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Influential factors for a secure perception of accounting management with blockchain technology
Get PDFThe scope of blockchain technology, initially associated with the Bitcoin cryptocurrency, is greater due to the multiple applications in various disciplines. Its use in accounting lies mainly in the fact that it reduces the risks and the possibility of fraud, in addition to eliminating human error. This work presents a theoretical model that contributes to the understanding of the process of adoption of ICT innovations by business organizations, from the technological, organizational and environmental contexts. The result of the work provides knowledge for the empirical generalization of the topic of study and offers the academic community a starting point for carrying out future studies that confirm the validity of the results, and the business community a valid alternative of the aspects to be considered taken into account in making decisions derived from secure accounting management with blockchain. Hence, the implementation of blockchain presents challenges, its potential to improve reliability and efficiency in accounting management makes this technology a valuable investment for companies and accounting professionals seeking more secure and transparent financial managementEconomía Financiera, Contabilidad y Dirección de Operacione
Tracing Soil Contamination from Pre-Roman Slags at the Monte Romero Archaeological Site, Southwest Spain
Get PDFSoil serves as a repository of human history, preserving artifacts within its horizons. However, the presence of chemically reactive remnants, such as ancient slags, can significantly impact the surrounding soil environment. This paper addresses this scarcely explored issue by focusing on soil contamination arising from pre-Roman slag deposits at the Monte Romero archaeological site in southwest Spain, dating back to the Tartessian period (c. 7th century BC). Through the high-resolution microscopy examination of slag wastes and the trace element analysis of soil samples by ICP-OES, this study evaluated current contamination status using a multi-index approach. The results revealed markedly high levels of Pb (>5000 mg kg−1), Cu (up to 2730 mg kg−1), and As (up to 445 mg kg−1) in the soil compared to a control sample. The identification of secondary complex compounds like Cu arsenates and Pb arsenates/antimonates within slag cavities suggests post-depositional weathering processes, leading to the dispersion of potentially toxic elements into the surrounding soil. Assessments through indices of contamination and potential ecological risk highlighted severe contamination, particularly concerning Ag, Pb, Sb, Cu, and As. This study underscores the importance of addressing potential environmental hazards associated with archaeological sites hosting remnants of metal production
Analysis of the Mechanical Properties of Structural Ceramics Made from Aggregate Washing Sludge and Manganese Mining Waste
Get PDFThe construction sector is presently among the most resource-intensive industries, driving
a substantial body of research dedicated to the development of more sustainable materials to address
these demands. A particularly promising approach within the framework of the circular economy is
the repurposing of waste as a principal raw material for the creation of new construction products.
Within this context, the primary aim of this study is to engineer ceramic materials for brick production
using 100% waste-derived inputs, specifically aggregate washing sludge and manganese mining
by-products. To evaluate the potential of these sustainable ceramic materials, an extensive investigation
was conducted, encompassing both physical and mechanical testing, as well as a thorough
characterisation of the waste inputs. For this purpose, a series of ceramic specimens were fabricated
with varying proportions of mining residues and aggregate washing sludge, adhering to the conventional
protocols employed in the manufacture of ceramic bricks. The results demonstrate that
these sustainable ceramics exhibit a linear shrinkage reduction of up to 5% compared to traditional
clay-based ceramics. Furthermore, they show water absorption levels—whether via capillarity, cold
water, or hot water absorption—that are up to twice those observed in conventional clay ceramics,
while maintaining comparable density values. This increased absorption, however, correlates with
a reduction in mechanical strength at higher concentrations of manganese waste, yet the material
continues to meet the minimum strength requirements as specified by industry standards for such
products. In conclusion, this research introduces a novel, sustainable ceramic material that not only
reduces economic and environmental costs but also adheres to the required performance criteria for
construction applications
La protección de la persona con discapacidad en derecho sucesorio
Get PDFEn el presente trabajo estudiamos diversos mecanismos de protección directa de la persona con discapacidad en el ámbito del Derecho sucesorio. Se aborda el estudio de varias figuras jurídicas que han resultado afectadas por las reformas introducidas por la Ley 41/2003, de 18 de noviembre, de protección patrimonial de las personas con discapacidad y de modificación del Código civil, de la Ley de Enjuiciamiento Civil y de la normativa tributaria con esta finalidad, -que, a su vez, ha sido modificada por la Ley 8/2021, de 2 de junio, por la que se reforma la legislación civil y procesal para el apoyo a las personas con discapacidad en el ejercicio de su capacidad jurídica-, tratando de mejorar la protección patrimonial de dichas personas, aumentando las posibilidades jurídicas de afectar medios económicos a la satisfacción sus necesidades o intentando, en general, mejorar el tratamiento jurídico de las personas con discapacidad.
