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Schweizerisches Familienrecht, Mai-August 2024
No full textEntsprechend dem Ziel der «Zeitschriften des Rechts», die von Tag zu Tag anschwellenden und zunehmend verstreuten Veröffentlichungen zum Recht zu sammeln, zu sichten und hieraus eine Auswahl aktuell besonders lesenswerter Texte zu treffen, wird mit dieser Ausgabe eine Auswahl der Schriften zum schweizerischen Familienrecht aus dem Zeitraum Mai-August 2024 vorgelegt.Entsprechend dem Ziel der «Zeitschriften des Rechts», die von Tag zu Tag anschwellenden und zunehmend verstreuten Veröffentlichungen zum Recht zu sammeln, zu sichten und hieraus eine Auswahl aktuell besonders lesenswerter Texte zu treffen, wird mit dieser Ausgabe eine Auswahl der Schriften zum schweizerischen Familienrecht aus dem Zeitraum Mai-August 2024 vorgelegt
The influence of carbonated beverages on direct dental restorative materials: a systematic review exemplified on Coca-Cola
No full textThe objective of this systematic literature review was to investigate the effect of Coca-Cola on the properties and, more generally, on the integrity of direct dental filling materials. In addition, it aimed to highlight the importance of dietary behaviour in dentistry and, in this context, to identify tangible strategies for action in routine clinical practice. An electronic search was conducted between January 2022 and July 2024. It included the PubMed, Livivo, Directory of Open Access Journals, and ScienceDirect databases, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov and the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, as well as grey literature databases and ResearchGate, further supplemented by the references of the included study articles. In accordance with the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 92 experimental study articles were included in the review, focusing the optical, mechanical, chemical, and biological material properties, but also regarding the surface characteristics and the interface between the restoration and the tooth structure. Given the considerable heterogeneity and in vitro design of the included study articles, it can be demonstrated that Coca-Cola has an effect on the materials under consideration. However, the extent of this influence is highly dependent on the specific restorative materials and the methodology used. The determining factors are accumulated contact time and frequency of exposure, and these factors therefore serve as a critical starting point for preventive measures.
Letter to the editor
No full textLetter to the editor regarding the case report: Bücheli-Kamber R, Meyer-Lückel H, Jaeggi T. Gesamtsanierung bei Amelogenesis imperfecta – Wiederherstellung von Form und Funktion von Zähnen mit hypoplastischer Amelogenesis imperfecta. Ein Fallbericht. Swiss Dent J. 2024 Feb 19; 134 (1): 84-104.Letter to the editor regarding the case report: Bücheli-Kamber R, Meyer-Lückel H, Jaeggi T. Gesamtsanierung bei Amelogenesis imperfecta – Wiederherstellung von Form und Funktion von Zähnen mit hypoplastischer Amelogenesis imperfecta. Ein Fallbericht. Swiss Dent J. 2024 Feb 19; 134 (1): 84-104. https://doi.org/10.61872/sdj-2024-03-0
Fact-checks as Data Source? Content Analysis of Fact-checking Articles in Germany between 2019 and 2023
No full textMisinformation has to be uncovered before it can be used for research purposes. This is a resource intensive process, which is why fact-checks have been a popular data source. They have been used directly as proxy for misinformation and indirectly to identify its sources and analyze its content and spread. However, there is little research on the limitations of fact-checks as a data source. Are there patterns in their topics that might lead to biased research results? How does the fact-checkers’ choice of targeting certain actors and social media platforms influence their article’s content? The study provides answers to these questions. It analyzes fact-checks from four German outlets between 2019 and 2023. The study finds that certain topics appear continuously, while for others coverage is event-driven. Furthermore, political actors are covered only to a small extent and even less when they are the originators of misinformation. Finally, fact-checks focus strongly on misinformation on Facebook and the findings indicate that the topic distribution of fact-checks might be different if other platforms were focused. The article discusses the findings with respect to limitations of fact-checks as a data source and concludes with practical recommendations for future research
University Rents Enabling Corporate Innovation: Mapping Academic Researcher Coding and Discursive Labour in the R Language Ecosystem
