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Inflammatory stimulation of osteoblasts and keratinocytes from a SAPHO patient for implant risk evaluation
No full textThe present report exemplifies a translational method, which could assist the clinical pre-evaluation of patients at risk before surgical interventions. In this study, a presurgical implant decision in a case of SAPHO (synovitis, acne, palmoplantar pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis) is described. Since the etiology of this syndrome is likely to involve genetic, infectious and immunological components, lipopolysaccharides (LPS) may conceptually trigger cytokine production leading to a specific chronic inflammation and immunological host response. This may hamper proper healing or accentuate the destruction of periodontal host tissues. In our approach, we examined the ex vivo cell viability and immune responses of primary osteoblasts and keratinocytes under sterile inflammation induced by P. gingivalis LPS. Keratinocytes and osteoblasts were obtained from biopsies of the keratinized gingiva and alveolar bone tissues of a SAPHO human subject. Enzymatically dissociated cells were thus cultured and incubated to LPS at different concentrations (50ng/ml, 200ng/ml, 500ng/ml and 1µg/ml) for 24 h in order to test inflammatory cytokine response (quantitative real time PCR) and toxicity (cell viability). Healthy primary keratinocytes and osteoblasts were used as control cells. The highest concentration of LPS (1µg/ml) significantly reduced cell viability (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, all tested LPS concentrations similarly enhanced the mRNA expressions of selected inflammatory cytokines (TNFalpha, IL-6, IL-8, IL-1beta and IL-1alpha) up to =~3.5-fold, when compared to the healthy cell controls (p < 0.05). This study demonstrated a valuable inflammatory risk evaluation before implant placement, which was successfully performed based on the presented laboratory diagnostic/prognostic approach
Efficient cleaning of a macro-structured micro-rough dental implant shoulder with a new coronal vertical groove design
No full textThis evaluation assessed the influence of a new implant shoulder design on cleanability using a now established in-vitro study model.
Eight test (Botticelli, Di Meliora AG, Basel, Switzerland) and eight control implants (T3 Osseotite, ZimVie, Winterthur, Switzerland), were embedded in standardized defects in simulated bone. The implant surfaces were painted to be visually distinguishable and debrided with ultrasonic instruments (US) and an air powder waterjet device (AIR). Uncleaned implants served as positive controls. After the standardized cleaning, the implants were photographed and divided into three zones (upper marginal shoulder zone (A); lower marginal shoulder zone (B); fully threaded sub-shoulder zone (C)), and analyzed with an image processing software.
On test implants, AIR was almost 100% efficacious compared to 80-90% with US, in both upper zones (A/B). In control implants, results of both AIR and US were almost 100% in zone A, but only 55-75% in zone B. In both implants, AIR showed statistically significant higher efficacy than US (P<0.05).
Within the limitations of the present in-vitro model, a new macro-structured micro-rough dental implant shoulder with a new coronal vertical groove design shows similar cleanability in comparison to a smooth and machined surface
A 3-year Retrospective Analysis of Dento-Alveolar Injuries at the University Children’s Hospital Zurich (2018-2020)
No full textChildren and adolescents are vulnerable to dental trauma due to their active lifestyles, lack of coordination, and inexperience in recognizing potentially dangerous situations. Early recognition and proper management of dental trauma is crucial in order to minimize the risk of complications and ensure optimal outcomes. The aim of this study was to perform a retrospective analysis of all dento-alveolar injuries in children and adolescents who were treated at the University Children’s Hospital Zurich from 2018-2020 by the resident physicians of the Centre of Dental Medicine of the University of Zurich. All information concerning age and sex distribution, seasonal and weekly variations, as well as aetiology, types of trauma and co-affected structures in the head and neck area from 389 patients was analysed. For data extraction, a parameterised Excel list was created, enabling a continuous data collection. In the study, 65% of the patients were male and 35% female. The average patient age was 7 years and 4 months. The highest frequency of trauma occurred in mixed dentition (49%), followed by deciduous dentition (36%) and permanent dentition (15%). Most of the accidents occurred in the second quarter of the year, especially in the month of May slightly more injuries were reported. The most common injuries were increased tooth mobility (40%) and tooth fractures without pulp exposure (34%). Less frequent were tooth fractures with pulp exposure (12%), lateral dislocations (29%), avulsions (21%), intrusions (8%), extrusions (6%) and root fractures (4%). As in many studies the upper central incisors were most often affected. Main causes of dental trauma were falls, especially by bike (18%) or scooter (14%). Soft tissue injuries or fractures, in the area of the head and neck occurred in 59% and 10% of the cases simultaneously accompanied by dento-alveolar trauma
A survey on toothbrushing practices and dosing of fluoridated toothpaste among preschool children in the cantons of Basel-Stadt and Berne, Switzerland
No full textThis study aimed to evaluate toothbrushing practices and toothpaste dosing among preschool children aged 0-6 years in Switzerland recruited from the Department of General Pediatric and Adolescent Dentistry, University Center for Dental Medicine Basel UZB, and in daycare centers or in private practices located in the canton of Berne. Three hundred parents of children were surveyed about socioeconomic characteristics, their children’s toothbrushing behavior, the use of age-appropriate toothpaste, and whether they were instructed by an oral healthcare professional about appropriate toothbrushing practices and the amount of toothpaste to use. Additionally, the parents were asked to apply toothpaste to two different toothbrushes, one with a narrow and one with a wide brush head, as they usually would at home. The amount of toothpaste was weighed using a portable scale. Over 50% of the parents were not instructed by an oral health care professional on toothbrushing practices and toothpaste dosing. However, nearly all participants used age-appropriate toothpaste. Approximately 50% of the parents of 0- to 2-year-old children applied more than the recommended 0.25 g of fluoridated toothpaste (both brushes, mean ± SD: 0.25 g ± 0.14 g), while two-thirds of the parents of 2- to 3-year-olds (both brushes, mean ± SD: 0.36 g ± 0.23 g) and nearly 90% of the parents of 3- to 6-year-olds applied more than 0.25 g (both brushes, mean ± SD: 0.43 g ± 0.20 g). Overall, parents dispensed more toothpaste on the toothbrush with the wide brush head. The present study suggested that assuming toothpaste as the sole source of fluoride, the amounts generally used are not of concern. However, considering the substantial variation in the amounts of toothpaste applied, oral healthcare professionals should routinely provide instructions on toothbrushing practices and toothpaste dosing during children’s dental examinations