Así, tras el capítulo introductorio, se estudia la reforma introducida en el artículo 822 del Código civil por la citada Ley 41/2003; hasta la misma, no existía ninguna norma civil que favoreciera directamente la obtención por una persona con discapacidad del uso de una vivienda. Tras la Ley 8/2021, el citado artículo 822 regula la atribución de un derecho de habitación a un legitimario que se encuentre “en una situación de discapacidad”.
Posteriormente, abordamos las reformas introducidas en los artículos 782, 808 y 813.2 del Código civil. Originariamente, la Ley 41/2003 dio nueva redacción al primero y al último de los artículos citados y añadió un nuevo párrafo tercero al artículo 808, todo ello con el fin de que pudiera gravarse el tercio de legítima estricta con una sustitución fideicomisaria en la que fueran fiduciarios los hijos o descendientes judicialmente incapacitados (que, a la vez, podían ser persona con discapacidad) y fideicomisarios los coherederos forzosos. La Ley 8/2021 redacta de nuevo el artículo 782; al desaparecer la incapacitación, el citado artículo ya no se refiere a hijos o descendientes judicialmente incapacitados, sino a “hijos del testador que se encuentren en una situación de discapacidad”. Respecto del artículo 808, suprime el tercer párrafo, pasando el cuarto párrafo a ocupar el tercer lugar y añade a continuación dos nuevos párrafos. El nuevo artículo 808 ya no se refiere a hijos o descendientes judicialmente incapacitados, sino a legitimarios que se encuentren en una situación de discapacidad, en cuyo caso “el testador podrá disponer a su favor de la legítima estricta de los demás legitimarios sin discapacidad”. Por último, la ley 8/2021 da nueva redacción al segundo párrafo del artículo 813 – referido a la legítima y al testador-, en los siguientes términos: “Tampoco podrá imponer sobre ella gravamen, ni condición, ni sustitución de ninguna especie, salvo lo dispuesto en cuanto al usufructo del viudo y lo establecido en los artículos 782 y 808”.
A continuación, estudiamos la reforma introducida en el artículo 756 del Código civil, referido a la indignidad. La Ley 41/2003 añadió un séptimo párrafo en el que se declaraba incapaz de suceder por causa de indignidad, “tratándose de la sucesión de una persona con discapacidad, las personas con derecho a la herencia que no le hubieren prestado las atenciones debidas, entendiendo por tales las reguladas en los artículos 142 y 146 del Código Civil”. Por su parte, la Ley 8/2021 da nueva redacción al párrafo tercero del ordinal 2.º y al ordinal 7.º del citado artículo 756; en base a la nueva redacción, son incapaces de suceder por causa de indignidad: “También el privado por resolución firme de la patria potestad, o removido del ejercicio de la tutela o acogimiento familiar de un menor o del ejercicio de la curatela de una persona con discapacidad por causa que le sea imputable, respecto de la herencia del mismo.”
“7.º Tratándose de la sucesión de una persona con discapacidad, las personas con derecho a la herencia que no le hubieren prestado las atenciones debidas, entendiendo por tales las reguladas en los artículos 142 y 146 del Código Civil.”
La última modificación introducida en el ámbito del Derecho Sucesorio por la Ley 41/2003, de menor amplitud que las anteriores, pero sin duda de singular relevancia práctica, fue la relativa a la dispensa de colación incorporada al artículo 1041 C.C., al que se añade un párrafo segundo, en base al cual “no estarán sujetos a colación los gastos realizados por los padres y ascendientes para cubrir las necesidades especiales de sus hijos o descendientes con discapacidad”.
