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Gamers for boys and models for girls: An exploration of influencer preferences among Swiss youth
Get PDFRole models play a crucial part in adolescents’ identity development. Given the extensive use of social media platforms in this population, we assume that so-called influencers on these platforms could function as role models. To investigate the types of influencers present in the everyday lives of young people, we asked 1049 adolescents in Switzerland about their favorite influencers. Of those 1049 adolescents, 637 mentioned at least one name. The characteristics of these influencers were then coded, including their gender, age and content topics. We then investigated the relationships between the coded characteristics of the influencers and the gender of the adolescents whereby gender-stereotypical patterns were discovered. Our results show that adolescents not only prefer influencers whose gender is consistent with their own – which is especially true for boys –, but also favor content that reflects stereotypical depictions of their gender. Girls show a preference for topics related to "How to & Style" and "Music & Dance". Boys have a stronger preference for “Comedy” and “Gaming” content. Both boys and girls prefer influencers who give insights into their daily life. Overall, it seems that gender roles play a crucial role for adolescents when choosing their favorite influencers
Editorial
Get PDFWe are pleased to introduce the third issue of 2024, which features three insightful articles in our general section, a book review, and a workshop review in our community section. Before introducing the articles and review, we want to address the transition from APA 6 to APA 7 as our new author guidelines
The production of (in)competence: Doing difference, reproduction and subversion in classroom interaction
No full textDer Beitrag zeigt auf Grundlage ethnographischer Daten aus dem Unterricht in einer Schweizer Sekundarschule, wie die Leistungsordnung einer Klasse Zug um Zug hergestellt wird. Bei einem Wettbewerb in einer Lektion im Technischen Gestalten werden die Produkte der Schüler*innen als Materialisierung individueller Kompetenz in einen geordneten Handlungszusammenhang gestellt und in Relation zueinander gesetzt. Ich diskutiere, wie Schüler*innen in das schulische doing difference involviert sind, aber auch, unter welchen Bedingungen subversive Praktiken die Leistungsordnung in Frage stellen können. Es wird deutlich, wie sehr Leistungsordnung und Interaktionsordnung verbunden sind und wie stark situative Zwänge auf die Herstellung von (In-)Kompetenz wirken, die letztendlich soziale Ungleichheiten reproduziert.Based on ethnographic data from lessons in a Swiss secondary school, the article shows how the performance order of a class is established step by step. In a competition in a technical design class, students\u27 products, as materializations of individual competence, are placed in an ordered context of action and related to each other. I discuss how students are involved in a doing difference at school, but also the conditions under which subversive practices can challenge the order of performance. It becomes clear how closely performance order and interaction order are linked and how strongly situational constraints affect the production of (in)competence, which ultimately reproduces social inequalities
Que estandardização para o português: pluricêntrica ou panlusófona?
No full textPortuguese is a pluricentric language with two well-established national varieties – European Portuguese (EP) and Brazilian Portuguese (BP) – and varieties in development, such as Mozambican Portuguese (MP) and Angolan Portuguese (AP). In the present study, we aim to address the normative and political question of whether the most appropriate path of standardization for Portuguese in the 21st century is a pluricentric model of several norms combined, each with its own dynamics, or a pan-Lusophone model consisting of one supranational standard norm, a sort of global Portuguese, or even a combination of the two models. We will start by analyzing past and current processes of both formal and informal standardization in Portuguese, focusing on the endo(exo)normative standardization of BP and the role of Globo TV in the strengthening of informal endonormativity, the lectometrically confirmed divergent BP-PE bicentrism and its (a)symmetries – including the more advanced endonormativity of EP and the greater global influence of BP – and the processes of nativization of African varieties, characterized by contacts with Bantu languages and EP exonormativity, with particular emphasis on the more advanced stage of nativization of MP as well as the strong population increase projected for Angola and Mozambique. We will then discuss the two models of a pluricentric or pan-Lusophone path of standardization for Portuguese, along with their opportunities and threats, and point out guidelines for their operationalization. By