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Religión islámica en prisión y mujeres marroquíes presas en España
Get PDFThe main aim of this paper is to investigate how Moroccan women prisoners interpret and practice
their religion in prison and the consequences of this in their lives, on an individual level and on a group level,
in short the role religion plays for them in prison. Based on the qualitative method, and by using in-depth
interviews as the investigative technique, the results show that, in general, religion brings important benefits
such as psychological well being, helping the women prisoners to adapt to prison life, alleviating the pain of
separation from their children and giving them hope for the future.
However, the Islamic religion is the principal point of difference among the Moroccan women prisoners,
according to the degree of influence that they exercise over each other which is influenced by various factors:
where they come from, their socialization process and for the time that they have spent in prison. Based on
these factors three distinct profiles for Moroccan women prisoners have been identified which differentiate
them as women and as prisoners. In short, our results show that religion is key to understanding the identity
of these women in prison. Our work opens a new line of investigation that encompasses religion, gender,
nationality and prison not addressed until nowEl objetivo principal de este trabajo ha sido investigar cómo las mujeres marroquíes presas en
España interpretan y practican su religión islámica en prisión y qué consecuencias les reporta esta práctica
en sus vidas, tanto a nivel individual como de grupo, así como el papel que juega la religión Islámica en prisión
para ellas. Basándonos en la metodología cualitativa, utilizando entrevistas en profundidad como técnica de
investigación, los resultados muestran que, en general, la religión les aporta importantes beneficios, como
bienestar psicológico, ayudándolas a adaptarse a la vida en prisión, aliviando el sufrimiento de estar alejadas
de sus hijos y dándoles esperanza para el futuro.
Además, la religión islámica es el principal elemento que las diferencia entre ellas, según el distinto
grado de influencia que ejerce sobre las mismas lo que viene dado por varios factores: por sus contextos de
origen, por sus procesos de socialización y por el tiempo que llevan en prisión. En función de estos factores
se han identificado tres perfiles distintos de presas marroquíes, que las diferencia como mujeres y como
presas. En definitiva, nuestros resultados muestran que la religión es clave para entender la identidad de
estas mujeres en prisión. Nuestro trabajo abre una nueva línea de investigación que engloba religión, género,
nacionalidad y prisión, no abordada hasta ahoraSociología, Trabajo Social y Salud Públic
Isla Mayor : impacto económico, social y cultural del cangrejo rojo americano
Get PDFLas denominadas (EEI) Especies Exóticas Invasoras son el mayor motivo de la pérdida de biodiversidad después de la destrucción de hábitats y la fragmentación del paisaje (Williamson,1996; Walker & Steffen 1997), convirtiéndose en uno de los principales argumentos por lo que las políticas tanto a nivel global como local se ven enfrentadas.
En este sentido, la relación de los aspectos sociales y económicos con las EEI y probablemente por la dificultad que engendra la medición de impactos negativos o positivos, no han sido objeto de la atención necesaria para tener una visión más clara de la situación que pueden propiciar en algunos casos.
Para poder valorar estos impactos tanto a nivel socio cultural como económico y antropológico, se ha utilizado la experiencia revelada en la población marismeña de Isla Mayor, junto al Parque de Natural Doñana desde sus inicios históricos hasta el momento en que se implanta la especie exótica invasora "procambarus clarkii" conocida como cangrejo rojo americano y su posterior expansión, captura y comercialización.
Las conclusiones que se obtengan tanto a nivel económico como socio cultural espero que puedan servir como información tanto para una posterior toma de decisiones políticas y legales relacionada con el cangrejo rojo americano o "procambarus clarkii", su captura y comercialización, obteniendo posiblemente una visión distinta de la que en un principio se pudiera tener en lo referente al impacto que, sobre la biodiversidad y el ecosistema, sus ventajas e inconvenientes.The so-called (IAS) Invasive Exotic Species are the main reason for the loss of biodiversity after the destruction of habitats and the fragmentation of the landscape (Williamson, 1996; Walker & Steffen 1997), becoming one of the main arguments why Policies at both the global and local levels are in conflict.
In this sense, the relationship of social and economic aspects with IAS and probably due to the difficulty engendered by measuring negative or positive impacts, have not been the subject of the necessary attention to have a clearer vision of the situation that they can cause. in some cases.
In order to assess these impacts at both a socio-cultural, economic and anthropological level, the experience revealed in the marsh population of Isla Mayor, next to the Dofiana Natural Park, has been used from its historical beginnings to the moment in which the invasive exotic species is implemented. "procambarus clarkii" known as the American red crab and its subsequent expansion, capture and commercialization.
I hope that the conclusions obtained both at an economic and socio-cultural level can serve as information for subsequent political and legal decisionmaking related to the American red crab or "procambarus clarkii", its capture and commercialization, obtaining Possibly a different vision than the one that could have been initially had in relation to the impact on biodiversity and the ecosystem, its advantages and disadvantages.Historia, Geografía y Antropologí
Professional experiences of spanish advanced practice nurses: qualitative research
Get PDFBackground Advanced practice nursing has emerged as a result of the evolution of healthcare systems, the
changing needs of the population and the academic development of nursing, as well as sociodemographic and
epidemiological changes. The aim of this study is to describe the professional experiences of Spanish advanced
practice nurses in specific positions within the healthcare system in order to better understand the development and
characteristics of this specialised nursing role.
