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[[alternative]]The Clinical Application of BioFire� FilmArray� Platform During the COVID-19 Pandemic
No full text[[abstract]]本研究主要利用BioFire® FilmArray®平臺分析在嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎大流行期間，急診患者的呼吸道病毒之病原體分布，以及加護病房患者下呼吸道檢體之病毒或細菌病原體分布情形。在2020年5月至2022年9月至急診室求診患者，年齡分布介於0.1至98歲，以鼻咽拭子檢體利用BioFire® FilmArray® Respiratory Panel （RP）進行檢測，期間測試804位患者，共有225 （27.9%）件陽性結果，其中鼻病毒/腸病毒為最常被測得的病原體，共170 （61.8%）件，接續為腺病毒38 （13.8%）件，SARS-CoV-2 16 （5.8%）件；當SARS-CoV-2 為陽性結果時則利用cobas® Liat® 系統重複測試以確認檢驗結果，從結果可得知以cobas® Liat® SARS-CoV-2 和 influenza A/B核酸檢測以及BioFire® FilmArray® RP結果完全一致，由此可見BioFire® FilmArray® RP可用於偵測SARS-CoV-2。 另外，在2022年4月至12月期間，於加護病房患者年齡分布介於37到85歲，採集其下呼吸道檢體以BioFire® FilmArray® pneumonia panel （PP）檢測並分析其病原體分佈的分佈情形，測試件數為54件，共25（46.3%）件陽性結果，克雷伯氏肺炎菌群、綠膿桿菌及金黃色葡萄球菌為測試期間最常見的病原體，分別共有8 （16.3%）件，接續為大腸桿菌共5（10.2 %）件。總體而言，BioFire® FilmArray® RP and PP 可以提升呼吸道多重感染的偵測能力，不論感染病症由病毒或非典型之細菌所引起。在嚴重特殊傳染性肺炎大流行期間，這兩項檢測對於急診和加護病房患者提供了病原體的快速檢測，同時亦可以加強臨床治療決策，以提供患者最適切的照護。[[abstract]]This study was conducted to evaluate the distribution of respiratory viral pathogens in the emergency department and the distribution of viral and bacterial pathogens in lower respiratory tract specimens in ICU during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Between May 2020 and September 2022, patients aged between 0.1 and 98 years arrived at the emergency department of Asia University Hospital, and samples from nasopharyngeal swabs were tested by the BioFire� FilmArray� Respiratory Panel (RP). There were 804 patients for whom the BioFire� FilmArray� RP was tested, and 225 (27.9%) of them had positive results for respiratory viruses. Rhinovirus/enterovirus was the most commonly detected pathogen, with 170 (61.8%) cases, followed by adenovirus with 38 (13.8%), SARS-CoV-2 with 16 (5.8%) cases. SARS-CoV-2 positivity was subsequently retested by the cobas� Liat� system. Our results showed that there was prefect agreement between the detection of SARS-CoV-2 conducted with the cobas� Liat� SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A/B nucleic acid test and the BioFire� FilmArray� RP. Therefore, the BioFire� FilmArray� RP assay is a reliable and feasible method for the detection of SARS-CoV-2. Between April 2022 and December 2022, patients aged between 37 and 85 years in an intensive care unit (ICU) of Asia University Hospital, and specimens from lower respiratory tract were analyzed by the BioFire� FilmArray� pneumonia panel (PP) assay. There were 54 patients for whom the BioFire� FilmArray� PP assay was tested, and 25 (46.3%) of them had positive results for viral and/or bacterial pathogens in lower respiratory tract specimens. Klebsiella pneumoniae group, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus were the most commonly detected pathogen, with 8 (16.3%) cases, respectively, followed by Escherichia coli with 5 (10.2 %) cases. In summary, BioFire� FilmArray� RP and PP assay significantly broaden our capability to detect multiple respiratory infections due to viruses and atypical bacteria. It provides a prompt evaluation of pathogens to enhance patient care and clinical selection strategies in emergency departments and ICU during the COVID-19 pandemic
[[alternative]]DEVELOPMENT OF A MOBILE APPLICATION FOR THE SELF-MANAGEMENT OF MENTAL WELL-BEING: A PILOT STUDY