La Ley 8/2021 redacta el nuevo artículo 1041 con el siguiente tenor: “No estarán sujetos a colación los gastos de alimentos, educación, curación de enfermedades, aunque sean extraordinarias, aprendizaje, ni los regalos de costumbre.
Tampoco estarán sujetos a colación los gastos realizados por los progenitores y ascendientes para cubrir las necesidades especiales de sus hijos o descendientes requeridas por su situación de discapacidad.”
Por último, para finalizar el trabajo, se exponen las conclusiones obtenidas del estudio de los apartados anteriores.In this work we study some mechanisms of direct protection of persons with disabilities in the field of succession Law. It focuses the study of several legal figures that have been affected by the reforms introduced by Law 41/2003, of November 18th, on the patrimonial protection of people with disabilities and modification of the Civil Code, the Civil Procedure Law and tax regulations for this purpose, -which, at the same time, has been modified by Law 8/2021, of June 2, which reforms civil and procedural legislation for the support of people with disabilities in the exercise of their legal capacity-, trying to improve the patrimonial protection of these people, increasing the legal possibilities of affecting economic means to the satisfaction of their needs or trying, in general, improve the legal treatment of persons with disabilities.
Thus, after the introductory chapter, is studied the reform introduced in article 822 of the Civil Code by the aforementioned Law 41/2003; until then, there was no civil regulation that directly favored the obtaining by a person with a disability of the use of a dwelling. After Law 8/2021, the aforementioned article 822 regulates the attribution of a right of habitation to a legitimate person who is "in a situation of disability".
Subsequently, we will address the reforms introduced in articles 782, 808 and 813.2 of the Civil Code. Originally, Law 41/2003 redrafted the first and last of the aforementioned articles and added a new third paragraph to article 808, all so that the third of strict legitimate could be taxed with a trustee substitution in which the judicially incapacitated children or descendants were trustees (who, at the same time, could be a person with disabilities) and trustees the forced co-heirs. Law 8/2021 redrafts article 782; when incapacitation disappears, the aforementioned article no longer refers to judicially incapacitated children or descendants, but to "children of the testator who are in a situation of disability". With regard to article 808, delete the third paragraph, move the fourth paragraph to third place and then add two new paragraphs. The new article 808 no longer refers to judicially incapacitated children or descendants, but to legitimaries who are in a situation of disability, in which case "the testator may dispose in his favor of the strict legitimate of the other legitimaries without disability". Finally, Law 8/2021 redrafts the second paragraph of article 813 – referring to the reserved share and the testator – in the following terms: "Neither may impose on it tax, condition, or substitution of any kind, except as provided regarding the usufruct of the widower and the provisions of articles 782 and 808 ".
Next, we study the reform introduced in article 756 of the Civil Code, referring to indignity. Law 41/2003 added a seventh paragraph in which it was declared incapable of succeeding because of indignity, "in the case of the succession of a person with disabilities, persons entitled to inheritance who have not provided due care, understood as those regulated in articles 142 and 146 of the Civil Code". Besides, Law 8/2021 redrafts the third paragraph of paragraph 2 and paragraph 7 of the aforementioned article 756; based on the new wording, the following are incapable of succeeding because of indignity: "Also the deprived by a final resolution of parental authority, or removed from the exercise of guardianship or foster care of a minor or the exercise of the guardianship of a person with disability for reasons that are attributable to him, with respect to the inheritance of the same."
"7º In the event of the succession of a person with a disability, persons entitled to inheritance who have not provided due care, understood as those regulated in articles 142 and 146 of the Civil Code."
The last modification introduced in the field of Inheritance Law by Law 41/2003, of lesser scope than the previous ones, but undoubtedly of singular practical relevance, was that relating to the dispensation of collation incorporated into article 1041 C.C., to which a second paragraph is added, based on which "the expenses made by parents and ascendants to cover the special needs of their children or descendants will not be subject to collation. with disabilities".
Law 8/2021 drafts the new article 1041 with the following wording: "The expenses of food, education, cure of diseases, even if they are extraordinary, learning, or customary gifts will not be subject to collation.
