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[[alternative]]Combining Leisure Life and BOPPPS Mod-el in the Teaching and Reflection of Per-forming Arts: Students' Trip to Taichung City Seaport Art Center
No full text[[abstract]]表演藝術源於生活，也在生活中實踐，藝術領域核心素養逐漸轉向與生活結合，重視以文化為主的教學。但事實上受限於資源、時間以及升學教育的影響，表演藝術課程的目標被視為可有可無，本研究藉由表演藝術課程融合港區藝術中心文化資源，以戶外教育的模式來設計課程，透過行動研究來評估學習成效，希望瞭解表演藝術與休閒生活的教學結合面向與成效。本研究以國中生為主體，以BOPPPS模式發展出適用於表演藝術課程之教學模式，透過參與式觀察法及現場教學參訪進行教學，教師採取行動研究觀察記錄課程教學情形，瞭解到表演藝術與休閒教育結合的可能性，未來作為表演藝術教師利用社區文化資源設計表演藝術課程的參考。整體的教學歷程經研究者自行改良規劃後分為三個階段，分別是：校外參訪前教學活動、校外參訪實地教學活動、成效評量與回饋。善用合作學習以互相交流、討論、合作，共同解決問題、創造新知識和技能，最後讓學生繪製心智圖盡情發揮創意，提升整體的學習成效。[[abstract]]Performing art comes from life and is also practiced in life. The core literacy in the field of art is gradually turning to be combined with life, and emphasis is placed on teaching based on culture. This study takes junior high school students as the main body and develops a teaching model suitable for performing arts courses based on the BOPPPS model. Teaching is conducted through participatory observation and on-site teaching visits. Teachers take action research to observe and record the teaching situa-tion of the course, and understand the relationship between performing arts and The possibility of combining leisure education will serve as a reference for performing arts teachers to use community cultural resources to design performing arts courses in the future. The overall teaching process is divided into three stages after self-improvement and planning by the researchers, namely: teaching activities before off-campus visits, on-site teaching activities during off-campus visits, and effectiveness evaluation and feedback
[[alternative]]The Differences between Traditional Year-Round Physical Training and Modern Physical Training: Case Study of Firefighters in the Fengnan Branch of the Taichung City Fire Department
No full text[[abstract]]本研究針對臺中市消防局豐南分隊消防人員進行的傳統常年體能訓練和新式體能訓練進行分析，旨在探究兩種訓練方式在提升消防人員體能方面的差異與效果。研究結果顯示，傳統常年訓練主要強調基礎力量和耐力的提升，而新式體能訓練則更著重於特定技能的訓練與實戰場景的模擬。雖然傳統訓練在提升消防員的基礎身體素質上有所貢獻，但新式體能訓練的靈活性與針對性使得其在提升消防員實戰反應能力和特定技能方面表現出更大的優勢。然而，這並不意味著應完全棄用傳統的訓練方式，相反，將兩種訓練方式結合使用可能是最有效的策略。未來的研究可進一步探討如何最佳結合這兩種訓練方式，以提供更具體的指導意見和實施策略。[[abstract]]This study analyzes the traditional perennial physical training and new physical training conducted by firefighters of Fengnan Branch of Taichung Fire Department, aiming to explore the differences and effects of the two training methods in improving the physical fitness of firefighters. The research results show that traditional perennial training mainly emphasizes the improvement of basic strength and endurance, while new physical training focuses more on the training of specific skills and the simulation of actual combat scenarios. Although traditional training has contributed to improving the basic physical fitness of firefighters, the flexibility and pertinence of the new physical training have shown greater advantages in improving firefighters' actual combat response ability and specific skills. However, this does not mean that traditional training methods should be completely abandoned, on the contrary, combining the two training methods may be the most effective strategy. Future research could further explore how to best combine these two training modalities to provide more specific guidance and implementation strategies
[[alternative]]How Does the U.S. CHIPS and Science Act of 2022 Affect the Stock Returns on Taiwanese Companies?