adopting the Cognitive Sociolinguistics’ view on pluricentricity and based on previous socio-cognitive and lectometric studies on the pluricentricity of Portuguese, we will argue for the adequacy and necessity of a socio-cognitively oriented, fully pluricentric standardization of Portuguese, which could potentially serve as a basis for the development of a pan-Lusophone norm, especially useful for the internationalization of Portuguese.O português é uma língua pluricêntrica com duas variedades nacionais bem estabelecidas – português europeu (PE) e brasileiro (PB) – e variedades em desenvolvimento, como o português moçambicano (PM) e angolano (PA). Pretendemos responder à questão normativa e política de saber se a estandardização mais adequada para o português no século XXI é o modelo pluricêntrico de várias normas padrão, cada uma com a sua própria dinâmica, ou o modelo panlusófono de uma norma padrão supranacional, como português internacional/global, ou ainda a combinação dos dois modelos. Primeiramente, analisaremos os processos passados e atuais de estandardização formal e informal do português, a estandardização endo(exo)normativa do PB e o papel da TV Globo na endonormatividade informal, o bicentrismo divergente PB-PE letometricamente confirmado e as suas (as)simetrias, quer a endonormatividade mais completa do PE quer a maior influência atual do PB, e os processos de nativização das variedades africanas, marcados pelos contactos com as línguas bantu e pela exonormatividade do PE, especialmente a nativização mais avançada do PM e o forte aumento populacional previsto para Angola e Moçambique. Discutiremos, seguidamente, os modelos de estandardização pluricêntrica e panlusófona do português, as suas oportunidades e as suas ameaças, e apontaremos orientações para a sua operacionalização. Assumindo a perspetiva da sociolinguística cognitiva sobre pluricentrismo e com base nos nossos estudos sociocognitivos e letométricos sobre o pluricentrismo do português, argumentaremos em favor da maior adequação e necessidade de uma plena e sociocognitivamente orientada estandardização pluricêntrica do português, que pode servir de base para uma norma panlusófona, especialmente útil para a internacionalização do português.Portuguese is a pluricentric language with two well-established national varieties – European Portuguese (EP) and Brazilian Portuguese (BP) – and varieties in development, such as Mozambican Portuguese (MP) and Angolan Portuguese (AP). In the present study, we aim to address the normative and political question of whether the most appropriate path of standardization for Portuguese in the 21st century is a pluricentric model of several norms combined, each with its own dynamics, or a pan-Lusophone model consisting of one supranational standard norm, a sort of global Portuguese, or even a combination of the two models. We will start by analyzing past and current processes of both formal and informal standardization in Portuguese, focusing on the endo(exo)normative standardization of BP and the role of Globo TV in the strengthening of informal endonormativity, the lectometrically confirmed divergent BP-PE bicentrism and its (a)symmetries – including the more advanced endonormativity of EP and the greater global influence of BP – and the processes of nativization of African varieties, characterized by contacts with Bantu languages and EP exonormativity, with particular emphasis on the more advanced stage of nativization of MP as well as the strong population increase projected for Angola and Mozambique. We will then discuss the two models of a pluricentric or pan-Lusophone path of standardization for Portuguese, along with their opportunities and threats, and point out guidelines for their operationalization. By adopting the Cognitive Sociolinguistics’ view on pluricentricity and based on previous socio-cognitive and lectometric studies on the pluricentricity of Portuguese, we will argue for the adequacy and necessity of a socio-cognitively oriented, fully pluricentric standardization of Portuguese, which could potentially serve as a basis for the development of a pan-Lusophone norm, especially useful for the internationalization of Portuguese.Portuguese is a pluricentric language with two well-established national varieties – European Portuguese (EP) and Brazilian Portuguese (BP) – and varieties in development, such as Mozambican Portuguese (MP) and Angolan Portuguese (AP). In the present study, we aim to address the normative and political question of whether the most appropriate path of standardization for Portuguese in the 21st century is a pluricentric model of several norms combined, each with its own dynamics, or a pan-Lusophone model consisting of one supranational standard norm, a sort of global Portuguese, or even a combination of the two models. We will start by analyzing past and current processes of both formal and informal standardization in Portuguese, focusing on the endo(exo)normative standardization of BP and the