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The research on exploring the Application of Photographic Expression in Gestalt Theory with Eye Tracking Method
No full text[[abstract]]本研究主要探討「完形理論」視覺規則應用於攝影圖像的觀看感受，透過眼動追蹤注視經典攝影作品主體感受及訊息反應。主要研究目的為（1）探討紀實攝影於完形理論法則的觀看注視訊息關係；（2）探討紀實攝影圖像主體的凝視分佈區域（3）探討與分析紀實影像表現完形理論的美學形式。
本研究共分三個階段進行，共有60位受測者參與「眼動追蹤」與「自我情緒評估量表」實驗。第一階段為攝影作品視覺規則研究取樣，以歐美、亞洲攝影家作品及本研究拍攝紀實攝影圖像為樣本，採用專家焦點團體進行評分選樣，統計分析結果選樣完形規則「封閉性」、「相似性」二組，且以紀實攝影之「寫實性」依變數為輔；第二階段將選定33張圖樣編碼分為三組，包含「相似性vs封閉性」、「相似性vs寫實性」、「封閉性vs寫實性」，進一步運用眼動追蹤實驗取得熱區圖及注視時間參數，分析受測者觀看圖像視覺注視分布區域。其二，再進行自我情緒評估量表排卡，評量觀看完形規則的圖像視覺主觀感受的愉悅與喚醒程度；第三階段視覺注視度、凝視分佈區域差異性分析，依據眼動反應訊息評估完形規則的視覺表現。
本研究結果顯示紀實影像因應完形理論規則所組成視覺注視有顯著上差異性，其觀看者對完形規則的「封閉性」紀實圖像較聚焦於主體的臉部特徵，同時在愉悅與喚醒程度更為強烈；在「相似性」影像中的主體則將被分散至整體視覺，透過觀看感受對「虛影」、「實體」之間轉換的視覺易受焦點轉換而忽略。經此一探究完形理論的攝影表現形式結果歸納，完形規則的視覺認知具備影像美學、構圖元素模式的建構形式，使其拍攝主題影像更能表達主題的適當性；且藉由本研究拍攝之紀實影像分析探究影像美學關係，重新建構當代紀實攝影實踐於完形理論發展的視覺形式，可作為攝影美學發展脈絡模式之參考。[[abstract]]This study mainly explored the viewing experience of "Gestalt Theory" visual rules applied to photographic images. Observing the subjective feelings and message responses when gazing at classic photographic works through eye tracking. The main purposes of the study were (1) To explore the relationship between the documentary photography and the fixation information with Gestalt principle. (2) To explore the fixation distribution area of the subject of documentary photography images. (3) To explore and analyze the aesthetic form of documentary images in Gestalt theory.
The study was carried out in three phases. A total of 60 subjects participated in the experiment of "Eye Tracking" and "Assessing Self-Emotional Scale". The first stage is the sampling for the research on the visual rules of photographic works. Taking the works of European, American and Asian photographers and the documentary photographic images taken in this research as the samples. Scoring and sampling using expert focus groups. Sampling two groups-- "closure" and "similarity" of Gestalt principle by the results of statistical analysis, and supplemented by the "realism" of documentary photography depending on variables. In the second stage, the selected 33 pattern codes were divided into three groups including "similarity vs closure", "similarity vs realism", "closure vs realism". To use eye tracking experiments to obtain heat map and fixation time parameter. And analyzing the subject's visual fixation distribution area when watching the image. Secondly, assessing Self-Emotional Scale was arranged to evaluate the pleasure and arousal degree of subjective perception of watching image vision with Gestalt principles. The third stage, difference analysis of visual fixation and gaze distribution area, evaluation of the visual representation of Gestalt principles based on eye movement response information. The results of this study showed that there are significant differences in the visual fixation of documentary images in response to the principles of Gestalt Theory. The viewer's "closure" documentary images of Gestalt principles focused more on the facial features of the subject, and at the same time had more intense in pleasure and arousal degree. Subjects in the "similarity" image were dispersed to the overall vision. The perception of transition between "phantom" and "entity" through viewing experience was easily overlooked by focus shift. To sum up the results of exploring the photographic expression form of Gestalt theory, the visual cognition of Gestalt principles has the construction form of image aesthetics and compositional element pattern, which makes it better express the appropriateness of the theme when shooting the theme image. And through the documentary images taken in this study to analyze and explore the relationship of image aesthetics. Reconstructing contemporary documentary photography to practice in the visual form developed by Gestalt theory. It can be used as a reference for the development pattern of photography aesthetics