No full text[[abstract]]本研究旨在探討中美貿易戰持續延燒，美國祭出《晶片法案》（CHIPS and Science Act of 2022），如何影響臺灣半導體及電子相關產業的報酬。本研究有兩個事件日，第一事件日以美國總統拜登（Joe Biden）於 2022 年 8月 9 日簽署《晶片法案》，第二事件日以美國於 2022 年 10 月 7 日發表《晶片法案》之擴大限制。採用事件研究法分析臺灣全樣本、半導體及電子產業股票的報酬變化。研究期間包含 2021 年 7 月至 2022 年 12 月止。研究結果顯示，美國頒布《晶片法案》後，對臺灣的半導體及電子產業產生正負相間的異常報酬及正向顯著的累積異常報酬。然而《晶 片法案》之擴大限制後，雖異常報酬有正有負，但累積異常報酬卻為負向顯著。進一步對照臺股全樣本、半導體產業、電子相關產業之異同，發現大致上結果相距不遠，皆因《晶片法案》而有正向影響，及因擴大限制而產生負向影響。[[abstract]]This study explores how the ongoing trade war between China and the United States and the introduction of the CHIPS and Science Act of 2022 by the United States will affect the stock returns on Taiwanese semiconductor and electronics-related industries. There are two event days in this study. The first event date is US President Joe Biden signs the chip Act on August 9, 2022. The second event date is the United States government announces the restriction on expansion of the chip on October 7, 2022. The event study method is used to analyze the abnormal returns on semiconductor and electronics industry. The study period covers July 2021 to December 2022.The research results show that after the United States promulgated the Chip Act, it produced significant cumulative abnormal returns on semiconductor and electronics industries in Taiwan. However, after the expanded restriction of the Chip Act, the abnormal returns are both positive and negative, the cumulative abnormal returns are significantly negative. Moreover, both of semiconductor and electronics-related industries have a positive impact due to the “Chip Act” and a negative impact due to the expansion of restrictions
[[alternative]]Psychosocial Factors and Life Adaptation of Drug Addicts in Relation to Drug Reuse after Drug Addiction Therapeutic Community Treatment
No full text[[abstract]]研究背景：戒癮者復原過程中存在著許多內外在因子的因素影響，戒癮者接受藥癮治療性社區處遇後，再使用毒品的相關因子是值得探究的議題。研究目的：本研究欲探討藥癮治療性社區模式下，心理社會因子中的家庭支持、朋友支持、自我效能，生活適應與治療後再使用毒品之相關性。研究方法：以某藥癮治療性社區男性戒癮者為研究對象，回溯收案期間自2013年至2019年，且須於2019年前結束治療。使用藥癮治療性社區心理社會因子評估表、生活管理評分檔、治療效果追蹤紀錄檔進行資料蒐集。依變項為治療結束後一年內是否再使用毒品。主要自變項包含「家庭支持」及「朋友支持」（分別有五題，總分為0-10）、「自我效能」（共八題，總分0-100），以及「生活適應」（計算日平均生活違規次數）。採羅吉斯迴歸分析上述自變項與治療結束後一年內再使用毒品之相關。研究結果：研究共納入104位男性戒癮者，其中有57.7%個案為未滿18歲青少年。卡方分析結果顯示居住天數較短（p=0.035）與生活違規日平均次數較高（p=0.037）與治療後一年內再使用毒品有顯著相關。羅吉斯迴歸分析顯示生活違規次數越高（勝算比[Odds Ratio, OR]=1.36, p=0.040）有較高的復發率；而家庭支持（OR=0.96, p=0.58）、朋友支持（OR=1.05, p=0.61）與自我效能（OR=1.01, p=0.46）與治療後一年內再使用毒品無顯著相關。結論：毒品復發機率與戒癮者的自律性及生活適應有關，然與家庭支持、朋友支持及自我效能關聯較薄弱。建議：藥癮治療性社區應在個案入住時即安排個案管理治療師，建立治療性人際關係，協助降低生活違規適應治療性社區生活，以利增進戒癮者社區適應能力及自律性，減少再使用毒品之可能性。[[abstract]]Background: There are many internal and external factors associated with the recovery process of drug addicts. It is worthy to explore factors related to reusing drug after receiving drug addiction treatment under a therapeutic community. Purpose: This study aimed to explore the relationship of family support, friend support, self-efficacy and life adaptation among the psychosocial factors with drug re-use after drug addiction therapeutic community treatment. Methods: The study participants were male addicts in a drug addiction treatment community. They were retrospectively enrolled between 2013 and 2019, and their treatment must be completed by year 2019. Data were collected according to the community psychosocial factor assessment form, life management score file, and tracking records of treatment effects. The dependent variable was the status of re-using drug within one-year after treatment. The major independent variables were "family