role of Globo TV in the strengthening of informal endonormativity, the lectometrically confirmed divergent BP-PE bicentrism and its (a)symmetries – including the more advanced endonormativity of EP and the greater global influence of BP – and the processes of nativization of African varieties, characterized by contacts with Bantu languages and EP exonormativity, with particular emphasis on the more advanced stage of nativization of MP as well as the strong population increase projected for Angola and Mozambique. We will then discuss the two models of a pluricentric or pan-Lusophone path of standardization for Portuguese, along with their opportunities and threats, and point out guidelines for their operationalization. By adopting the Cognitive Sociolinguistics’ view on pluricentricity and based on previous socio-cognitive and lectometric studies on the pluricentricity of Portuguese, we will argue for the adequacy and necessity of a socio-cognitively oriented, fully pluricentric standardization of Portuguese, which could potentially serve as a basis for the development of a pan-Lusophone norm, especially useful for the internationalization of Portuguese.Portuguese is a pluricentric language with two well-established national varieties – European Portuguese (EP) and Brazilian Portuguese (BP) – and varieties in development, such as Mozambican Portuguese (MP) and Angolan Portuguese (AP). In the present study, we aim to address the normative and political question of whether the most appropriate path of standardization for Portuguese in the 21st century is a pluricentric model of several norms combined, each with its own dynamics, or a pan-Lusophone model consisting of one supranational standard norm, a sort of global Portuguese, or even a combination of the two models. We will start by analyzing past and current processes of both formal and informal standardization in Portuguese, focusing on the endo(exo)normative standardization of BP and the role of Globo TV in the strengthening of informal endonormativity, the lectometrically confirmed divergent BP-PE bicentrism and its (a)symmetries – including the more advanced endonormativity of EP and the greater global influence of BP – and the processes of nativization of African varieties, characterized by contacts with Bantu languages and EP exonormativity, with particular emphasis on the more advanced stage of nativization of MP as well as the strong population increase projected for Angola and Mozambique. We will then discuss the two models of a pluricentric or pan-Lusophone path of standardization for Portuguese, along with their opportunities and threats, and point out guidelines for their operationalization. By adopting the Cognitive Sociolinguistics’ view on pluricentricity and based on previous socio-cognitive and lectometric studies on the pluricentricity of Portuguese, we will argue for the adequacy and necessity of a socio-cognitively oriented, fully pluricentric standardization of Portuguese, which could potentially serve as a basis for the development of a pan-Lusophone norm, especially useful for the internationalization of Portuguese.Portuguese is a pluricentric language with two well-established national varieties – European Portuguese (EP) and Brazilian Portuguese (BP) – and varieties in development, such as Mozambican Portuguese (MP) and Angolan Portuguese (AP). In the present study, we aim to address the normative and political question of whether the most appropriate path of standardization for Portuguese in the 21st century is a pluricentric model of several norms combined, each with its own dynamics, or a pan-Lusophone model consisting of one supranational standard norm, a sort of global Portuguese, or even a combination of the two models. We will start by analyzing past and current processes of both formal and informal standardization in Portuguese, focusing on the endo(exo)normative standardization of BP and the role of Globo TV in the strengthening of informal endonormativity, the lectometrically confirmed divergent BP-PE bicentrism and its (a)symmetries – including the more advanced endonormativity of EP and the greater global influence of BP – and the processes of nativization of African varieties, characterized by contacts with Bantu languages and EP exonormativity, with particular emphasis on the more advanced stage of nativization of MP as well as the strong population increase projected for Angola and Mozambique. We will then discuss the two models of a pluricentric or pan-Lusophone path of standardization for Portuguese, along with their opportunities and threats, and point out guidelines for their operationalization. By adopting the Cognitive Sociolinguistics’ view on pluricentricity and based on previous socio-cognitive and lectometric studies on the pluricentricity of Portuguese, we will argue for the adequacy and necessity of a socio-cognitively oriented, fully pluricentric standardization of Portuguese, which could potentially serve as a basis for the development of a