University of Huelva
Arias Montano: Institutional Repository of the University of HuelvaNot a member yet
23099 research outputs found
Sort by
Truancy in secondary education: prevalence and profiles of students including characteristics of family environment and links with school
Get PDFEl absentismo escolar es un fenómeno extendido en el mundo y de graves consecuencias. Este estudio pretende: 1) estimar la prevalencia del absentismo en la población escolarizada de 12 a 16 años de edad en una ciudad española (Huelva); 2) describir su variabilidad sociodemográfica; y 3) establecer una tipología de perfiles del alumnado en relación con este problema teniendo en cuenta el nivel de absentismo practicado, las características del entorno familiar y la vinculación con el centro docente. Una muestra aleatoria y representativa del alumnado de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria de la ciudad (n = 1036; 49.7% mujeres, de 14.2 años de edad media) cumplimentó un cuestionario anónimo en las aulas o vía online. Los datos han sido analizados mediante análisis bivariado y con una técnica multivariable exploratoria (Análisis de Correspondencias Múltiples). El 32% de la muestra practicó algún grado de absentismo escolar en los 30 días anteriores. El 24.1% manifestó haber faltado a clase al menos un día completo en los 30 días previos sin razón justificada. La prevalencia del absentismo escolar es más alta entre el alumnado con progenitores con un bajo nivel de estudios y entre el de origen inmigrante, así como entre quienes manejan cantidades relativamente altas de dinero de bolsillo. Se concluye el trabajo con una clasificación tipológica del alumnado en cinco perfiles diferenciados. Los resultados sugieren que el absentismo es un fenómeno complejo, con diferencias sutiles y probablemente inestables entre estudiantes absentistas y no absentistas, por lo que su prevención no estribaría en actuar focalizadamente con los casos que presentan un absentismo acusado, sino más bien en abordar intersectorialmente el abanico de factores que lo favorecenTruancy is a widespread phenomenon in the world with serious consequences. This study aims to: 1) assess the prevalence of truancy among the population of schoolchildren between 12 and 16 years of age in a Spanish city (Huelva); 2) describe its sociodemographic variability; and 3) establish a typology of student profiles in relation to this problem, considering the level of truancy, the characteristics of the family environment and links with the school. A random, representative sample of schoolchildren in mandatory secondary education in the city (n= 1036; 49.7% female, average age 14.2 years) completed an anonymous questionnaire in class or online. The data were analysed by means of bivariate analysis and using an exploratory multivariate technique (Multiple Correspondence Analysis). A total of 32% of the sample revealed that they had practised truancy to some degree in the previous 30 days, and 24.1% reported having missed at least one full day of school without a good excuse in the previous 30 days. The prevalence of truancy is higher among pupils whose parents have a low level of education and immigrant-origin children, as well as those with relatively high amounts of pocket money. The study concludes with a typological classification of the children into five different profiles. The results suggest that truancy is a complex phenomenon, with subtle and probably unstable differences between truants and non-truants, so the key to preventing it would not lie in focusing on those cases of pronounced truancy, but rather in taking intersectoral action to tackle the range of factors that contribute to truanc
Influence of optical illusion on the performance of novel players in the tennis serve
Get PDFEl tenis es un deporte de raqueta en el cual se produce
un intercambio de pelota entre dos jugadores, y cuyo
juego se inicia con uno de los gestos técnicos más importantes
de dicho deporte, el saque. A través de la ilusión
óptica se ha comprobado cómo esta puede afectar
en el rendimiento del saque de tenis en jugadores nóveles.
El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar cómo
influye la ilusión óptica en el rendimiento del servicio en
tenis. Para ver dicha relación, se evaluaron un total de
24 sujetos de nivel iniciación que se agruparon en dos
grupos. Cada grupo realizó una variante específica de
un experimento de ilusión óptica en el que se analizaron
las diferencias entre pre-test y post-test, entre variantes,
y presión percibida. Los resultados mostraron que los tenistas
que sacaban bajo la variante en la que el objetivo
parecía más pequeño, obtuvieron mayores mejoras en el
rendimiento que aquellos que lo hicieron bajo la variante
donde el objetivo parecía más grande, en la comparativa
pre-test vs post-test. Por ello, en tenistas nóveles, realizar
experimentos donde se fomente la ilusión óptica como
facilitador de la tarea, promoviendo una percepción de
un objetivo que parezca más pequeño, mejora el rendimiento
en el gesto técnico.Tennis is a racket sport in which a ball is exchanged between
two players, and whose game begins with one of
the most important technical gestures of said sport, the
serve. Through optical illusion, it has been proven how it
can affect the performance of the tennis serve in novice
players. The objective of this research was to analyze how
the optical illusion influences service performance in tennis.