No full textThis article explores the role of unrecognised labour in corporate innovation systems via an analysis of researcher coding and discursive contributions to R, one of the largest statistical software ecosystems. Studies of online platforms typically focus on how platform affordances constrain participants’ actions, and profit from their labour. We innovate by connecting the labour performed inside digital platforms to the professional employment of participants. Our case study analyses 8,924 R package repositories on GitHub, examining commits and communications. Our quantitative findings show that researchers, alongside non-affiliated contributors, are the most frequent owners of R package repositories and their most active contributors. Researchers are more likely to hold official roles compared to the average, and to engage in collaborative problem-solving and support work during package development. This means there is, underneath the ‘recognised’ category of star researchers who transition between academia and industry and secure generous funding, an ‘unrecognised’ category of researchers who not only create and maintain key statistical infrastructure, but also provide support to industry employees, for no remuneration. Our qualitative findings show how this unrecognised labour affects practitioners. Finally, our analysis of the ideology and practice of free, libre and open source software (FLOSS) shows how this ideology and practice legitimate the use of ‘university rents’ by Big Tech. In conclusion, we argue that existing mechanisms are insufficient to ensure these digital commons’ sustainability: FLOSS needs broader systemic support
Digitalisierungsfreundliches Recht als Grundlage der digitalen Verwaltung
No full textDie Digitalisierung tangiert alle Lebensbereiche. Mit dem digitalen Wandel der Gesellschaft verändern sich auch die Anforderungen an die Rechtsordnung. Das Recht soll digitale Innovation und den Einsatz neuer Technologien ermöglichen. Gleichzeitig soll der Schutz der Grund- und Menschenrechte erhalten und die demokratischen Rechte gewährleistet bleiben. Rechtsgrundlagen, mit welchen dieser Balanceakt zwischen Innovation und Rechtsschutz im Bereich der Digitalisierung gelingt, werden auch als digitalisierungsfreundliches Recht bezeichnet. Der vorliegende Beitrag gibt einen praxisnahen Einblick in die Anforderungen an digitalisierungsfreundliches Recht im Kontext der Verwaltung und verweist auf mögliche Merkmale von Rechtsgrundlagen, welche die Digitalisierung von administrativen Dienstleistungen und Verwaltungsverfahren ermöglichen und fördern.
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La transformation numérique s\u27étend désormais à l\u27ensemble de la société, suscitant de nouvelles exigences à l\u27égard du système juridique. Le droit est ainsi appelé à favoriser l\u27innovation et l\u27adoption de nouvelles technologies, tout en garantissant la protection des droits fondamentaux et le respect des principes démocratiques. Les bases légales permettant de concilier ces impératifs relèvent du "droit favorable à la numérisation". La présente contribution propose un état des lieux concret de ces exigences et met en lumière les caractéristiques d\u27une législation apte à encourager la numérisation des procédures et des services administratifs
Editorial
Full text linkWe are pleased to introduce the first issue of Studies in Communication Sciences in 2025. This issue features three original research articles in our General Section and one book review, offering valuable insights into the multifaceted field of communication research. The topics range from media effects in direct democracy and the discursive construction of Europe on social media to the decentralization of media policy in Switzerland, reflecting the breadth and interdisciplinary richness of our field. The book review included in this issue stands out not only for its subject—an extensive history of a regional Swiss newspaper—but also for the public debate surrounding its reception
Inequality Matters: The Role of Economic, Social, Cultural, and Person Capital in Explaining Inequalities in the Accessibility and Usability of Digital Health Technologies
No full textThe use of digital health technologies could offer promising ways for sustainable health opportunities. However, the accessibility and use of such technologies differs between groups in society. Previous research indicates that differences in people’s socioeconomic position are associated with the degree to which they have access to and use digital health technology. Inequality in socioeconomic position is often operationalised as differences in economic capital. A more comprehensive definition of inequality that also encompasses differences in social, cultural and person capital provides a richer understanding of the interplay between inequality and the accessibility and use of digital health technology. In this paper we provide a theoretical rationale for the examination of access and use of digital health technology from a social inequality perspective. Specifically, we examine how variations in multiple types of capital may affect one of the leading models on the use of health technology (the UTAUT model) and its predictors. By doing so, we discuss the model in light of social inequalities and aim to contribute to bridging the gap between the literature on the acceptance and use of digital health technology, the digital divide, and social inequality