Methods A descriptive qualitative study was conducted. Fourteen advanced practice nurses from healthcare centres
participated. Semi-structured interviews were carried out. Braun and Clarke’s method for reflexive thematic analysis
was followed. The Atlas. Ti version 22 program was used for technological support. The COREQ checklist was used to
optimise the reporting of this qualitative study.
Results From the analysis of the data collected, three themes and six subthemes were extracted: 1) Advanced
practice nursing on the rise: (a) The driving forces in the development of advanced practice nursing, (b) Barriers to
the development of advanced practice nursing; 2) Advanced practice nurses as a response to the population’s needs:
(a) The development of a new professional nursing role, (b) The patient at the centre of care in advanced practice
nursing; 3) Training as the foundation for advanced practice nursing: (a) Expert nurses in a specific context, (b)
Differences in the level of training depending on the context.
Conclusion Advanced practice nurses have faced countless barriers and difficulties that have impeded them from
demonstrating their importance and effectiveness within the healthcare system. A stable regulatory framework for
the functions of advanced practice nurses is required to promote care, training and research in the field of advanced
practice nursing. Health institutions need to promote the role of advanced practice nurses, facilitate the employment
of new professionals, and establish new areas of practiceThe authors would like to thank all the advanced practice nurses who
participated in the study. Their time and expertise made this study viable.
We thank the Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Medicine at the
University of Almeria, the Research Group Health Sciences CTS-451 and Centro
de Investigación en Salud (CEINSA) and the Research Group Health Sciences
HIGIA CTS-500 at the University of HuelvaEnfermerí
Social Learning on TikTok: The Community as a Literacy Axis on Blood Donation
Get PDFEsta investigación examina la creación de conocimientos en redes sociales sobre la donación de sangre, el papel de las comunidades virtuales y su capacidad para atraer donantes. Se aplica una metodología en dos pasos que parte de entrevistas a las instituciones gestoras de la hemodonación en España (N=21) y concluye con el análisis de los comentarios de 61 testimonios de donantes en TikTok (N=1.606), por ser la red social con menor presencia institucional y donde predomina la Generación Z, necesaria para el relevo generacional. Los resultados muestran que la donación de sangre en España se observa desde una óptica positiva donde las quejas escasean o se relativizan y la comunidad favorece la imitación del comportamiento gracias al sentimiento de orgullo y agradecimiento a donantes. El conocimiento se genera tanto de aportaciones de los creadores como de las audiencias y se enfoca a informar sobre el proceso, condiciones y consecuencias, defendiendo su carácter voluntario y altruista. En conjunto, se produce un aprendizaje social, grupal y colaborativo, con mayor éxito en aquellos contenidos compartidos por perfiles sanitarios, pero apoyado en todos los usuarios. Se concluye que TikTok ejerce un papel relevante en la alfabetización y en la concientización sobre la hemodonación a partir de la inteligencia colectiva de la comunidad virtual que repercutirá en el relevo de donantes gracias a los modelos de comportamiento que obtienen reconocimiento social en la redThis research examines the creation of knowledge on social networks about blood donation, the role of virtual communities and their potential to attract donors. We applied a two-step methodology, starting by interviews with blood donation management institutions in Spain (N=21) and concluding with the analysis of comments from 61 donor testimonials on TikTok (N=1,606). This social network was chosen because of the scarce institutional presence and the predominance of Generation Z, which is necessary for generational change. The results show that blood donation in Spain is seen from a positive perspective, where complaints are rare or relativised and the community encourages the behaviour imitation thanks to the feeling of pride and gratitude to donors. Knowledge is generated both from the contributions of creators and audiences and is focused on informing about the process, conditions and consequences, supporting its voluntary and altruistic nature. Overall, social, group and collaborative learning takes place, with greater success in those contents shared by health profiles but supported by all users. We conclude that TikTok plays a relevant role in the literacy and awareness of blood donation based on the virtual community collective intelligence, which will affect the donor relay thanks to the behavioural models that obtain social recognitionPedagogí
Relationship between behavioral tendencies and facial expressions: Implications for social anxiety disorder
Get PDFLos seres humanos nos acercamos y alejamos de
estímulos y situaciones que nos agradan y desagradan,
respectivamente. Este es un proceso que compartimos
con el resto de los seres vivos. Los factores
que determinan las conductas de aproximación y
evitación son complejos y se mantienen en continua
interacción. En concreto, se pueden establecer a partir
de la asociación entre estímulos, entre estímulos y
respuestas, entre diferentes conductas o cogniciones,
integrándose en constructos como la personalidad,
que nos permiten situar en un continuo relativamente
estable las tendencias conductuales que caracterizan
a cada individuo. En esta revisión narrativa nos
centraremos en las expresiones faciales emocionales,
como estímulos informativos de gran relevancia social
que activan conductas de aproximación y evitación
en el perceptor. A partir de este conocimiento,
profundizaremos en la importancia de la medida y
análisis de las tendencias conductuales asociadas a
las expresiones faciales en persona con trastorno de
ansiedad social.Human beings approach and avoid stimuli and
situations that please and displease us, respectively.