support" and "friend support" (both scales have 5 questions with a total score of 0-10), "self-efficacy" (8 questions, with a total score of 0-100), and "life adaptation" (average daily numbers of life violations in a month). The logistic regression model was conducted to analyze associations between the drug reuse and the major independent variables. Results: A total of 104 male addicts were included in the study, of which 57.7% were teenagers under the age of 18. Chi-squared test showed that shorter length of stay in JiaLao Villa (p=0.035), and more frequencies of daily life violations (p=0.037) were significantly related to the drug reuse after treatment. Logistic regression analysis showed that higher numbers of life violations was related to the drug reuse (OR=1.37, p=0.040). Nevertheless, family support (OR=0.96, p=0.58), friend support (OR=1.05, p=0.61), and self-efficacy (OR=1.01, p=0.46) had no significant correlation with drug reuse within one year after treatment. Conclusion: The findings reveals that drug reuse was related to the self-discipline and life adaptation of the addicts, but was weakly related to family support, friend support, and self-efficacy. Suggestions: When a case is admitted, the drug addiction treatment community should arrange case management therapists to establish a therapeutic interpersonal relationship in order to help reducing daily violations and adapting to the therapeutic community life, so that drug addicts can improve the community adaptability and self-discipline to reduce the possibility of drug use
[[alternative]]Discuss the relevant factors affecting the sense of presence in virtual reality tourism-Taking residents of long-term care institutions as an example
No full text[[abstract]]前言：由於長照機構住民多為身體不便，生活起居需人照護，很少有機會進行實際的旅遊活動。隨著科技的進步，虛擬實境旅遊已經可以讓人們透過電腦、手機等設備，在不出門的情況下就可以體驗各種地方的風景和地理環境。而且，在疫情肆虐的情況下，長照機構住民的生活更加孤獨和無聊。因此，透過虛擬實境能創造出一種身臨其境的感官體驗，並且可以激發人們的情感和感知能力，有助於提升虛擬實境旅遊的臨場感。目的：虛擬實境能創造出一種身臨其境的體驗，可以激發人們的情感和感知能力，有助於提升虛擬實境臨場感，本研究探討影響虛擬實境臨場感的相關因素，從系統功能品質中的功能性、有效性、效率性和生動性與體驗品質中時間分離、集中沉浸、提升樂趣、控制、好奇心以上哪些因素會影響臨場感。方法：本研究透過自行拍攝的虛擬實境影片，從2家長照機構進行收案，讓長照機構住民使用觀看虛擬實境旅遊影片後填寫問卷，問卷包含基本資料、臨場感、功能品質和體驗品質等構面。問卷總共發放：140份，回收135份問卷，扣除無效問卷10份，有效問卷125份，有效問卷回收率89%，平均機構住宿時間為1.8年。本研究以SPSS 21.0統計分析，統計方法為t檢定、變異數分析(ANOVA)及迴歸式分析統計問卷資料，採用以上統計分析方法可以了解長照機構住民對虛擬實境旅遊體驗的喜好和期望，是否可以提高住民的臨場感受和身歷其境的體驗及了解到哪些「功能品質」或「體驗品質」對於臨場感的影響最大。結果：研究顯示長照機構住民居住時間(β=-0.176,P<0.05)、控制(β=0.534,P<0.05)、好奇心(β=0.324,P<0.05)，長照機構住民在機構中居住時間有負相關代表長照機構住民居住越久其對於虛擬實境旅遊臨場感越小;另外在體驗虛擬實境旅遊活動越能與活動有更多互動或者激發長照機構住民的好奇心，會使長照機構住民對虛擬實境旅遊的臨場感越高。結論： 從本研究統計結果得知在長照機構居住的時間的長短，住民對於體驗新事物的好奇心，在活動體驗中虛擬實境旅遊的環境是否能被控制，以上這些層面會影響長照機構住民體驗虛擬實境旅遊時的臨場感。這些虛擬實境旅遊為長照機構住民帶來豐富的臨場感體驗，將可提供虛擬實境開發廠商根據本研究的發現來改進未來虛擬實境的設計，設計更多元化且富有互動性的場景，激發使用者的控制感和好奇心，將有助於人們對於虛擬實境的吸引力。[[abstract]]Introduction: Since most people in long-term care facilities are physically challenged and require care for their daily lives, they rarely have the opportunity to engage in actual travel activities. With the advancement of technology, virtual reality tourism allows people to experience the landscape and geography of various places without leaving their homes through devices such as computers and smartphones. Moreover, because of the pandemic, the lives of people living in long-term care facilities have become lonelier and more boring. Therefore, virtual reality can create an immersive sensory experience and stimulate people's emotions and perceptions, which can help to enhance the sense of presence of virtual reality tourism. Purpose: Virtual reality can create an immersive experience, which can stimulate people's emotions and perceptions, and help to improve the sense of presence in virtual reality. Functionality, effectiveness, efficiency, and liveliness in functional quality and time separation, focused immersion, enhanced fun, control, and curiosity in experience quality will affect the sense of presence.Methods: This study used a virtual reality video filmed by ourselves and collected the research subjects from two long-term care facilities. The residents of the long-term care facilities were asked to fill out a questionnaire after watching the virtual reality tour video. The questionnaire contained basic data, sense of presence, functional quality, quality of experience and other dimensions. A total of 140 questionnaires were distributed, and 135 questionnaires were returned. After eliminating 10 invalid questionnaires, there were 125 valid samples, with a valid return rate of 89%. The average length of the subjects’ staying in the facilities was 1.8 years. In this study, the questionnaire data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0, t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and regression analysis . Using the above statistical analysis methods, we can understand the preferences and expectations of residents of long-term care institutions for virtual reality tourism experience, whether it can improve residents' on-site experience and immersive experience, and understand what "functional quality" or "experience quality" is important for on-site tourism. Sense has the greatest impactResults: The results of this study indicate that the length of stay (β=-0.176, p<0.05), control (β=0.534, p<0.05), and curiosity (β=0.324, p<0.05), and that there is a negative correlation with length of stay, In other words, the residents that have lived longer in the facility have less sense of presence in virtual reality tourism. In addition, when the virtual reality tourism activity is more interactive, or it stimulates more curiosity, the sense of presence of virtual reality tourism among the residents of long-term care facilities is longer. Conclusions: From the statistical results of this study, it was found that the length of stay in the long-term care facilities, the curiosity of the residents to experience new things, and the ability to control the environment of the virtual reality tour during the activity experience, all affected the sense of presence of the residents in the long-term care facilities when experiencing the virtual reality tour. These virtual reality tours provide a rich immersive experience for the residents of long-term care facilities, and will provide virtual reality developers with the opportunity to improve future virtual reality designs based on the findings of this study. Designing more diverse and interactive scenarios that stimulate a sense of control and curiosity will help attract people's attention to virtual reality
[[alternative]]A Study of Business Models and Marketing Strategies in the Powder Coating Industry: A Case Study of Dinghong Company