pan-Lusophone norm, especially useful for the internationalization of Portuguese.Portuguese is a pluricentric language with two well-established national varieties – European Portuguese (EP) and Brazilian Portuguese (BP) – and varieties in development, such as Mozambican Portuguese (MP) and Angolan Portuguese (AP). In the present study, we aim to address the normative and political question of whether the most appropriate path of standardization for Portuguese in the 21st century is a pluricentric model of several norms combined, each with its own dynamics, or a pan-Lusophone model consisting of one supranational standard norm, a sort of global Portuguese, or even a combination of the two models. We will start by analyzing past and current processes of both formal and informal standardization in Portuguese, focusing on the endo(exo)normative standardization of BP and the role of Globo TV in the strengthening of informal endonormativity, the lectometrically confirmed divergent BP-PE bicentrism and its (a)symmetries – including the more advanced endonormativity of EP and the greater global influence of BP – and the processes of nativization of African varieties, characterized by contacts with Bantu languages and EP exonormativity, with particular emphasis on the more advanced stage of nativization of MP as well as the strong population increase projected for Angola and Mozambique. We will then discuss the two models of a pluricentric or pan-Lusophone path of standardization for Portuguese, along with their opportunities and threats, and point out guidelines for their operationalization. By adopting the Cognitive Sociolinguistics’ view on pluricentricity and based on previous socio-cognitive and lectometric studies on the pluricentricity of Portuguese, we will argue for the adequacy and necessity of a socio-cognitively oriented, fully pluricentric standardization of Portuguese, which could potentially serve as a basis for the development of a pan-Lusophone norm, especially useful for the internationalization of Portuguese
Debatten über den Abfassungsanlass des Römerbriefes in Kommentaren der Reformationszeit
No full textIn contemporary exegesis, the image prevails that the interpreters of the Reformation period read the Pauline Epistles as timeless theological treatises and not as situational and contextual letters. Melanchthon’s characterization of the Epistle to the Romans as a «doctrinae christianae compendium» is often cited as evidence for this. In contrast, the exemplary study of eight argumenta of commentaries on the Letter to the Romans from the 16th century shows that the early modern commentators had a picture of the historical circumstances in which this letter was written and tried to understand the letter from it. For this end, they used information from ancient commentaries (especially from Origen, Pelagius and Pseudo-Ambrosius) about Paul’s life and the situation in Rome.In contemporary exegesis, the image prevails that the interpreters of the Reformation period read the Pauline Epistles as timeless theological treatises and not as situational and contextual letters. Melanchthon’s characterization of the Epistle to the Romans as a «doctrinae christianae compendium» is often cited as evidence for this. In contrast, the exemplary study of eight argumenta of commentaries on the Letter to the Romans from the 16th century shows that the early modern commentators had a picture of the historical circumstances in which this letter was written and tried to understand the letter from it. For this end, they used information from ancient commentaries (especially from Origen, Pelagius and Pseudo-Ambrosius) about Paul’s life and the situation in Rome
The Founding of the Institute for Global Negotiation
No full textThis reflection chronicles the founding and evolution of the Institute for Global Negotiation, offering insights into the lessons learned along the way. Negotiation and mediation are essential tools for addressing conflict, yet few receive training to use them effectively. Through a personal narrative, the author explores key concepts in negotiation, including the fixed-pie bias, the insight-action gap, and the importance of preparation and self-reflection. The paper examines the foundational years of the Global Negotiation Conference (GNC), highlighting pivotal experiences such as navigating collaboration challenges, leveraging mentorship, and addressing the critical role of logistics and support networks. The transition from the GNC to the Institute for Global Negotiation underscores the significance of strategic planning and adaptability in overcoming unexpected setbacks, including the operational challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. The reflection concludes with a set of actionable negotiation principles, emphasising preparation, active listening, adaptability, and the value of encouragement, advocating for negotiation as a means to tackle global challenges and foster a more equitable and sustainable future. 