No full text[[abstract]]The world is striving to overcome the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Yet, the long-term threat of the pandemic to one’s mental health remains ever present, especially in the Filipino community, which still struggles with limited psychological resources, issues of accessibility, and a lack of empirically-based approaches. The study developed an evidence-based mobile mental well-being application called LUNA, which includes components such as mindfulness, journaling, and mood-tracking, known to reduce psychological distress and increase protective factors. Participants aged 20 to 30 from the Philippines were instructed to use LUNA regularly for four weeks. Results show that LUNA significantly increased positive affect and mental well-being but did not have a notable effect on negative affect. Qualitative feedback was also analyzed to provide insights into the efficacy of using LUNA for the self-management of mental well-being. The study concludes by proposing a cross between the therapeutic alliance and the human-computer interaction, called a “synergetic alliance”, which describes the relationship between the mobile mental well-being application and the user, affected by a network of interrelated factors on both ends that subsequently affect mental health outcomes. The study contributes to foundational knowledge of digital mental healthcare by developing a research protocol to guide researchers who want to engage in app development and provide future directions dedicated to the field’s sustainability and advancement.[[abstract]]The world is striving to overcome the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Yet, the long-term threat of the pandemic to one’s mental health remains ever present, especially in the Filipino community, which still struggles with limited psychological resources, issues of accessibility, and a lack of empirically-based approaches. The study developed an evidence-based mobile mental well-being application called LUNA, which includes components such as mindfulness, journaling, and mood-tracking, known to reduce psychological distress and increase protective factors. Participants aged 20 to 30 from the Philippines were instructed to use LUNA regularly for four weeks. Results show that LUNA significantly increased positive affect and mental well-being but did not have a notable effect on negative affect. Qualitative feedback was also analyzed to provide insights into the efficacy of using LUNA for the self-management of mental well-being. The study concludes by proposing a cross between the therapeutic alliance and the human-computer interaction, called a “synergetic alliance”, which describes the relationship between the mobile mental well-being application and the user, affected by a network of interrelated factors on both ends that subsequently affect mental health outcomes. The study contributes to foundational knowledge of digital mental healthcare by developing a research protocol to guide researchers who want to engage in app development and provide future directions dedicated to the field’s sustainability and advancement
[[alternative]]The Mental Process of primary caregivers of children with developmental retardation in co-participating in early intervention
No full text[[abstract]]本研究目的是深入了解主要照顧者在共同參與治療中的動機、態度和相關因素。故採質性研究，對四位受訪者進行半結構深度訪談，並以敘事研究進行分析。研究發現: （1）主要照顧者原生家庭教養方式是影響參與意願、態度的關鍵因素。假設原生家庭是高支持性，主要照顧者內在建構出的父母高責任、高照顧能力的角色形象，促使他們面臨共同參與意願抉擇，會因親職功能不足的失落及責任感加入共同參與；若原生家庭是低支持性，則會為了彌補原生家庭支持性不足的缺憾，期許自己成為高支持性父母，因此當無法給予孩子足夠支持性時，便會因想提升能力加入共同參與。（2）主要照顧者因孩子依附需求，以及責任感、治療效果等擔憂，選擇進班一同參與課程。（3）高責任感父母面臨系統資源不足，會為了補足資源缺乏問題，提升參與意願。（4）主要照顧者在參與意願決策前，瞭解黃金治療期及主要照顧者在早期療育中的重要性，能增加參與意願。（5）負向社會評價會導致主要照顧者抗拒承認異常及參與，相反的也有主要照顧者選擇透過共同參與協助孩子復原，期待藉由擺脫標籤避免負向評價。