Traditional Media, Twitter, and Four Business Scandals
No full textWe examine how traditional media and Twitter cover four business scandals: Wells Fargo fake accounts, EpiPen pricing hikes, Samsung Note 7 faulty battery, and Volkswagen’s cheating in emission tests. There are over 500 articles from The Wall Street Journal, The New York Times, The Washington Post, and USA Today, and over 400,000 tweets related to these events. We find that traditional media are highly influential. Media organizations, including newspapers, TV networks, and other media outlets, only sent 1% of the scandal-related tweets, but they account for 39% of Twitter users who follow all scandal-related tweets. Newspaper articles rather than individual tweets drew politicians’ attention and preceded additional responses from the troubled firms. The troubled firms also choose TV instead of social media to speak to the public. In contrast, social media appear to play a discovery role. Individual tweets precede newspaper articles but not vice versa. Overall, we conclude that the rise of social media such as Twitter does not diminish the role of traditional media in covering business scandals
Schweizerisches Erbrecht, Mai-August 2023
No full textEntsprechend dem Ziel der «Zeitschriften des Rechts», die von Tag zu Tag anschwellenden und zunehmend verstreuten Veröffentlichungen zum Recht zu sammeln, zu sichten und hieraus eine Auswahl aktuell besonders lesenswerter Texte zu treffen, wird mit dieser Ausgabe eine Auswahl der Schriften zum schweizerischen Erbrecht aus dem Zeitraum Mai-August 2023 vorgelegt.Entsprechend dem Ziel der «Zeitschriften des Rechts», die von Tag zu Tag anschwellenden und zunehmend verstreuten Veröffentlichungen zum Recht zu sammeln, zu sichten und hieraus eine Auswahl aktuell besonders lesenswerter Texte zu treffen, wird mit dieser Ausgabe eine Auswahl der Schriften zum schweizerischen Erbrecht aus dem Zeitraum Mai-August 2023 vorgelegt
From Millennium Development Goals to Sustainable Development Goals: Transforming development communication to sustainability communication
Get PDFAt the highest international political level, the United Nations declared the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in 2015 after having announced (and later not fulfilled) the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in 2000. This shift from the MDGs to the SDGs, in which the term development was replaced by the concept of sustainability, also demands a paradigm shift within the research field of development communication and communication for social change which needs to put the focus on sustainability, embracing the concept of sustainability communication as key when analyzing and practicing social change by the use of communication and media. The article unfolds this argument by explaining the political shift from the MDGs to the SDGs and the relevant research fields analyzing these different goals and then sketching the research areas of development communication and communication for social change as well as the one of sustainability communication. In bringing all these areas together, it is argued that the change of the political goals provokes the above mentioned paradigm shift in the research area of development communication. Transforming development communication into sustainability communication also allows to focus the broad term of communication for social change on a specific aim – which is sustainability
Editorial
Get PDFWe are pleased to present to you the first of the three issues of Studies in Communication Sciences scheduled for publication in 2023. Beginning in 2022 and on a trial basis, SComS begun to publish three issues per year in response to the increased number of submissions. We are continuing our trial which allows us to offer two issues with Thematic Sections which have been very important to our community of readers. This still leaves us another full issue dedicated exclusively to general submissions. In 2023, SComS will publish two Thematic Sections “Old media persistence. Past continuities” in issue 23-3. The Thematic Section in this issue 23-1 is titled: “Historizing international organizations and their communication – institutions, practices, changes”. We have enjoyed receiving very interesting proposals for Thematic Sections. At this moment, we already have Thematic Sections planned for 2024. If you are thinking of organizing one, please plan ahead and we look forward to receiving your proposal
CIESPAL and the development of education and research in communication in Latin America
Get PDFAs a regional international organization focused on education and research, the Centro Internacional de Estudios Superiores de Comunicación para América Latina (CIESPAL) played a key role in institutionalizing the field of communication studies in the so-called “Third World” countries. Founded in 1959, in Ecuador, it is an initiative of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) with the objective of implementing a set of strategies to improve the training of journalists and academics in the area. Referring to the Cold War context, its development was linked to other international organizations and political-cultural entities, which ended up stimulating the formation of an environment marked by relations of cooperation and cooptation, but also by resistance. By reconstructing the 60-year trajectory of this Latin American center, the aim is to show how its role has been dynamic and is related to the political and social changes that have taken place in the region, notably the rise and fall of military dictatorships in South America