Nor shall expenses incurred by parents and ascendants to cover the special needs of their children or descendants required by their situation of disability be subject to collation."
Finally, to finish the work, are exposed the conclusions obtained from the study of the previous sections.Theodor Mommse
Form-stable bitumen/paraffin-wax/polymer binders for energy-efficient building applications
Get PDFNovel form-stable bitumen/paraffin-wax/polymer binders were successfully manufactured to be applied as energy-efficient building materials with advanced thermal energy storage and thermoregulation features. These roofing materials are composed of bitumen (B), styrene butadiene styrene copolymer (SBS), and paraffin wax (PW) as phase change material (PCM) for thermal energy storage applications. Systems with a fixed weight ratio B/SBS = 7.33 and PW concentration ranging from 0 to 70 wt% were prepared. Then, thermal stability, microstructure, rheological properties, technological and leakproof performance tests were performed on these binders to assess the optimal compositions. After that, a comprehensive thermal energy storage characterization was conducted on the selected prototypes and, finally, the temperature regulation performance was studied by using simulated solar irradiation. All materials show excellent thermal stability no matter PW concentration used, whereas the rheological properties improve as PW content in blends increases. However, softening temperature requirements, specified by ASTM D8051, limited PW concentration to 30 wt%. Interestingly, no liquid PW leakage from bituminous matrix was found for such a concentration, which has a high heat storage capacity (ca. 60 J/g) and suitable thermal properties (e.g. thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity). As a result, material exhibits a complex solar and thermal behaviour that yields a Latent Heat Thermoregulation Index (LHTI) value greater than for other efficient energy building materials.This work is part of the project TED2021-131284B-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation) and European Union Next Generation EU/PRTR; and the Cátedra Fundación CEPSA through the project “BituFoil” of the edition 2023. Clara Delgado-Sánchez also acknowledges financial support from Junta de Andalucía through post-doctoral Grant No. DC 01228 (PAIDI 2020), co-funded by the EU Fondo Social Europeo (FSE). Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Huelva / CBUA.Ingeniería Química, Química Física y Ciencias de los Materiale
Когнітивні, комунікативні та культурно-чутливі компетенції майбутніх учителів щодо текстової медіації для дорослих іммігрантів
Get PDFDue to the social circumstances leading to increased professional demand, it is necessary to provide more specialized training to initial teacher education students so they can address textual mediation for L2-learning adult immigrants. This research aims to understand how students in education perceive the impact of textual mediation on certain critical skills following a teaching intervention. There are few previous studies on textual mediation in the field of applied linguistics. A qualitative methodology evaluated an intervention involving 103 education students in focus groups. The results reveal that educational mediation with adult immigrants enhances oral and written communication skills, translation ability, note-taking, and creative text analysis. Linguistic adaptation and expanded cultural awareness are crucial in this process. As a practical application, the research underscores the importance of fostering cognitive, communicative, and cultural awareness competencies in initial teacher education students for effective language instruction to adult immigrants.Resumen: Debido a las circunstancias sociales que conducen a un aumento de la demanda profesional, es necesario proporcionar una formación más especializada a los estudiantes de formación inicial del profesorado para que puedan abordar la mediación textual para inmigrantes adultos que aprenden L2. Esta investigación pretende conocer cómo perciben los estudiantes de magisterio el impacto de la mediación textual en determinadas competencias críticas tras una intervención docente. Existen pocos estudios previos sobre mediación textual en el campo de la lingüística aplicada. Una metodología cualitativa evaluó una intervención en la que participaron 103 estudiantes de educación en grupos focales. Los resultados revelan que la mediación educativa con inmigrantes adultos mejora las destrezas de comunicación oral y escrita, la capacidad de traducción, la toma de notas y el análisis creativo de textos. La adaptación lingüística y la ampliación de la conciencia cultural son cruciales en este proceso. Como aplicación práctica, la investigación subraya la importancia de fomentar las competencias cognitivas, comunicativas y de conciencia cultural en los estudiantes de formación inicial del profesorado para una enseñanza eficaz del idioma a inmigrantes adultos.En raison des circonstances sociales qui entraînent une augmentation de la