An action research on improving the reading ability of first-grade elementary school students by designing mind map e-book teaching materials and integrating them into Mandarin teaching
No full text[[abstract]]本研究旨在透過Smart Apps Creator設計心智圖電子書教材並融入國語科教學以提升國小一年級學生的閱讀理解能力，藉此了解學生對於國語課文的學習歷程與表現成果。本研究採取行動研究法，以臺中市某國小一年級的29位學生為研究對象，研究時間為期6週，每週2節，每節教學時間40分鐘。資料的蒐集分為量化與質性兩個部分，量化資料的蒐集以學童於研究前後接受「閱讀理解測驗甲乙式」測驗進行；質性資料的蒐集則從每課的「心智圖學習單」、「學生回饋單」及「教師教學省思札記」等進行。最後再將蒐集到的量化資料以相依樣本t檢定進行分析，並加以質性資料的統整歸納以作為研究結果的佐證。
本研究結果如下：
一、以Smart Apps Creator設計心智圖電子書教材融入國語教學能有效提升國小一年級學生的閱讀理解能力。
二、以Smart Apps Creator設計心智圖電子書教材融入國語教學能提升學生的學習動機。
三、以Smart Apps Creator設計心智圖電子書教材融入國語教學有助於研究者的省思與成長[[abstract]]This study aims to improve the reading comprehension ability of first-grade elementary school students through the designing of mind map e-book teaching materials through Smart Apps Creator and integrate them into the teaching of Mandarin Chinese, so as to understand the students' learning process and performance results of Mandarin texts. This research adopts the method of action research, and takes 29 first-grade students of an elementary school in Taichung City as the research objects. The research time lasts for 6 weeks, with 2 sessions per week, and the teaching time for each session is 40 minutes. The collection of data is divided into two parts, quantitative and qualitative. The collection of quantitative data is carried out by students taking the "Reading Comprehension Test A and B" test before and after the study; the collection of qualitative data is from the "Mind Map Study Sheet" in each lesson, The "Student Feedback Sheet" and "Teacher's Teaching Reflection Notes" were carried out. Finally, the collected quantitative data was analyzed by dependent sample t-test, and qualitative data were integrated and summarized as evidence of the research results.
The results of this study are as follows:
1. Using Smart Apps Creator to design mind map e-book teaching materials and integrating them into Mandarin teaching can effectively improve the reading comprehension ability of first-year elementary school students.
2. Using Smart Apps Creator to design mind map e-book teaching materials and integrating them into Mandarin teaching can improve students' learning motivation.
3. Using Smart Apps Creator to design mind map e-book teaching materials and integrating them into Mandarin teaching will help researchers reflect and grow
A Study of Emotional Labor, Job Stress and Job Burnout on Senior High and Vocational School Teachers
No full text[[abstract]]"本研究旨在探討高中職教師情緒勞務、工作壓力與工作倦怠之關係，主是採用問卷調查法進行研究，首先根據文獻擬定研究架構，完成「高中職教師情緒勞務、工作壓力與工作倦怠之研究問卷」，問卷發放的方式以隨機抽樣的方式對高中職教師實施問卷調查，有效問卷回收數210份，統計方法採用敘述性統計、因素分析、信度分析、Pearson相關分析、及迴歸分析。
經統計分析後，研究的結果如下：
一、高中職教師情緒勞務與工作壓力，為顯著正相關。
二、高中職教師情緒勞務與工作倦怠，為顯著正相關。
"[[abstract]]"The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship among emotional labor, job stress and job burnout on senior high and vocational school teachers. The questionnaire method is applied to collect data. At first, conceptual framework is established according to the literature review to design the questionnaire. The questionnaires are dispatched to the teachers by simple random sampling and 210 valid ones are taken back. Statistical methods used in this study are descriptive statistics, factor analysis, reliability analysis, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and regression analysis.
The results of the study are as follows:
1. There is a significant correlation between teachers’ emotional labor and job stress.
2.There is a significant correlation between teachers’ emotional labor and job burnout."
