are still limited. The results of regression analyses indicate that: the impact of corporate governance is not significant, and the company's asset size and market-to-book value ratio (representing firm growth) for the last year have a positive impact on abnormal returns, especially after the bailout policy is announced. Moreover, investors have more doubts about whether the companies with a high debt ratio can benefit from the bailout plans, so the stock price reactions of such companies are relatively negative. The results of this study related to the stock market reaction to the measures proposed by the government in similar major events in the future and the impact of the company's characteristics can be used as a reference for investors when formulating investment strategies