No full text[[abstract]]近年來，粉末塗料的技術逐漸提高，但對粉末塗料行業的商業相關研究很少，如何在這個競爭激烈的紅海市場中生存也是一大課題。因此，與這個行業相關的競爭戰略、商業模式和行銷策略是相當重要的問題。本研究目的在於探討粉體塗裝產業在競爭環境之下，企業競爭策略、商業模式和行銷策略。具體而言，本研究使用策略管理與行銷管理分析方法，如五力分析、STP 策略、SWOT分析、商業模式九宮格、行銷7P之與個案公司相關之問題，並進行深度訪談。以研究者的身份來瞭解粉體塗裝個案內部對於競爭策略、行銷策略和商業模式的執行與規劃，並且進一步彙整訪談之結果，透過資料的分析來瞭解個案公司是如何在此競爭環境下生存，同時增加粉體塗裝產業在商業研究上之見解。建議粉體塗裝業應該加強關鍵活動、變更競爭策略、以及重視關鍵資源。[[abstract]]In recent years, there has been gradual improvement in powder coating technology. However, there is limited research on the business aspects of the powder coating industry, and surviving in this highly competitive market has become a major challenge. Therefore, understanding competitive strategies, business models, and marketing strategies relevant to this industry is of significant importance. The aim of this study is to explore the competitive strategies, business models, and marketing strategies of companies in the powder coating industry within the competitive environment. Specifically, this research utilizes strategic management and marketing management analysis methods such as Five Forces analysis, STP strategy, SWOT analysis, the Business Model Canvas, the 7Ps of marketing, and relevant issues specific to the case company. In-depth interviews are conducted to understand how the case company implements and plans competitive strategies, marketing strategies, and business models from the perspective of the researcher. The interview results are then analyzed to gain insights into how the case company survives in this competitive environment, thus contributing to the understanding of the powder coating industry in terms of business research. Based on the findings, it is recommended that the powder coating industry should strengthen key activities, consider changing competitive strategies, and prioritize key resourc
[[alternative]]Comparison of Business Strategies in the Fitness Equipment Industry Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study of Company A
No full text[[abstract]]自從2020年1月發現全球第一例確診新冠肺炎 (COVID-19) 在中國武漢市後，就在短短的時間內迅速擴散，這造成了焦慮及恐慌壟罩全球。為了阻止新冠肺炎的延燒，全世界紛紛採取許多不同程度的預防措施，例如：鎖國、保持社交距離、隔離和封城等等方式，嚴重影響大家的生活、心理狀態以及行為模式，進而面臨心、身、靈各方面的挑戰。據國立臺灣師範大學張育愷教授的研究有三大發現，包含：1.臺灣民眾在疫情封鎖期間之健身運動行為一樣可以持續維持 2.臺灣民眾對未來疫情之健身運動行為的影響 3.健身運動相信可以決定心情等等。總而言之，臺灣成功的防疫使民眾能在嚴峻的疫情中還是可以保持健身運動的習慣，而在未來疫情中甚至持續增加健身運動的行為；然而，疫情就像是兩面刃的刀一樣，在生產運動器材製造製造業也造成衝擊和變化。本研究將透過魚骨圖、九宮格、2D趨勢圖等手法來比較其健身器材產業COVID-19疫情前後經營策略之變化。本研究結論發現疫情後A公司應加強供應鏈管理，提升線上銷售能力，並密切關注市場趨勢和消費者需求的變化，以保持競爭優勢並迎接未來的挑戰。[[abstract]]After the confirmation of the first case of novel COVID-19 in the Chinese city of Wuhan in January 2020, the virus rapidly spread worldwide. This led to anxiety and panic across the globe. To control the spread of COVID-19, countries implemented various levels of epidemic prevention measures, such as countrywide lockdowns, city closures, social segregation, and maintaining social distance. These measures have significantly affected human life, behavior patterns, and psychological well-being. Consequently, researchers, like Professor Zhang Yukai of National Taiwan Normal University, have identified three new challenges that encompass the physical, mental, and spiritual aspects of individuals during this crisis. These challenges include:1. Maintaining fitness activities among the Taiwanese population during the epidemic lockdown.2. The impact of future epidemics on the fitness and exercise behavior of Taiwanese people.3. The influence of fitness exercise on one's mood.Overall, Taiwan's successful epidemic prevention measures have enabled people to sustain their fitness and exercise habits during the pandemic. Furthermore, it is likely that these habits will continue and even increase in future epidemic situations. However, it is important to note that the pandemic has had a dual effect. The fitness equipment manufacturing industry has also experienced shocks and changes due to the impact