[[abstract]]This study aims to understand the factors that the willingness and attitudes of primary caregivers with Developmental Delay of Children in co-participating in early intervention.Qualitative research to conduct semi-structured in-depth interviews with four respondents, which were analysed using a narrative research method.In this study: (1) The primary caregiver's family of origin is a key factor influencing willingness and attitude to participate. For example, the primary caregiver grow up in a highly supportive family, the parents of the primary caregiver express an image of high responsibility and caregiving capacity, this will improve the will of the primary caregiver for participate in co-participating due to their loss of parenting function and high responsibility effect by their parents. On the other hand, for the primary caregiver grow up in a lowly supportive family, they will want to make up for the regret about the insufficient support from their original family, hopping themselves become supportive parents. The primary caregiver will want to improve their capability of parenting function and participate in co-participating when they can’t provide enough support for their children. (2) The primary caregiver may choose to participate in the programme because of two main reasons. One is the concerns below, the children’s need for attachment, the primary caregiver’s responsibility, and the effectiveness of the treatment. (3) There is an additive effect between high responsibility parents and the lack of resources in the system, increasing the willingness for the primary caregiver to participate. (4) Before participating in the decision, the primary caregiver understands the golden period and their importance of participating in early intervention, will increase their willingness to participate. (5) Negative social evaluations will lead to some primary caregivers being resistant to acknowledging abnormalities and participating, while some primary caregivers choose to help their children recover by participating together, hoping to avoid negative labels
[[alternative]]Exploring the Impact of Virtual Reality Experience on University EFL Students' Intercultural Awareness, Autonomous Learning, and Language Performance
No full text[[abstract]]台灣和印尼長期以來保持緊密的關係，最近的台灣新南向政策顯著增加了兩國之間的互動。因此，瞭解印尼文化對台灣學生來說至關重要。不幸的是，大多數教學資源只強調以母語為講者的國家文化，剝奪了學生提高對其他國家（尤其是印尼）的跨文化意識能力的機會。為了提高學生的跨文化意識能力，幫助他們能夠融入多元化的社會，EFL教師必須為學生提供適當的真實學習資源。良好的跨文化溝通能力中，其中一項最重要的能力是聆聽。具有強大的聽力理解能力可以提高生產力，增強學生在沒有誤解的情況下進行清晰溝通的能力。聽眾必須啟動長期記憶，以生成理解訊息所需的正確連接，這可以通過虛擬實境（VR）提供的存在感來實現。此外，由於拼字、語言理解、詞彙和解碼方面存在困難，EFL學生在閱讀理解方面面臨困難（Shore&Sabatini，2009）。因此，本研究的目的是探討虛擬實境學習平台"CoSpacesEdu"如何增強EFL學生的跨文化意識、學習者的自主能力和語言表現，特別是在聽力和閱讀理解方面。本研究的參與者是台灣中部的72名大學新生。學生被分為實驗組和對照組。學生有四個場景可供探索，並在探索場景時可以使用聽力功能聽到所讀的材料。還提供了當地語言的真實影片、圖片和語音錄音。收集了前後跨文化意識問卷以分析學生的跨文化意識。進行了前後聽力和閱讀理解測驗，以評估學生的語言表現。學生還被要求每週在線寫反思日誌，以分析他們對學習經驗的感知。之後，學生被要求通過"CoSpacesEdu" VR應用程式進行六週的自主學習。所收集的數據使用SPSS-T檢定進行分析。研究結果顯示：（1）"CoSpacesEdu"顯著提高了VR學生的聽力和閱讀理解能力，（2）"CoSpacesEdu"通過提供真實而身臨其境的文化學習環境，增強了VR學生對印尼的跨文化意識，（3）VR學習經驗發現在引導學生成為自主學習者方面更為有效。因此，研究結果可能激發研究人員和EFL教師積極將虛擬實境融入語言和文化課堂，以提高學生的表現和知識。[[abstract]]Taiwan and Indonesia have long maintained a close relationship, and the recent Taiwan New Southbound Policy has increased interaction between the two nations significantly. Thus, learning about Indonesian culture is crucial for Taiwanese students. Unfortunately, most teaching resources only highlight the cultures of the native speaker’ nations, denying students the chance to improve their intercultural awareness (ICA) skills of other nations, especially Indonesia. In order to improve students' ICA abilities and help them become ready to integrate into diverse society, it is crucial that EFL teachers give their students access to the proper authentic learning resources.One of the most important abilities to have for good cross-cultural communication is listening. Having strong listening comprehension skills can boost productivity and enhance students' ability to communicate clearly without misunderstandings. Listeners must activate long-term memory in order to generate the right connections necessary to comprehend a message, which can be