Non-Cruelty to Animals: A General Principle of (Animal) Law
No full textIn this paper, the author advocates for the recognition of the principle of ‘non-cruelty to animals’ as a General Principle of Law under Article 38(1)(c) of the Statute of the International Court of Justice (ICJ). This principle of ‘non-cruelty to animals’, commonly understood as condemning the unnecessary infliction of suffering on animals, is widely reflected in national legal frameworks, indicating a broad global consensus against cruelty. However, the term ‘unnecessary’ is often applied inconsistently and is open to variable interpretation across jurisdictions. The author therefore proposes interpreting the principle through the lens of avoidability, suggesting a clearer, and in our view more objective standard that suffering should be avoided wherever possible. This reframing would promote a more objective and actionable standard, address subjective exemptions and eliminate activities that cause avoidable suffering to animals, while promoting viable alternatives to animal products and animal-based methods. The author also examines how current anti-cruelty laws are limited, often excluding certain animal groups or exempting practices for traditional, scientific, or economic purposes. By recognizing non-cruelty as a General Principle of Law, the ICJ could officially establish the international value of this principle, ensuring that animal laws consistently reflect a consensual baseline for ethically treating sentient beings. Such recognition would establish non-cruelty as a foundation for new international frameworks, specifically avoiding animal crimes, and would encourage the development of global instruments that universally condemn and prevent animal cruelty. This proposed legal framework would represent a significant advancement in both ethical and legal treatment of animals, affirming a new international commitment to the legal protection of animals as sentient beings.In this paper, the author advocates for the recognition of the principle of ‘non-cruelty to animals’ as a General Principle of Law under Article 38(1)(c) of the Statute of the International Court of Justice (ICJ). This principle of ‘non-cruelty to animals’, commonly understood as condemning the unnecessary infliction of suffering on animals, is widely reflected in national legal frameworks, indicating a broad global consensus against cruelty. However, the term ‘unnecessary’ is often applied inconsistently and is open to variable interpretation across jurisdictions. The author therefore proposes interpreting the principle through the lens of avoidability, suggesting a clearer, and in our view more objective standard that suffering should be avoided wherever possible. This reframing would promote a more objective and actionable standard, address subjective exemptions and eliminate activities that cause avoidable suffering to animals, while promoting viable alternatives to animal products and animal-based methods. The author also examines how current anti-cruelty laws are limited, often excluding certain animal groups or exempting practices for traditional, scientific, or economic purposes. By recognizing non-cruelty as a General Principle of Law, the ICJ could officially establish the international value of this principle, ensuring that animal laws consistently reflect a consensual baseline for ethically treating sentient beings. Such recognition would establish non-cruelty as a foundation for new international frameworks, specifically avoiding animal crimes, and would encourage the development of global instruments that universally condemn and prevent animal cruelty. This proposed legal framework would represent a significant advancement in both ethical and legal treatment of animals, affirming a new international commitment to the legal protection of animals as sentient beings
Schweizerisches Familienrecht, Januar-April 2025
No full textEntsprechend dem Ziel der «Zeitschriften des Rechts», die von Tag zu Tag anschwellenden und zunehmend verstreuten Veröffentlichungen zum Recht zu sammeln, zu sichten und hieraus eine Auswahl aktuell besonders lesenswerter Texte zu treffen, wird mit dieser Ausgabe eine Auswahl der Schriften zum schweizerischen Familienrecht aus dem Zeitraum Januar-April 2025 vorgelegt.Entsprechend dem Ziel der «Zeitschriften des Rechts», die von Tag zu Tag anschwellenden und zunehmend verstreuten Veröffentlichungen zum Recht zu sammeln, zu sichten und hieraus eine Auswahl aktuell besonders lesenswerter Texte zu treffen, wird mit dieser Ausgabe eine Auswahl der Schriften zum schweizerischen Familienrecht aus dem Zeitraum Januar-April 2025 vorgelegt