of the epidemic.To analyze the changes in business strategies before and after the COVID-19 epidemic in the fitness equipment industry, various tools such as the Fishbone Diagram, Nine Palaces, and 2D Trend Chart can be employed. These tools will facilitate a comprehensive comparison of the shifts and adjustments in the industry caused by the pandemic. The research findings conclude that in the post-pandemic era, A Company should enhance supply chain management, improve online sales capabilities, and closely monitor market trends and changes in consumer demand. These measures are crucial for maintaining a competitive advantage and successfully adapting to future challenges
[[alternative]]Research of the Work Stress and Sleep Quality of Public Health Nurses Under the Impact of COVID-19 - A Case Study in Nantou County
No full text[[abstract]]衛生所是臺灣公衛體系最基層的組織，在民眾健康促進、疫病防治上扮演極為重要關鍵的角色，本研究旨在探討新冠肺炎疫情衝擊下，公共衛生護理人員工作壓力及睡眠品質現況。以南投縣十三鄉鎮市衛生所公共衛生護理人員進行結構式問卷調查，共發放問卷65份，有效問卷65份，回收率為100%，以Microsoft 365專業增強版及IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0套裝軟體執行資料處理，採用描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析、皮爾森積差等統計方法進行資料分析。主要研究發現公衛護理人員工作壓力以工作負荷感受最深，睡眠品質平均分數7.80分，70.8%公衛護理人員在疫情期間的睡眠品質不良，且全體公共衛生護理人員工作壓力感受為中上程度。工作職稱、每月加班時數、疫情警戒後加班時數是否增加及調職意向與工作壓力有關，性別、工作職稱、每月加班時數、疫情警戒後加班時數增加及調職意向與睡眠品質有關；公共衛生護理人員之工作壓力與睡眠品質具顯著相關，即工作壓力愈大睡眠品質愈差。盼透過本研究結果，能讓相關單位重視公共衛生護理人員工作壓力及睡眠品質現況，以利創造友善及支持性的工作環境，發揮護理人員專業知能，進而提升服務民眾健康之品質。[[abstract]]The public health centers play a crucial role in Taiwan's public health system, particularly in promoting public health and disease prevention. This study aimed to investigate the work stress and sleep quality among public health nurses under the impact of the Coronavirus Disease-2019 pandemic.A structured questionnaire survey was conducted among public health nurses in the thirteen townships and cities of Nantou County. A total of 65 questionnaires were distributed, and all 65 responses were valid, resulting in a response rate of 100%. Data processing was performed using Microsoft 365 Professional Plus and IBM SPSS Statistics 20.0 software. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation were used for data analysis.The main findings of the study revealed that work stress among public health nurses was most strongly associated with the perception of workload. The average score for sleep quality was 7.80, with 70.8% of the nurses experiencing poor sleep quality during the pandemic. Overall, the public health nurses reported a moderate to high level of work stress. Work title, monthly overtime hours, increase in overtime hours after pandemic alert, and intention to transfer were found to be related to work stress. Gender, work title, monthly overtime hours, increase in overtime hours after pandemic alert, and intention to transfer were associated with sleep quality. There was a significant correlation between work stress and sleep quality among public health nurses, indicating that the higher the work stress, the worse the sleep quality.It is hoped that the results of this study will encourage relevant authorities to pay attention to the work stress and sleep quality of public health nurses. This, in turn, can help create a supportive and friendly work environment that allows nursing professionals to utilize their expertise and enhance the quality of health services provided to the public
[[alternative]]The Impact of Consumers' Perception and Attitude Towards Ugly Agricultural Products on Their Purchase Intentions.