accomplished through the sense of presence afforded by VR. In addition, due to difficulties with spelling, language comprehension, vocabulary, and decoding, EFL students struggle with reading comprehension. (Shore & Sabatini, 2009). Hence, the purpose of this study was to examine how "CoSpacesEdu," a VR learning platform, enhanced EFL Students' ICA, learners' autonomy, and language performance, especially for listening and reading comprehension.The participants of this study were seventy-two university fresh-man in central Taiwan. Students were divided into two groups: experimental and control group. There were four scenes for students to explore, and while exploring the scenes, students have access to listening features that enable them to hear the material being read out. There were also authentic videos, images, and voice recording of the local languages. Pre- and post-ICA questionnaires were collected to analyzed students’ ICA. Pre- and post-listening and reading comprehension tests were administered to asses students’ language performance. Students were also asked to write online reflective journal every week to analyze their perceptions of the learning experience. After that, students were given an instruction to study autonomously through the CoSpacesEdu VR application six weeks. The data collected were analyzed using SPSS –T-Test.The results of the findings were (1) "CoSpacesEdu" significantly improved VR students' listening and reading comprehension, (2) "CoSpacesEdu" enhances VR students' ICA about Indonesia by providing an authentic and immersive cultural learning environment, and (3) VR learning experience was found to be more effective in guiding students toward becoming autonomous learners. Therefore, the research findings may inspire researchers and EFL instructors to actively incorporate VR into the language and cultural classroom to improve students' performance and knowledge
[[alternative]]Research on Samsung's Corporate Social Responsibility, Brand Relationship Quality and Behavioral Intention - Taking Samsung Global Goals as an Example.
No full text[[abstract]]近年來改善經濟、社會以及環境，達到永續發展的目標已經為世界各國所重視的責任。三星在2019年與聯合國開發計劃署，推出以教育和捐贈為目標的Samsung Global Goals應用程式，共同推動SDGs。三星期待年輕人使用手機APP不只限於日常通訊、休閒、娛樂紓壓，而是一起推動社會變革，社會產生積極影響，本研究想探討Samsung Global Goals對三星的企業社會責任、品牌關係品質，以及消費者的行為意圖之間的關係，以及消費者對SDGs形象的認知對三星企業社會責任、品牌關係品質、態度、慾望與行為意圖是否呈現正向影響。本研究之研究對象為使用三星手機的用戶，藉由線上問卷蒐集分析樣本，使用非隨機抽樣當中的滾雪球抽樣共回收線上問卷191份。本研究採用描述性統計、信效度分析與整體模型徑路分析，發現以下結果：企業社會責任對品牌關係品質呈顯著正向影響、品牌關係品質對消費者態度呈顯著正向影響、消費者態度對消費慾望呈現顯著正向影響、消費慾望對消費者行為意圖呈現顯著正向影響、消費者對SDGs形象的認知對三星企業社會責任、品牌關係品質、態度、慾望與行為意圖並無顯著正向影響。最後本研究向三星以及後續研究者提出相對的建議，希望有助於SDGs和Samsung Global Goals之後的推動。[[abstract]]In 2019, Samsung and the United Nations Development Program launched the Samsung Global Goals app aimed at education and donations to jointly promote SDGs. The relationship between consumers' behavioral intentions, and whether individual consumers' image of Samsung's SDGs will be a disturbing factor. The research objects of this study are users who use Samsung mobile phones. Samples were collected and analyzed through online questionnaires. A total of 191 online questionnaires were recovered using snowball sampling in non-random sampling. The results of this study are as follows: The impact of corporate social responsibility on brand relationship quality, brand relationship quality on consumer attitudes, consumer attitudes on consumption desires, and consumption desires on consumer behavior intentions, the above assumptions are valid, and consumer's SDGs image has no significant positive effect on corporate social responsibility, brand relationship quality, attitude, desire and behavioral intention. Finally, this study puts forward relative suggestions to Samsung and subsequent researchers, hoping to contribute to the promotion of SDGs and Samsung Global Goals