The Pros and Cons of Working With Only One Side to a Conflict: Analyzing the Impact of Conflict Management Training in a Polarized Context
No full textThis reflection examines the decision of the Bridgeway Group, a conflict resolution non-profit organization based in Massachusetts, to exclusively offer negotiation preparation and training to one party in a conflict context in the United States. The Bridgeway Group has historically focused on conflict contexts outside of the US, helping parties in conflict to find less violent and more constructive solutions to their differences. Generally, the Bridgeway Group works with all parties to a conflict, enhancing negotiation and conflict management skills and analysis. The aforementioned decision was taken when the Bridgeway Group embraced the opportunity to work on a deeply polarizing domestic issue in the field of reproductive health, embarking in a new direction for the organization. The project shed light on the importance of value alignment and clearly articulated goals when pursuing new work. The Bridgeway Group\u27s experience underscores the challenges associated with working with only one party to a conflict. The two-year engagement with the client, a reproductive rights organization, revealed important lessons about the need for an explicit, mutual commitment by the client organization and The Bridgeway Group to improve negotiated outcomes, enhance sustainable solutions, and engage ongoing learning, all without contributing to further political polarization. Mr. Konradt was tasked with writing this reflection as part of his research fellowship. The project was completed before he joined the organization
La figlia prodiga/L’enfant prodigue: «ritorni» di André Gide in Alice Ceresa
No full textNell’ambito più ampio delle ricerche sulla ricezione di Alice Ceresa in Francia e sui rapporti della scrittrice ticinese con l’ambiente intellettuale francese, il nome di André Gide, Premio Nobel per la letteratura nel 1947, si è imposto come un punto di riferimento fondamentale, soprattutto nella scelta di riprendere la celebre parabola del figliol prodigo. L’affinità tra i titoli di due opere, La figlia prodiga di Alice Ceresa, pubblicato nel 1967, e Le retour de l’enfant prodigue di André Gide, risalente al 1907, ha inoltre imposto la necessità di mettere a confronto serrato due testi e due poetiche. Entrambe le opere rinviano a un archetipo comune, ovvero il racconto biblico, presente solo nel Vangelo di Luca (15, 11-32), che vanta una straordinaria fortuna nella storia della letteratura, al punto che Charles Dickens lo definisce «the greatest short story ever written» (Di Rocco ― Montori 2020, 10). Al di là dell’intertesto comune, il presente saggio si propone di indagare le relazioni che il testo di Ceresa intrattiene con quello di Gide, facendo incontrare ambiti di ricerca diversi: gli studi ceresiani, gli studi gidiani, gli studi sulla ricezione e l’ermeneutica della letteratura. Le pagine che seguono vogliono dunque segnalare alcuni punti di contatto per poi definire i margini di influenza che André Gide ha avuto sulla scrittrice svizzera, seguendo il filo rosso dei documenti inediti del Fondo Ceresa (Biblioteca nazionale svizzera) e della pubblicazione del primo romanzo della scrittrice nel 1967 per Einaudi.
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In the broader sphere of research on the reception of Alice Ceresa in France and on the Ticino writer’s relations with the French intellectual milieu, the name of André Gide, Noble Prize for Literatur in 1947, has emerged as a fundamental point of reference particularly in justifying the revival of the famous parable of the prodigal son. The affinity between the titles of two works, Alice Ceresa’s La Figlia prodiga, published in 1967, and André Gide’s Le Retour de l’enfant prodigue, written 1907, also imposed the need to closely compare two texts and two poetics. Both works refer to a common archetype, namely the biblical story, present only in the Gospel of Luke (15:11-32), which boasts an extraordinary fortune in the history of literature, to the point that Charles Dickens calls it “the greatest short story ever written” (Di Rocco, Montori 2020, 10). Beyond the common intertext, this essay aims to investigate the relations between Ceresa’s and Gide’s texts by bringing together different fields of research: Ceresa studies, Gide studies and studies on the reception and hermeneutics of literature. The following pages therefore aim to point out some points of contact and comparison and then define the margins of influence that André Gide had on the Swiss writer, following the red thread of the unpublished documents of the Ceresa Fund (National Library of Bern) and the publication of the writer’s first novel in 1967 for Einaudi