Big Data-Driven Innovation to Capture User-Experience for Market Strategic Decision : An Empirical Study for Healthcare Information Industry
No full text[[abstract]]競爭力市場是推動形成企業戰略決策的動因的主要原因。為了確保整合者/促進者在擁有相關利益方的競爭優勢中仍然擁有競爭優勢。特別是根據市場類型的角度，包括利益相關者，業務和背景的方面來檢查和構建設計問題。數據挖掘機制被用於了解加強產品戰略決策的另一重要規則。同時，有用的管理洞察力支持制定戰略決策。這些結果可以幫助企業將資源和重新分配資源用於高潛力的客戶和業務。並確定公司在市場上的地位及其期望和失誤。然後繼續下一步，以客戶為目標，高潛力客戶，新市場或產品線開發等方式，加大市場銷售力度。本研究的局限性在於這個框架的多維度和數據收集的約束。該框架應該一起適用於所有玩家的考慮。這家公司是市場的領導者，市場領導者的戰略是不同的市場挑戰者，市場追隨者和市場更好。[[abstract]]The competitiveness market is the main reason driving motivation forming firm’s strategic decision. In order to ensure the integrator/ facilitator still own the competitive advantage among thress stakeholders. In particular, aspects of stakeholders, business and the context were included to inspect and structure the design problem according to the market type perspective. The data mining mechanism was used to find out another important rules for enhancing strategic deciosn of product. At the same time, the useful management insight to support making the strategic decision. The results could assist the firms to leverage the resouces and reallocation resource to highly potential customers and business line. And to identify the company’s position of the market and its expectation and misson. Then proceed to next step, to anlaysis the targeting customer, high potential customer, where new market will be or product line development and so on to increase market sales. The limitation of this study is the multi-dimention of this framework and the constraints of data collection. The framework should be applied to all player consideration together. This company is a market leader, the strategy of market leader is different market challenger , market follower and market nicher
Discussion on Participation Motivation, Social Capital and Value Creation of Members in Multi-Level Marketing -Take P Company as an Example
No full text[[abstract]]良好的績效，多仰賴參與P公司旗下多層次傳銷會員的經營。參與P公司多層次傳銷的會員背景不盡相同，且數量龐大，卻能齊心協力朝向共同目標邁進，其參與動機，和參與多層次傳銷對其帶來的影響，值得探討。
本研究訪談五位P公司之傳銷商經營者，透過分析其訪談內容，探討P公司之傳銷商如何使用既有的社會資本，開創新的社會資本，同時以此創造價值之過程。
研究結果顯示，個人參與P公司多層次傳銷之動機，可分為內在動機與外在動機兩個面向，例如:因獲得學習新知識的機會而加入，或受到人際關係影響而加入等。社會資本的部分可分為創造、維持及運用三個面向，例如:成員能藉由加入P公司培養人際關係，拓展新人脈，且組織間成員彼此信任、互利互惠，使組織間成員關係更穩健等。最後，參與P公司多層次傳銷的價值創造可由三個獲得，分別是:個人價值、事業價值，以及家庭價值，例如:受訪者表示加入P公司多層次傳銷有助於發掘他們個人的潛力，增進他們原本的事業業績和服務品質，家庭生活品質得以維持和提升等。希望本研究能為有興趣探討多層次傳銷領域的研究者，提供不同面向的研究結果，並藉由有效運用理論，協助企業提高其成員參與動機，教導成員如何運用、維繫和創造社會資本，並創造價值。[[abstract]]Good performance often depends on the members who participates in the operation of multi-level marketing (MLM) of Company P. Although the backgrounds behind the members participating in MLM of Company P are totally different, and the numbers of the members are huge, but they can still move forward and work together to reach the same goal. Their participation motivation and the impact of participation in MLM are worth exploring.
This study has interviewed five distributors in Company P. Explores how distributors in Company P create value using existing social capital and create new social capital, by analyzing the content of their interviews.
The result shows that the motivation for individuals to participate in MLM of Company P can be divided into two aspects, which are internal motivation and external motivation. Such as join for the opportunity to learn new knowledge or being affected by interpersonal relationships. The part of social capital can be divided into three aspects: creation, maintenance, and application. For example, members can cultivate interpersonal relationships and expand new contacts by joining Company P, and the members of the organization trust and mutually beneficially, to make the relationship between the members of the organization more stable. Finally, the value creation of participating in the MLM of Company P can be obtained by three, which are personal value, business value, and family value. For example, respondents said that joining Company P MLM helps to explore their personal potential, improves their business performance and service quality, then maintains and promotes their family living quality.
Hope this research can provides research results in different aspects to researchers interested in exploring the field of MLM, and assists enterprises to improve the motivation of their members' participation through the effective application of theories, teach members how to use, maintain and create social capital and create value
The Influence of Leadership Behavior on Employee Turnover Intention and the Mediating Effects of Job Satisfaction and Organizational Commitment in the Educational Sector
No full text[[abstract]]研究目的—本研究的目為研究領導行為對蒙古教育部門員工離職意願的影響。
設計/研究方法/途徑—本研究使用量化方法來檢驗提出的假設。本研究使用出及資料蒐集法來蒐集資料。
研究限制—首先，本研究在蒙古進行，該國的人口能代表蒙古的城市和農村人口。 其次，本研究探討員工離職傾向。最後，本研究關注員工離職意願。本研究對象僅限於蒙古的受訪者。
研究發現—本研究結果可為工作滿意度、領導行為和組織承諾如何幫助理解影響員工離職意向的因素上提供一些新的見解，從而對這些影響因素採取行動以抑制離職意向。本研究焦點放在蒙古一向要求很高的教育部門，員工有機會經常在公司之間轉換工作職位，讓職員更換率升高。
原創性/價值—有限的研究探討了關於與蒙古教育部門相關的員工離職意向。 本研究有助於更加瞭解影響蒙古國中小學員工（教師）離職意願的因素。領導行為、組織承諾和工作滿意度等幾個變數對員工離職意願的影響乃為本研究的主要焦點。[[abstract]]Purpose – This study aims to examine the influence of leadership behavior on employee turnover intention in the Educational Sector in Mongolia.