[[alternative]]Comparison of the Effectiveness of Leisure Courses and Activities for the Spiritual Growth of Visually Impaired People- Use Well-Being, Anti-Depression, and Psychological Adjustment as Assessment Tools
No full text[[abstract]]健康不再是只看身體數據，而是還包含心理健康與社交互動，其中心理健康有許多專家學者由各個面向進行研究，是個複雜又難以詳細訴說的事物，心理生病能對身體其他機能連帶也會受到影響，因此除了身體健康以外，心理也是很重要的一環。本研究以視覺障礙者為研究對象，進行心靈成長休閒課程與活動之比較，旨在探討心靈成長休閒課程與活動對於視覺障礙者之影響差異，以心理幸福感、抗憂鬱、心理調適作為參考依據，並以深度訪談方式來瞭解視覺障礙者對於心靈成長休閒課程與活動之認知概況，及透過課程或活動是否能達到心理幸福感、抗憂鬱、心理調適等。本研究提出以下問題：一、心靈成長休閒課程與活動對於視障者之影響。二、視障者參與心靈成長休閒課程與活動之學習阻礙及因應政策。三、分析視障者如何透過心靈成長休閒課程與活動來達到心理幸福感提升、抗憂鬱及心理調適。而研究結論為：一、心靈成長休閒課程與活動對於視障者具有正向的幫助。二、視障者參與心靈成長休閒課程與活動之學習阻礙，為交通方面、較少針對視障者設計之課程或活動、缺乏同伴陪同參與。三、視障者大多參與心靈成長休閒靜態課程為主，較少參與戶外休閒動態活動。[[abstract]]Health is no longer just about physical data, but also includes mental health and social interaction. Mental health is studied by many experts and scholars from various aspects. It is a complex and difficult thing to tell in detail. Mental illness can also affect other functions of the body. will be affected, so in addition to physical health, psychology is also a very important part. This study takes the visually impaired as the research object, and compares the spiritual growth leisure courses and activities, aiming to explore the difference in the influence of spiritual growth leisure courses and activities on the visually impaired, taking psychological well-being, anti-depression, and psychological adjustment as reference. , and through in-depth interviews to understand the cognitive profile of visually impaired people on spiritual growth leisure courses and activities, and whether they can achieve psychological well-being, anti-depression, and psychological adjustment through courses or activities. This study asks the following questions:1. The influence of spiritual growth leisure courses and activities on the visually impaired.2. Learning obstacles and corresponding policies for visually impaired persons to participate in spiritual growth leisure courses and activities.3. To analyze how the visually impaired can achieve psychological well-being, anti-depression and psychological adjustment through spiritual growth leisure courses and activities.The study concluded that:1. Leisure courses and activities for spiritual growth are of positive help to the visually impaired.2. Learning obstacles for visually impaired persons to participate in spiritual growth leisure courses and activities, for transportation, less courses or activities designed for visually impaired persons, and lack of companions to accompany them to participate.3. The visually impaired mostly participate in leisure and static courses for spiritual growth, and less in outdoor leisure and dynamic activities
[[alternative]]Drink away your worries? The effectiveness of reducing alcohol consumption with a goal of obtaining steady employment, a case study of the Taichung city vagrants.
No full text[[abstract]]筆者從事輔導遊民就業的服務過程中，發覺遊民個案常因為酗酒的習慣而失業，甚至無法持續穩定就業，最終前功盡棄，達不到自立更生、脫離街道生活的目標，是導致遊民無法邁入正常生活的關鍵因素。因此，利用這次進修亞洲大學社會工作學系研究所的機會，希望能夠更深入探討遊民的成因以及遊民酗酒相關的議題。基於上述之研究動機，本論文之研究目的包括以下四個方向之探討：(一)探討遊民之成因與困境；(二)探討遊民減酒與就業之關連性；(三)從遊民減酒服務過程中，探討其減酒與就業之改變歷程；(四)期望將研究之結果，能作為將來推動遊民相關之社會工作暨就業服務之參考。本論文採用質性研究法，針對就業服務之三位遊民個案，採用半結構式深度訪談法蒐集資料，再進行主客觀分析與反思，最後作成本次研究的結論與建議，包含以下四個層面：(一)關於遊民之成因與困境，本論文研究認為每一位遊民背後都有一段悔不當初的回憶往事，包含他們個人偏差的行為、家庭關係的劇變以及個人經濟落難等因素，直接影響其生涯的發展，最終成為遊民。(二)關於遊民減酒與就業之關連性，本論文認為減酒之目的不在於戒斷酒癮，乃在於鼓勵遊民個案自我節制飲酒的頻率、降低飲酒的量，以達到持續穩定就業之目標。(三)關於遊民減酒與就業之改變歷程，本論文研究發現遊民喝酒有助於入眠，乃是穩定就業的催化劑。(四)關於研究之建議，本論文研究發現遊民減酒有助於求職成功，因此主張遊民減酒團體工作應提前到求職的階段實施，並且強調推動減酒更勝於戒酒。