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"Emazteen fabore"
No full textN/AEtxepare-k idatzi dituen amodiozko olerkietan toki berezi bat dauka Emazteen fabore deritzanak, alde batetik bigarrena delakotz Amorosen gaztiguia-ren ondotik eta, bertze aldetik, zentsuratua izan delakotz Linguae Vasconum primitiae-ren bigarren agerraldian, Gustave Brunet eta Archu-k eginikakoan, 1847-an
Noms basques des plantes, champignons et animaux d'Irati - Iratiko landare, onddo eta ihizien izenak euskaraz: (Essai de lexicographie basque)
No full textCet article, extrait d'un projet de traduction d'un ouvrage sur la forêt d'Irati de H. Laquet-Fiau, comporte la description des lieux, montagnes et eaux, avec leurs principaux toponymes, la liste et le descriptif des arbres, plantes, fleurs, champignons et animaux avec leurs noms latins et la traduction basque. L'annexe présente la traduction et l'explication du vocabulaire spécifique de la botanique, ainsi que la traduction en français des toponymes basques du lieu.Artikulu hunek, H. Laquet-Fiau-k Iratiko oihanaz egina duen liburu baten itzulpenerako egin den lan batetik harturik, emaiten ditu Iratiko leku-izenak, mendi eta ur, bere agerbidekin, hango zuhatz, landare, lore, onddo et ihizien zerrenda eta erakuspena, bere latinezko izenekin eta euskarazko itzulpenarekin. Gainera emaiten dira landarekien hiztegi berezia eta erakuspena, eta hango leku izenen erdarazko itzulpena
EDBL: a General Lexical Basis for the Automatic Processing of Basque
No full textEDBL (Euskararen Datu-Base Lexikala) is a general-purpose lexical database used in Basque text-processing tasks. It is a large repository of lexical knowledge (currently around 80,000 entries) that acts as basis and support in a number of different NLP tasks, thus providing lexical information for several language tools: morphological analysis, spell checking and correction, lemmatization and tagging, syntactic analysis, and so on. It has been designed to be neutral in relation to the different linguistic formalisms, and flexible and open enough to accept new types of information. A browser-based user interface makes the job of consulting the database, correcting and updating entries, adding new ones, etc. easy to the lexicographer. The paper presents the conceptual schema and the main features of the database, along with some problems encountered in its design and implementation in a commercial DBMS. Given the diversity of the lexical entities and the complex relationships existing among them, three total specializations have been defined under the main class of the hierarchy that represents the conceptual schema. The first one divides all the entries in EDBL into Basque standard and non-standard entries. The second divides the units in the database into dictionary entries (classified into the different parts-of-speech) and other entries (mainly non-independent morphemes and irregularly inflected forms). Finally, another total specialization has been established between single-word entries and multiword lexical units; this permits us to describe the morphotactics of single-word entries, and the constitution and surface realization schemas of multiword lexical units.A hierarchy of typed feature structures (FS) has been designed to map the entities and relationships in the database conceptual schema. The FSs are coded in TEI-conformant SGML, and Feature Structure Declarations (FSD) have been made for all the types of the hierarchy. Feature structures are used as a delivery format to export the lexical information from the database. The information coded in this way is subsequently used as input by the different language analysis tools
A New look at Northern Basque Wh-Free Relative Clauses
No full textOrdinary Wh-Free Relative clauses are typically correlative protases, resumed by a pronoun in the apodosis to their right. They sit in the spec. of a Topic head in the left periphery or CP domain of the complex sentence. Their internal structure is shown not be always the same: when they contain a single wh- word, that item occupies another Spec,TopP position, but when there are two of them, they sit in the Spec. of two contiguous QuantifierPs. A lesser known structure is next described, in which a non-topical Wh-FR occurs within an “exotic” phrase which consists of that clause, the conjunction eta and a demonstrative pronoun: those structures are shown not to be the “source” DP of complex correlative sentences, but rather to be CPs with a predicate gap. Thus, Northern Basque standard correlative FRs are always base-generated, whereas the second type suggests a situation which is the mirror image of Bhatt's (2003) derivation of Hindi correlatives