Design/Methodology/approach – This study utilizes a quantitative method to examine the proposed hypotheses. This study uses primary data collection to gather the data.
Research limitations – Firstly, this research will be conducted in Mongolia, whose population rightfully represents both the urban and rural populations of Mongolia. Secondly, this research will explore employee turnover intention. Finally, this study only focuses on employee turnover intention. This research is limited to the respondents only in Mongolia.
Findings – The findings of this study will provide some new insights into how job satisfaction, leadership behavior, and organizational commitment can help to understand the factors that influence the employees’ turnover intention and then act on those influencers to suppress the Turnover Intention. This study focuses on the time-demanding educational sector in Mongolia, where employees get opportunities to switch between companies frequently, thus increasing turnover.
Originality/value – Limited studies have explored employee turnover intention related to Educational Sector in Mongolia. This study produces a better understanding of factors impacting Employee (Teacher) turnover intention in Elementary and Secondary schools in Mongolia. The influences of several variables, such as leadership Behavior, Organizational commitment, and Job Satisfaction on Employee Turnover Intention are the main focus of this study
使用社交機器人輔助兒童情緒學習：後設分析
No full text[[abstract]]This meta-analysis follows PRISMA guidelines to synthesize, analyze, and provide much needed information and data about the different interventions used, the robot’s role(s) in these interventions, and the utility of the social robots in successful interventions for the purposes of social and emotional learning with young children. Teaching pedagogy is an important component of this research as it will be used to inform future research. The results of this meta-analysis will inform both researchers and practitioners alike which program design, teaching pedagogy, and target populations for which utilizing social robots for the purposes of improving social and emotional learning for young students will be most impactful and meaningful. Further, the results of this study will inform researchers, psychologists, and educators how they can incorporate these findings into their applied practice (e.g., in the classroom or in clinical settings with students) and/or for their future research. This meta-analysis can help to identify which research questions related to this topic have already been answered and where some of the research gaps remain. In a future study to be conducted by the principal investigators of this study, the results of this meta-analysis will be used to design and plan teaching pedagogy and social robot-based interventions for teaching social and emotional learning to young children in a kindergarten in Taichung, Taiwan. [[note]]科技部[[note]]2022-08-01～2023-07-3
強腎鏈始創計畫：以多中心隨機臨床試驗驗證結合醫療大數據、人工智能、與區塊鏈技術所架構之臨床腎病照護平台--強腎鏈始創計畫：以多中心隨機臨床試驗驗證結合醫療大數據、人工智能、與區塊鏈技術所架構之臨床腎病照護平台(3/4)
No full text[[abstract]]台灣的末期腎病發生率與盛行率高居全球第一，每年花費健保逾五百億台幣但未見腎病的顯著改善，主因在缺乏系統性之全幅數據。此計畫預建構「強腎鏈」，串聯大數據、區塊鏈架構、人工智能建構平衡數據產生者與數據使用者之互惠數據生態圈，為全球第一個以區塊鏈架構為基礎之血液透析照護平台，並將進行隨機臨床試驗。與現今腎病治療相較，此計畫能透過全距數據收集平台結合人工智能技術加強醫護與患者之連結，整合各項生理影像數據與基因資訊間，即時預測以輔助醫師提供精確的預防、診斷與治療，大幅提升病人自我照護能力期望「強腎鏈」能顯著減少透析患者急慢性併發症、改善患者生活品質，最終增加其健康餘命，成為全球血液透析智能照護的示範。 [[note]]科技部[[note]]2022-07-01～2023-06-3
利用Caco-2/HT29-MTX共培養細胞模式探討白楊素和槲皮素維持腸道恆定的作用機轉-以發炎腸道組織和糞便細菌衍生的胞外囊泡為主
No full text[[abstract]]已知腸道微環境的改變是發炎性腸道疾病致病機轉之一。考量到複雜的腸道微環境因子，申請人擬收集今年度(110年)進行結腸炎動物的腸道組織，分離其腸道上皮細胞衍生的胞外囊泡和糞便細菌外膜囊泡，以更能代表體內腸腔物質來處理Caco-2/HT29-MTX共培養的細胞，進一步深入探討膳食補充白楊素和槲皮素後，調節結腸炎之腸道微環境改變的相關分子機轉，釐清白楊素和槲皮素在維持腸道環境恆定扮演的角色。 [[note]]科技部[[note]]2022-08-01～2023-07-3