[[abstract]]In the process of providing employment counseling services for homeless people, I found that homeless people often lose their jobs due to alcoholism, and they often struggle to maintain a stable employment. In the end, all previous efforts to help homeless people become self-sufficient were wasted. The goal of the Social Service Organizations to help homeless people to be self-reliant and life away-from-the-streets often failed miserably. While studying at the Graduate School of the Department of Social Work at Asia University, I was caring for several homeless people for their room and board and oversaw their return to society by helping them find steady job employment. I took advantage of this opportunity by embarking on a case study on the relationship between alcoholism and the prospect of steady employment amongst homeless people.Based on the above research motives, the research objectives of this thesis include the following four directions: (1) To discuss the causes and plight of homeless people; (2) To discuss the relationship between drinking reduction and employment for the homeless people; (3) To compare the process of alcohol reduction and the process of alcohol abstaining with respect to future steady employment for the homeless; (4)The prospect of my research results be used as a reference for Social Work and Employment Services with regards to homeless people in the future.This paper adopts the qualitative research method and uses the semi-structured in-depth interview method to collect data for three case studies of homeless people in job seeking and steady employment. This paper also conducts subjective and objective analysis, and finally makes suggestions based on the conclusion of this research results. The conclusions have the following four levels: (1) With respect to the causes and plight of the homeless, this thesis concludes that behind every homeless person there is a regretful memory of the past, including their personal deviant behavior, drastic changes in family relationships, and personal financial difficulties. These factors will directly affect their employment prospects, career development, and eventually lead them to become vagrants. (2) Regarding the relationship between alcohol reduction and employment amongst homeless people, this paper concludes that the purpose of alcohol management is not to abstain from alcohol consumption, but to encourage them to be self-restraint in frequency and the amount of drinking, with a goal of sustainable and stable employment.(3) This study concludes that reduced amount of drinking can help them sleep better which would result in better work attitude and in turn would lead to a stable employment.(4) The research study and hence this thesis indicates that reduced level of alcohol consumption for homeless people would help them in job seeking and eventually holding on to their jobs. Therefore, based on the case study, it is suggested that alcohol reduction method rather than alcohol abstaining method should be adopted by the Social Service Organizations to help homeless and jobless people return to the job market more quickly and more efficiently
[[alternative]]The Relationship between the Effect of Price Recovery after Ex-right and Ex-dividend and Stock Price Momentum
No full text[[abstract]]本研究探討股票除權息前價格動能對填權息效果的影響，以台灣上市櫃公司 (不含金融股) 為樣本，股價動能包含1、2、3、6及12個月的期間報酬，填權息效果包括首次及完全填權息的異常報酬與原始報酬，以及所需天數，使用迴歸分析，控制其他影響填權息效果的因素，結果發現：除權息前越近期的動能越強，則首次填權息的異常報酬越大、填權息天數越少，而原始報酬也越大，但原始報酬衡量的填權息天數卻越多，與理論的看法相反，基於考量市場多空狀況的影響較具一般性與周延性，故本研究認為實證結果應是考慮異常報酬下的天數較合理，即除權息前越近期的動能越強，則首次填權息所需天數越少。完全填權息的部分，結果也顯示近期動能對填權息的原始報酬正向影響較大，而所需天數則只受到一個月動能的正向影響，故確應考慮市場多空的影響。以上結果也指出首次填權息和完全填權息的報酬和天數受到先前動能的影響也有不同。本研究實證結果可提供想利用除權息事件賺取超額報酬的投資人參考，建議投資人必須同時考量整體股市的情況，才能利用除權息前的動能表現及其期間長短來擬定投資策略。