Testuen historia dela-eta: Duvoisinen literatura iruzurrak eta santa Jenobebaren koplak
No full textInternational audienceDuela bizpahiru urte Lapurdum IX.ean santa Elisabetez eta lehenbiziko pastoral zaharrez eginikako lan batean, F. Michelek (1854 eta 1857, 47-48. or.) eta Garcia & Urkizuk (1991, I. liburukia, 46. kantua, 88-89. or.) ezagutarazi santa Jenobeba tragediako kantua aipatu nuen. Adierazten nuen artikulu hartan nire ustez ez zela dudarik iruzur literario baten ondorio zela kantu hura (eta omenkako tragedia hura bera), eta segurenaz ere Duvoisinek artzaintsa xahar baten ahotik bildu zituelako bertso horiek, egiazki, berak bere baitarik osoki asmatu zituela. Geroztik hona ez dut iritzia aldatu; alderantziz. Kopla haien eskuzko kopia bat aurkitu baitut, haien berri eman nahi nuke hemen, aitzinetik egin zen Garzia & Urkizuren (1991) argitalpena [hemendik aitzina G&U], ezagutzen zen bakarra, puntu batean baino gehiagotan zuzentzekoa dela iruditzen baitzait. Azkenean, Duvoisinek euskarazko bertso horientzat idatzi zuen frantsesezko itzulpena ere ekarriko dut hona, Michelek (1854, 1857) egin zuen hitzez hitzeko itzulpen hertsiari ez baitarraio
: Archives de la maison Iriberria de Bascassan
No full textTranscription littérale et notes de Jean-Baptiste Orpustan - Literal transcription and notes of Jean-Baptist OrpustanThis article contains a transcription of several sermons out of XVIIIth century old Basque (Cize country), with notes of the transcriptor. These unpublished texts belong to the files of the Iriberria house in Bascassan.Cet article contient une transcription de plusieurs sermons en basque du XVIIIe siècle (pays de Cize), avec des notes du transcripteur. Ces textes inédits appartiennent aux archives de la maison Iriberria à Bascassan
Lardizabalen gramatikaren iturri, ezaugarri eta helburuak.
No full textInternational audienceArtikulu honetan Lardizabalen gramatika aztertzen da ("Gramática Vascongada", 1855). Lehenik, liburuaren ezaugarri orokorrak eta iturriak aurkezten dira, xehetasun gehiegitan sartu gabe, haatik, ez baitu lan horrek gramatikaren aldetik halako originaltasunik eskaintzen. Bigarrenekorik, liburuaren helburua aipatzen da, soziolinguistika gaietara hurbildurik
Lazarragaren eskuizkribuko zenbait aditz trinko
No full textIn this work we try to describe some synthetic verbs of Lazarraga's manuscript. First, we have collected and classificated them. Then we have explained some of them, in order to describe the variety of Lazarraga's Basque
Les formes non finies du verbe basque
No full textThe Basque verb possesses three non-finite participial forms, which are reminiscent of those habitually displayed by romance languages. However a closer scrutiny will unveil profound differences : (i) in this essentially modular grammar, the question of aspect, which is dealt with by non-finite verb forms, is entirely disconnected from that of valency, which is processed by the auxiliary ; (ii) the agglutinative morphology of the Basque verb originates the formation of a whole range of derived verb forms of all categories with no counterpart in romance languages. This study sketches the general principles along which the system is organized, making it possible to interpret the diversity of verb forms encountered in the terms of a limited number of constructional patterns.Le verbe basque présente trois formes participiales non finies qui semblent faire écho à celles que présente habituellement la typologie des langues romanes. Toutefois examen approfondi fait apparaître des différences essentielles : (i) dans cette grammaire à caractère modulaire, la question de l'aspect participial est totalement déconnectée de celle de la valence de l'auxiliaire ; (ii) la morphologie agglutinante permet la formation d'un nombre considérable de formes dérivées de toutes catégories, inconnues du type roman. Dans cette étude on montre qu'il est possible de proposer une systématique de la construction de l'ensemble du système et de ramener la diversité du paysage morphosyntaxique à quelques principes organisationnels simples