No full text[[abstract]]本研究旨在研討醜食認知、醜食態度、購買意願、三者間的關聯。根據聯合國環境署的糧食浪費指數報告，全世界每年浪費近10億噸食物，大概為過去估計值最佳的兩倍。多數人其實對於醜食並處是很瞭解，進而無法對減少食物浪費及環境盡一份心，藉由說明醜食，以確認受測者是否能判斷醜食與一般糧食間的差異。並且觀察消費者對於醜食的態度與購買意願之間是否具備中介效果。研究對象是台中和高屏地區年齡在18歲以上的消費者。總共收集219 份問卷，透過統計分析和資料彙整，得出以下結果。研究結果呈現：一、醜食認知對醜食態度具有顯著正向影響。二、醜食態度對醜食購買意願具有顯著正向影響。[[abstract]]The aim of this research is to examine the relationships between ugly Produce cognition, ugly Produce attitude and purchase intention. According to the Food Waste Index Report by the United Nations Environment Programme, almost one billion tons of food are wasted in worldwide every year , which is approximately double of the best previous estimates. Most people didn’t understanding about the ugly Produce, leading to increased food waste and lack of environmental concern. By explaining what is the ugly Produce, to confirm the respondents can distinguish the different of ugly Produce and regular food. Furthermore to observe whether consumers attitudes towards the ugly Produce and their purchase intention have a mediating effect or not . The study surveyed consumers is live in Taichung and Kaohsiung the age is above 18 years old. Collecting 219 responses, the results were obtained through statistical analysis and data compilation, the presented as follows.Presentation of research results:(1)Ugly Produce cognition have a significantly positive impact on Ugly Produce attitude.(2)Ugly Produce attitude have a significantly positive impact on ugly Produce purchase intention
[[alternative]]The Influence of Leadership Styles Exhibited by Business Leaders on Job Performance
No full text[[abstract]]面對全球化市場競爭，創新已成為組織永續經營的關鍵使命。《孫子兵法》計篇強調領導者需要具備智慧、信任、仁愛、勇氣和嚴謹等五種領導素質，這些也成為選擇和任用人才的重要標準。本研究以中部某金融機構為對象，旨在了解個案公司主管的領導風格，以提供經營管理方面的建議。研究結果顯示，領導風格「智、信、仁、勇」對工作績效有顯著影響，有效領導方式能提升組織績效和員工滿意度。然而，「嚴」型領導風格的工作績效影響較低，因為對員工情緒和態度產生負面影響。因此，在實際應用中，領導者需要注意權衡，避免對員工產生負面影響，從而提升組織績效。此外，年齡和工作年資對領導風格中「智」的因素具有顯著影響。隨著年齡和工作年資的增加，人們在解決問題方面的能力也隨之提高，這反映在智慧型領導風格上。因此，年齡和工作年資的增長能促進個人智慧的展現。總結而言，有效的領導風格對於組織績效和永續經營至關重要。在競爭激烈的環境中，領導者應具備智慧、信任、仁愛和勇氣等素質，適時運用嚴謹特質。此外，領導風格的影響受到年齡和工作年資的影響，年長和具有豐富經驗的人才在智慧型領導方面更具優勢。組織管理者應根據這些結果來選拔領導者和制定相應的培訓和發展計劃，以促進組織績效和員工的發展。[[abstract]]In the face of the competitive global market, innovation has become the mission for organizations to achieve sustainable business goals. "The Art of War" by Sun Tzu proposes five leadership qualities: intelligence, trustworthiness, benevolence, courage, and strictness, emphasizing that leaders need to possess these traits. These qualities also serve as important criteria for selecting and appointing talents. This study focuses on a financial institution in Central Taiwan to understand the leadership styles of its executives, aiming to provide managerial recommendations.The research findings indicate that leadership styles based on "intelligence, trustworthiness, benevolence, and courage" significantly impact job performance, with effective leadership enhancing organizational performance and employee satisfaction. However, the "strictness" leadership style has a lower impact on job performance due to its negative effects on employee emotions and attitudes. Hence, in practical application, leaders should strike a balance and avoid generating negative impacts on employees to enhance organizational performance.Furthermore, age and work experience have a significant influence on the "intelligence" factor of leadership styles. As individuals grow older and gain more work experience, their problem-solving abilities improve, which is reflected in their display of intelligent leadership styles. Therefore, increasing age and work experience facilitate the demonstration of individual intelligence.In conclusion, effective leadership styles are crucial for organizational performance and sustainability. In the highly competitive environment, leaders should possess qualities such as intelligence, trustworthiness, benevolence, and courage, while judiciously employing strictness. Additionally, the influence of leadership styles is affected by age and work experience, with senior and experienced individuals showing advantages in intelligent leadership. Organizational managers should use these results to select leaders and develop appropriate training and development plans to promote organizational performance and employee development