[[abstract]]This study explores the impact of stock price momentum before ex-right and ex-dividend on the effects of price recovery after ex-right and ex-dividend. Taking Taiwanese listed companies (excluding financial stocks) as samples, stock price momentum includes 1, 2, 3, 6 and 12-month period returns. The first and complete price recovery effects include the abnormal returns and original returns as well as the number of days required after ex-right and ex-dividend. Using regression analyses and control other factors that affect the effects of price recovery, this study finds that the more recent and the stronger the price momentum before the ex-right and ex-dividend, the larger the effects of the first price recovery, including the greater abnormal returns and their fewer days, and the greater original returns, but the more days as measured by the original returns. Contrary to theoretical views, the results based on the consideration of long-short stock market conditions is more general and protracted; therefore, this study believes that the empirical results about the number of days under the consideration of abnormal returns is more reasonable. That is, the more recent and stronger the price momentum before the ex-right and dividend, the less days is required to the first price recovery. As to the complete price recovery, the results also show that the recent and stronger the price momentum, the greater positive impact on the original returns of price recovery, while the required number of days is positively affected only by one-month momentum. Thus, the impact of stock market conditions should be considered. The above results also indicate that the impacts of the prior price momentum on the returns and the number of days for the first price recovery and the impacts for the complete price recovery are different. The empirical results of this study can provide a reference for investors who want to use the ex-dividend events to earn excess returns. It is suggested that investors had better consider the overall stock market situation in order to use the price momentum conditions for the various periods before ex-dividend to formulate investment strategies
[[alternative]]Using "Limited Smith-Petersen Osteotomy" to Correct Rigid Spinal Kyphosis in Ankylosing Spondylitis
No full text[[abstract]]前言: 本研究主要在探討採用侷限性史密斯-彼德森截骨術(Limited Smith-Petersen osteotomy)來矯正僵直性脊椎炎患者的嚴重胸腰椎後凸畸形的安全性、有效性和併發症。方法與材料: 自2016年1月1日至2020年12月31日，本研究共選取了18例（男15例，女3例）僵直性脊椎炎併發堅硬的脊柱後凸畸形之患者接受了侷限性史密斯-彼德森截骨術。研究比較了病人手術前及手術後的放射學參數，包括腰椎前凸角度、胸椎後凸角度、胸腰椎後凸角度、薦骨傾斜角度、骨盆傾斜角度、骨盆入射角度、整體脊柱後凸角度和疼痛視覺類比量表之分數，並同時分析手術時間、出血量及其它併發症的發生情況。結果: 所有患者的平均年齡為 42.2±13.4歲;平均手術時間為331.7±87.4分鐘;平均估計失血量為962.2±246.7毫升;平均追蹤時間為 29.6±21.3個月;術前腰椎前凸角度、薦骨傾斜角度和骨盆入射角度平均分別為 23.6°±18.2°、13.3°±15.5°和 48.1°±12.8°，術後增加到 41.2°±18.3°、25.8°±10.4°和 53.4°±13.8°;術前胸椎後凸角度、胸腰椎後凸角度、骨盆傾斜角度、整體脊柱後凸角度平均分別為50.9°±18.5°、30.2°±14.2°、39.6°±10.4°和37.5°±18.7°，術後分別下降至38.0°±19.5°、13.1°±8.0°、28.8°±9.1°和12.6°±8.7°。疼痛視覺類比量表評分由術前的8.8±0.88，術後顯著改善至1.5±0.62。因為上述各項參數的P<0.05，故其差異有顯著的統計學意義。而手術病人中有一位患者出現椎弓根螺釘鬆動和神經根壓迫，故本研究安排了另一次脊柱翻修手術，成功解決了他的背痛和神經症狀。有兩名患者出現硬腦膜撕裂，於手術中當下立即實施硬腦膜縫補修復並臥床休息後於兩週內康復。有一名患者有表淺性傷口感染，使用抗生素治療後痊癒。沒有發現致命死亡、大血管損傷、肺炎和深部傷口感染。所有患者在追蹤訪查12個月後均獲得良好且牢固的骨頭融合。結論: 侷限性史密斯-彼德森截骨術是治療僵直性脊椎炎併發嚴重脊椎後凸畸形患者獲得滿意的截骨矯正角度的一種安全且有效的手術方法。[[abstract]]Introduction:The aim of this study was to investigate the safety, effectiveness , and complications of a method of limited Smith-Petersen osteotomy(LSPO) was used to correct rigid thoracolumbar kyphotic deformities in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS).Materials and Methods:From January 01, 2016 to December 31, 2020, a total of 18 patients (15 males and 3 females) with ankylosing spondylitis and rigid spinal kyphosis in our study underwent the operation of limited Smith-Petersen osteotomy. The radiological parameters, including lumbar lordosis(LL), thoracic kyphosis(TK), thoracolumbar kyphosis(TLK), sacral