To see this relationship, a total of 24 beginner-level
subjects who were grouped into two groups were evaluated.
Each group performed a specific variant of an
optical illusion experiment in which the differences between
pre-test and post-test, between variants, and perceived
pressure were analyzed. The results showed that
tennis players who served under the variant in which the
target seemed smaller obtained greater improvements
in performance than those who served under the variant
where the target seemed larger, in the pre-test vs. posttest
comparison. Therefore, in novice tennis players, conducting
experiments where the optical illusion is encouraged
as a facilitator of the task, promoting a perception
of a target that appears smaller, improves performance
in the technical gesture
Discriminative capacity of the Spanish version of the Inventory of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms-II (IDAS-II) for detecting DMS-5 specific disorders and poor quality of life in a clinical sample
Get PDFBackground Emotional problems can be evaluated using categorical approaches to guide treatment choices
focused on targeting specific disorders, or dimensional approaches to reduce symptom severity. Moreover, recent
evidence points out the need to intervene in patients’ quality of life (QoL), which often remains low even after the
remission of emotional problems. Thus, assessment instruments are needed to provide information on diagnosis,
symptom severity, and QoL. The present study aimed to provide diagnostic and QoL cutoffs for the Inventory of
Depression and Anxiety Symptoms-II (IDAS-II).
Methods 273 patients recruited from mental health services in Huelva (Spain) completed the IDAS-II, Mini
International Neuropsychiatric Interview, and Short Form-36 Health Survey. Receiver operating characteristic curve
analyses were used to establish cutoff values. Diagnostic, balanced, and screening cutoffs were provided for each
IDAS-II scale to detect corresponding diagnoses and poor QoL.
Results The specific IDAS-II scales Suicidality, Panic, Social Anxiety, Claustrophobia, and Traumatic Intrusions showed
adequate discrimination values for their corresponding diagnoses (suicidal behavior disorder, panic disorder, social
anxiety disorder, agoraphobia, and post-traumatic stress disorder, respectively). Both the General Depression and
Dysphoria scales showed adequate ability to detect major depressive disorder. The IDAS-II scales showed a higher
discrimination ability for Mental Health-related QoL, than for General Health-related QoL.
Conclusions The diagnostic and QoL cutoffs expand the clinical utility of the IDAS-II in clinical practice and research,
making it a comprehensive, detailed, and versatile self-report tool. The IDAS-II allows for the assessment of emotional
problems consistent with the dimensional, categorical, transdiagnostic, and QoL approaches.Proyecto I + D + i PID2020-116187RB-I00, financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades del Gobierno de España, Agencia Estatal de Investigación MICIU/AEI/ y Proyecto FPU19/00144 financiado por MICIU/AEI/ y por ESF Investing in your future.Departamento de Psicología Clínica, Experimental y Socia
Low-cost edge computing system for basketball video auto-production and analysis: a study-case for university campuses
Get PDFEl deporte al interior de las instituciones educativas usualmente se limita tradicionalmente al aspecto formativo y competitivo amateur. Esto junto a factores de financiamiento hacen que no resulte usual la transmisión de los partidos, o la aplicación de tecnologías disruptivas como el análisis de juego a partir de los videos. En este aspecto, proponemos el diseño de un sistema de bajo costo para la realización de producciones automáticas y transmisiones de video de baloncesto en competencias aficionadas y campus universitarios, los cuales pueden encontrar restrictivos los costos de soluciones de este tipo orientadas a ligas profesionales. Este sistema estará compuesto de unidades de cómputo en el borde capaces de realizar la transmisión y análisis del video, así como de los subsistemas para el control y gestión de estas. Consideramos que la implementación de esta propuesta en campus universitarios ayudaría a potenciar el desarrollo de los equipos de baloncesto universitario, tanto en competitividad como en sentido de pertenencia por parte de su comunidadSports within educational institutions are usually limited to the formative and amateur competitive aspect. This, along with funding factors, makes it uncommon for games to be broadcast or for disruptive technologies such as video game analysis to be applied. In this regard, we propose the design of a low-cost system for the automatic production and transmission of basketball videos in amateur leagues and university campuses, which may find the costs of professional league-oriented solutions restrictive. This system will be composed of edge computing units capable of transmitting and analyzing video, as well as subsystems for their control and management. We believe that the implementation of this proposal on university campuses would help to enhance the development of university basketball teams, both in terms of competitiveness and sense of belonging within their communit