demande professionnelle, il est nécessaire de fournir une formation plus spécialisée aux étudiants de la formation initiale des enseignants pour qu'ils puissent traiter la médiation textuelle pour les apprenants adultes immigrés en L2. Cette recherche vise à déterminer comment les enseignants en formation perçoivent l'impact de la médiation textuelle sur certaines compétences critiques après une intervention pédagogique. Il existe peu d'études antérieures sur la médiation textuelle dans le domaine de la linguistique appliquée. Une méthodologie qualitative a permis d'évaluer une intervention impliquant 103 enseignants en formation dans des groupes de discussion. Les résultats révèlent que la médiation éducative avec des immigrants adultes améliore les compétences en communication orale et écrite, les compétences en traduction, la prise de notes et l'analyse créative de textes. L'adaptation linguistique et l'élargissement de la conscience culturelle sont essentiels dans ce processus. D'un point de vue pratique, la recherche souligne l'importance d'encourager les compétences cognitives, communicatives et de sensibilisation culturelle chez les étudiants en formation initiale d'enseignants pour un enseignement efficace des langues aux immigrés adultes.Devido às circunstâncias sociais que conduzem a um aumento da procura profissional, é necessário proporcionar uma formação mais especializada aos estudantes da formação inicial de professores para lidarem com a mediação textual para aprendentes adultos imigrantes de L2. Esta investigação tem como objetivo descobrir como os estudantes de formação de professores percepcionam o impacto da mediação textual em determinadas competências críticas após uma intervenção pedagógica. Existem poucos estudos anteriores sobre mediação textual no domínio da linguística aplicada. Uma metodologia qualitativa avaliou uma intervenção que envolveu 103 estudantes docentes em grupos de discussão. Os resultados revelam que a mediação pedagógica com imigrantes adultos melhora as competências de comunicação oral e escrita, as competências de tradução, a tomada de notas e a análise criativa de textos. A adaptação linguística e o alargamento da consciência cultural são cruciais neste processo. Como aplicação prática, a investigação sublinha a importância de promover as competências cognitivas, comunicativas e de consciência cultural nos estudantes da formação inicial de professores para um ensino eficaz da língua a imigrantes adultos.This research was funded by the Multiliteracies for adult at-risk learners of additional languages (MultiLits) R&D project, REF. PID2020-113460RB-I00, financed by (Spanish) Ministry of Innovation and Sciences, State Research Agency MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033
Designing a low-cost wireless sensor network for particulate matter monitoring: Implementation, calibration, and field-test
Get PDFPoor air quality can provoke severe impacts on health, necessitating environmental monitoring of atmospheric particulate matter (PM) to assess potential threats to human well-being. However, traditional continuous air quality monitoring systems are often costly and time-consuming in data treatment. Lately, there is a growing trend towards the use of low-cost wireless PM sensors, providing more detailed information than standard systems. This paper presents a system designed to measure air quality, specifically, a wireless sensor network composed of a distributed sensor network linked to a cloud system. The proposed system can efficiently measure air quality as it is cost-effective, small-sized, and consumes little power. Sensor nodes based on low-power long range (LoRa) motes transmit field measurement data to the cloud via a gateway, and a cloud computing system is implemented to store, monitor, process, and visualise the data. Advanced techniques were included in our cloud for data processing and analysis to optimise the detection of PM. Laboratory and field tests in the historic Riotinto mine validate the system's viability, offering real-time air quality information for nearby populations. Once calibrated, sensors demonstrate high accuracy, presenting mean error of −0.3% and low deviation (R2 = 0.96) when compared to regulatory systems for both low (<10 μgPM10/m3) and hazardous concentrations (300 μgPM10/m3), which makes them perfect as early warning systems for atmospheric pollution in mining.Funding for this research was provided by the project “68/83 Contribucion ´ de fuentes del material particulado atmosf´erico en el entorno del
distrito minero de Riotinto (2023).” The authors express their appreciation to the Atalaya Mining Company for granting permission to conduct
this research on their premises and for their wholehearted support.
Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Huelva / CBUA, Spain.CIQSOCIQS
Preparation and validation of a predictive model of breastfeeding initiation in the first hour of life
Get PDFObjective: The objective was to develop and validate a predictive model of initiation of breastfeeding in the first
hour after delivery.