slope(SS), pelvic tilt(PT), pelvic incidence(PI), global kyphosis(GK), and the visual analogue scale(VAS) were compared from preoperative and postoperative radiograms. The operative time, blood loss and other complications were also analyzed.Results: The mean age of patients was 42.2�13.4 years. The average operative time was 331.7�87.4 minutes. The mean estimated blood loss was 962.2�246.7 ml. The mean follow-up was 29.6�21.3 months. The mean preoperative LL, SS, and PI were 23.6��18.2�, 13.3��15.5�, and 48.1��12.8�, respectively, and increased to 41.2��18.3�, 25.8��10.4�, and 53.4��13.8� postoperatively. The mean preoperative TK, TLK, PT, and GK were 50.9��18.5�, 30.2��14.2�, 39.6��10.4�, and 37.5��18.7�, respectively, and decreased to 38.0��19.5�, 13.1��8.0�, 28.8��9.1�, and 12.6��8.7�postoperatively. The VAS scores were improved significantly from 8.8�0.88 before surgery to 1.5�0.62 after surgery. All above parameters had statistically significant difference because of P< 0.05. There was one patient suffered from pedicle screws loosening and nerve root compression. We arranged another revision spinal surgery to resolve his back pain and nervous symptoms successfully. Two patients had small dura tears and recovered after dura repairment immediately and bed rest . One patient had superficial wound infection and healed after antibiotics use. No fatal mortality, major vessel injury, pneumonia and deep wound infection were noted. All patients had good solid bone fusion after 12 months of follow-up. Conclusion: Limited Smith-Petersen osteotomy(LSPO) was a kind of safe and effective surgical method to obtain satisfactory kyphosis correction in ankylosing spondylitis patient with rigid spinal kyphosis
[[alternative]]The ShanHaiJing characters to environmental issues in pictorial creation
No full text[[abstract]]隨著時代的日益發展，工業與科技的快速發展帶給人無往不利的便利外，卻讓人忽略了環境的保護，如今環境問題已成為人類無可避免的議題。也因隨著社會文明的發展，保護環境的意識也逐漸抬頭，並透過各種表現形式來提醒人們對於環境保護的重要性。2015年，聯合國宣佈2030永續發展目標」（Sustainable Development Goals, SDGs）。因此本研究針對環境議題中所分析出六大類「水污染、空污、核污、森林減少、全球暖化、塑料污染」作為圖像創作的系列主題。 《山海經》作為中國第一奇書，書中記載著千奇百怪的豐富內容提供了學者們許多寶貴的研究資料。《山海經》自古流傳至今版本眾多，當中以明清兩代版本作為本研究之探討範圍，並透過《山海經》相關文獻探討角色應用於環境議題創作的可行性。 故本研究將《山海經》中的角色圖像進行轉換現代圖像元素與環境議題相互結合，創作出全新的《山海經》角色。以《山海經》角色反映出環境議題所帶來的嚴重影響來表達目前環境所面臨的處境，望能透過《山海經》結合環境議題如此另類的表現形式，除了能產生觀者視覺上的衝擊效果，同時也呼籲環境保護對全球的重要性。[[abstract]]The rapid development of industry and technology has brought us unparalleled convenience but neglected the protection of the environment, which has become an inevitable issue for mankind. In 2015, the United Nations announced the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Therefore, this study focuses on six major environmental issues: water pollution, air pollution, nuclear pollution, dwindling forests, global warming, and plastic pollution, as a series of themes for graphic creation. The Shanhaijing, as the most curious book in China, has provided scholars with many valuable research materials. Among the many editions of the Shanhaijing that have been handed down since ancient times, the Ming and Qing dynasties editions are used as the scope of this study, and the feasibility of applying the characters to the creation of environmental issues is explored through the related literature of the Shanhaijing. Therefore,the characters in Shanhaijing are transformed into modern graphic elements and combined with environmental issues to create a new Shanhaijing character, which reflects the serious impact of environmental issues to express the current environmental situation. Therefore, this study hopes that by combining the Shanhaijing with environmental issues in such an alternative way, it will not only create a visual impact on the viewers, but also appeal to the importance of environmental protection to the world