Innovación en la agroindustria de la guayaba en la Hoya del Río Suárez (Colombia)
Get PDFAgro-industry plays a fundamental role in Colombia’s agricultural and livestock economic activity, especially in some areas such as the Hoya del Río Suárez, where guava is grown. One of the main challenges of this agro-industry is to significantly improve quality levels, according to the demanding requirements of the current market. The aim of this research was to carry out an analysis and diagnosis to identify the state of innovation in the guava agro-ndustry in the Hoya del Río Suárez. It explores the innovation activities implemented in the factories, concerning organisational management, marketing, products and processes, resources and capacities for such innovation practices. A descriptive mixed approach methodology was used with a non-experimental field design, which included the application of a survey addressed to the managers of a sample of 47 companies in this area of study. The results identify a positive association between the size and age of the company and innovation. Likewise, the most developed types of innovation are new products and transformation and marketing processes, with organisational management being the least developed.Historia, Geografía y Antropologí
Foliation and magnetic fabrics associated with fold interference in the Pyrenean Axial Zone (La Seu d’Urgell, Lleida)
Get PDFLa zona de estudio, en las inmediaciones de La Seu d’Urgell (Zona
Axial pirenaica), está constituida por una serie estratigráfica de rocas
Cambro-Ordovícicas, en su mayoría detríticas, donde la discordancia
Sarda se identifica claramente entre la Serie de Jujols y la Fm. Conglomerados de la Rabassa. Las principales estructuras son pliegues N-S
de plano axial subhorizontal que muestran una foliación asociada, bien
desarrollada en los niveles pelíticos (y claramente visibles en lámina
delgada) y pobremente desarrollada en los niveles de arenisca. En los
conglomerados suprayacentes a la discordancia Sarda (Fm. Conglomerados de la Rabassa) la foliación regional se caracteriza por tener sobreimpuestas bandas de cizalla conjugadas que rodean los clastos. Las
fábricas magnéticas (principalmente paramagnéticas) son coherentes
con las microestructuras observadas a pesar de que la correspondencia entre los ejes de las fábricas magnéticas y los ejes de las estructuras
observadas en el campo no es sencilla. El máximo de las direcciones de
lineación es bimodal (N-S y E-W), lo cual puede ser interpretado como el
resultado de una interferencia de pliegues (tipo 2 de RamsayThe study area, in the vicinity of La Seu d’Urgell (Pyrenean Axial
Zone), is composed of a stratigraphic series of Cambro-Ordovician
rocks, mostly detrital, where the Sardic unconformity can be clearly identified, between the Jujols Series and Rabassa conglomerates
Formation. The main structures are N-S folds with horizontal axial
surfaces, that show an associated cleavage, well developed in the
pelitic levels (and clearly distinguished in thin sections) and more
poorly developed in the sandstone levels. In the conglomerates
overlying the Sardic unconformity (Rabassa conglomerates Fm.) the
regional cleavage is characterized by superposed conjugate shear
bands surrounding the clasts. Magnetic fabrics (mainly paramagnetic) are consistent with the observed microstructures,although the
correspondence of axes between the magnetic fabric and the structures observed in the field is not straightforward. The orientation of
lineation directions are bimodal (N-S and E-W), a fact that can be
interpreted as the result of fold interference (type 2 of Ramsay
Impact of hyponatremia in patients hospitalized in Internal Medicine units Hyponatremia in Internal Medicine units
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to analyze the impact and the clinical and evolutionary characteristics of hypotonic hyponatremia in patients hospitalized in Internal Medicine units. Prospective multicenter observational study of patients with hypotonic hyponatremia (<135 mmol/L) in 5 hospitals in southern Spain. Patients were included according to point prevalence studies carried out every 2 weeks between March 2015 and October 2017, by assessing demographic, clinical, analytical, and management data; each patient was subsequently followed up for 12 months, during which time mortality and readmissions were assessed. A total of 501 patients were included (51.9% women, mean age = 71.3 ± 14.24 years), resulting in an overall prevalence of hyponatremia