Methods: Retrospective cohort study on women who gave birth between 2013 and 2018 in Spain. For data
collection, an ad hoc questionnaire was designed to be filled in by the mothers, which was distributed to the
different Spanish breastfeeding associations which, in turn, shared it with their associate partners. The development
of the predictive model was made on a cohort of 3218 women (2/3) and was validated on a cohort of
1609 women (1/3). Mothers whose children were admitted to hospital at the time of birth were excluded. A
multivariate analysis was performed by means of logistic regression, and predictive ability was determined by
areas under the ROC curve (AUC).
Results: 81.0 % (2608) women started breastfeeding in the first hour in the derivation cohort, and 80.1 % (1289)
in the validation cohort. The predictive factors in the final model were: the highest number of children and skinto-
skin contact at birth as flattering factors, while dystocic delivery reduced the likelihood of the onset of
breastfeeding. The predictive ability (ROC AUC) in the derivation cohort was 0.89 (CI 95 %: 0.87–0.90), while in
the validation cohort it was 0.89 (CI 95 %: 0.87–0.92).
Conclusions: This three-variable predictive model has excellent predictive ability in both the derivation cohort
and the validation cohort. This model can identify women who are at high risk of non-initiating breastfeeding
within the first hour after delivery.Departamento de Biología Ambiental y Salud Públic
The Role of Nursing in the Management of Chemotherapy Extravasation: A Systematic Review Regarding Public Health
Get PDFThe scientific literature was reviewed with the aim of analysing the state of the art on the role of nursing in the management of chemotherapy extravasation, recognising the possible risk factors and identifying effective training programmes for nurses. WOS, Scopus, and PubMed databases were used to perform the searches. Papers that met the inclusion criteria and that had been published in the last 9 years were selected. The Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP) instrument was applied to the selected studies. In addition, this research was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (ID: 512480). Out of the 23 initially selected articles, a total of 9 articles were eventually included, since they met the eligibility criteria that were established after a more exhaustive analysis, which included reading their abstracts and full texts. The results show that the management of chemotherapy extravasation is closely related to factors that largely depend on the nursing staff. Among the most relevant findings are factors including the identification of the nursing role in the management of extravasation due to chemotherapy; risk factors; and effective training programmes for nursing. Nurses play a crucial role throughout the entire process of treatment, prevention, and health education in chemotherapy treatment. Training programmes for nurses are fundamental, as they increase their professional competence and improve the safety of the patient. Adequate knowledge of chemotherapy treatment and the risk factors of extravasation are basic elements for the prevention of this type of injury, as well as for the improvement of the quality of life of patients under this kind of intravenous therapy
Temporal Variation in and Influence of Environmental Variables on a Lepidopteran Community in a Mediterranean Mid-Mountain Area
Get PDFThe temporal variation in a community of nocturnal and diurnal Lepidoptera was studied
in a Mediterranean mid-mountain area of the SW Iberian Peninsula between 2017 and 2019. Monthly
samplings that allowed for the identification of 3528 specimens, belonging to 373 species from
40 different families, also provided data on the temporal and seasonal variation in richness and the
abundance (dominated by Geometridae and Noctuidae), diet type (mainly oligophagous), voltinism
(mostly univoltine) and biogeography of the community, primarily Mediterranean in scope. Richness,
abundance and diversity were also found to be highly positively correlated with temperature and solar
radiation, and less negatively correlated with precipitation and humidity. Canonical correspondence
analyses (CCAs) also indicate that temperature and radiation are the climatic variables with the
greatest influence on species occurrence over the different months of the year. The CCAs gave a
cumulative variance value of 84.79% when using the monthly mean values of temperature, solar
radiation and minimum relative humidity, and 86.4% if only monovoltine species were considered.
Guidelines to maintain diversity in the environment of the study area are provided. It is possible that
the area may function as a refuge area for Lepidoptera in the face of climate change and deforestation
that are occurring in the geographical environmentThe authors would like to thank Antonio José López Fernández for authorising
the sampling in the Sierra de Aracena y Picos de Aroche Natural Park. We also thank the anonymous
reviewers for their contributio