of 8.3%. The mean comorbidities rate was 4.50 ± 2.41, the most frequent diagnoses being heart failure (115) (23%), respiratory infections (65) (13%), and oncological pathologies (42) (6.4%). Of the total number of hyponatremia cases, 180 (35.9%) were hypervolemic, 164 (32.7%) hypovolemic, and 157 (31.3%) were euvolemic. A total of 87.4% did not receive additional diagnostic tests to establish the origin of the condition and 30% did not receive any treatment. Hospital mortality was 15.6% and the mean length of stay was 14.7 days. Euvolemic and admission hyponatremia versus hyponatremia developed during admission were significantly associated with lower mortality rates (P = .037). Mortality at 1 year and readmissions were high (31% and 53% of patients, respectively). Hyponatremia was common in Internal Medicine areas, with hypervolemic hyponatremia being the most frequent type. The mortality rate was high during admission and at follow-up; yet there is a margin for improvement in the clinical management of this condition
Fray Antonio de Guevara's Contribution to Spanish Storytelling in the First Half of the 16Th Century: The story of the slave and the lion and the story of the three courtesans
No full textEn este trabajo se pretende estudiar la labor literaria de fray Antonio de Guevara a partir del tratamiento que hace
de la narrativa breve y su confrontación con el estado evolutivo de este género durante la primera mitad del siglo
XVI. Para ello, se va a atender a la elaboración del relato guevariano mediante el análisis de dos cuentos insertos
en sendas cartas pertenecientes al Libro primero de las epístolas familiares (1539): el relato del esclavo y el león (I, 28) y
la historia de las tres cortesanas (I, 63). Se analiza el empleo de la fuente clásica escogida para la elaboración de los
textos, las características narrativas de los mismos y su transcendencia en la literatura posterior. Igualmente se
examina la capacidad de experimentación del autor mediante la convergencia de los géneros narrativo y epistolar.The aim of this paper is to study fray Antonio de Guevara’s literary work through his treatment of the short story
and his confrontation with the development of this genre in the first half of the sixteenth century. To this end, we
will examine the development of Guevara’s narrative through the analysis of two stories inserted in two letters
belonging to the Libro primero de las epístolas familiares (1539): the story of the slave and the lion (I, 28) and the story
of the three courtesans (I, 63). It analyses the use of the classical source chosen for the composition of the texts,
their narrative characteristics and their transcendence in later literature. It also examines the author’s capacity for
experimentation through the convergence of narrative and epistolary genres
Tollos, Mud, and Cynics: Lexicon and Characterization in a Metrical Polyptych in Lope de Vega's El acero de Madrid
No full textEste trabajo estudia una célebre comedia de Lope de Vega, El acero de Madrid, partiendo de un detalle lexicográfico que permite analizar cómo el Fénix caracteriza a los personajes, amén de reflexionar sobre mecanismos presentes no solo en esta comedia, sino en otras muchas de Lope. Concretamente, examinamos dos cancioncillas populares que glosan Lisardo, Riselo y Beltrán en los actos I y II. En primer lugar, estudiamos el sentido de la palabra «tollo», que aparece en la segunda glosa, recurriendo a testimonios de los lexicógrafos del momento y a otras ocurrencias del peculiar vocablo en la obra lopesca. En segundo lugar, analizamos las glosas en el contexto de una práctica de Lope: los sonetos y octavas alternadas (en díptico o políptico). En tercer lugar, reflexionamos sobre la genealogía de los comentarios que pronuncian Riselo y Beltrán en estas glosas, que estudiamos recurriendo a otras comedias de Lope y a La Dorotea, así como a una tradición que en último término se remonta a La Celestina.This paper studies a famous comedy by Lope de Vega, El acero de Madrid, departing from a lexicographical detail that allows us to analyze how the playwright builds his characters, as well as to reflect on certain mechanisms present not only in this comedy, but in many others by Lope. Specifically, we examine two popular songs which Lisardo, Riselo, and Beltrán gloss in Acts I and II. First, we study the meaning of the word “tollo”, which appears in the second glosa, resorting to testimonies of the lexicographers of the time and to other occurrences in the Lopean corpus. Secondly, we analyze the glosas in the context of one of Lope's habits: introducing paired sonnets and octavas (in diptychs or polyptychs). Thirdly, we reflect on the genealogy of the comments pronounced by Riselo and Beltrán in these glosas, which we study by resorting to other comedies by Lope and La Dorotea, as well as to a tradition that ultimately stems from La Celestina