This is a process that we share with the rest of living
beings. The factors that determine approach and
avoidance behaviors are complex and involve continuous
interaction. Specifically, they can be established
from the association between stimuli, between
stimuli and responses, and between different behaviors
or cognitions, integrating into constructs such
as personality, which allow us to place on a relatively
stable continuum the behavioral tendencies that characterize
each individual. In this narrative review, we
will focus on emotional facial expressions as informative
stimuli of great social relevance that activate
approach and avoidance behaviors in the perceiver.
With this knowledge, we will deepen in the importance
of measuring and analyzing the behavioral tendencies
associated with facial expressions in people
with social anxiety disorder
Development of digital competences: keys for arts education
Get PDFEsta investigación analiza el desarrollo de las competencias digitales en la enseñanza superior, mediante el uso de herramientas digitales para la creación visual. Para ello, se han combinado las metodologías de Investigación Artística, Investigación Educativa basada en las Artes Visuales e Investigación Educativa. Al tratarse de un registro descriptivo y visual se ha empleado un cuestionario e instrumentos visuales a estudiantes del grado de Informática y Tecnología Multimedia de la Universidad de Costa Rica (N=294), correspondientes al curso lectivo 2017-2020. Se trabajó con una muestra de 100 imágenes resultantes del proceso creativo-didáctico del estudiantado. Los resultados muestran la relación entre el aprendizaje estético y técnico digital, desde la valoración por parte del alumnado y el proceso expresivo visual. Las conclusiones confirman la huella híbrida generada por el uso de las herramientas digitales, que influyen en la formación técnico-creativa e integral del individuoThis research analyzes the development of digital competences in higher education, through the use of digital tools for visual creation. For this purpose, it has combined the methodologies of Artistic Research, Educational Research based on Visual Arts and Educational Research. Being a descriptive and visual record, it has been used a survey and visual instruments to students of the degree of Informatics and Multimedia Technology of the University of Costa Rica (N=294), corresponding to the 2017-2020 academic year. It was worked with a sample of 100 images resulting from the creative-didactic process of the students. The results show the relationship between digital aesthetic and technical learning, from the valuation by the students and the visual expressive process. The conclusions confirm the hybrid footprint generated using digital tools, which influence the technical-creative and integral formation of the individua
From traditional to multimodal ecosystems: an evolutionary change in the universities
Get PDFEste trabajo cuantitativo transeccional con correlacional tuvo el objetivo de identificar el nivel de satisfacción en los estudiantes que optaron por en el ecosistema multimodal en una universidad pública en México durante la Pandemia por Covid-19. Los resultados sugieren que mayor parte de los participantes (n = 4,151, DE ± 0.504) mostraron niveles altos de satisfacción bajo el esquema multimodal, de los cuales, más del más del 80% manifestaron su disposición de continuar estudiando bajo el esquema multimodal. La elección de la modalidad híbrida, la interacción interpersonal y la autoeficacia en el uso de software de internet fueron los aspectos más importantes que se correlacionaron con la satisfacción estudiantil universitaria en la multimodalidad. No se encontraron diferencias significativas (p > 0.05) entre el estado de la empleabilidad de los participantes a la par de sus estudios por la multimodalidad, entre su género, su estado civil, su experiencia previa en la multimodalidad, y sobre su elección de las asignaturas multimodales cursadasWe worked under a quantitative approach with a transactional design and correlational scope with the objective of identifying the level of satisfaction in students who opted for the multimodal ecosystem at a public university in Mexico during the Covid-19 Pandemic. The results suggest that most of the participants (n = 4,151, SD ± 0.504) showed high levels of satisfaction under the multimodal scheme, of which, more than 80% expressed their willingness to continue studying under the multimodal scheme. The choice of the hybrid modality, interpersonal interaction, and self-efficacy in the use of Internet software were the most important aspects that were correlated with university student satisfaction in multimodality. No significant differences were found (p > 0.05) between the employability status of the participants along with their multimodality studies, between their gender, their marital status, their previous experience in multimodality, and their choice of the multimodal subjects take
The Morés trough (Iberian Chain): Triassic extension and Cenozoic inversion
Get PDFLa Fosa de Morés (Rama Aragonesa de la Cordillera Ibérica)
está rellena por materiales de edad triásica (facies germánica) que
se superponen discordantes sobre materiales paleozoicos plegados
y fracturados. La cuenca está delimitada por dos grandes fallas de
dirección NW–SE, la falla normal de Purroy, invertida localmente, y
la falla inversa de Inogés. Pliegues, cabalgamientos y fallas normales
de dirección similar se observan dentro de la cuenca. Los cortes geológicos y los datos de estratificación y fracturación han permitido dar
una interpretación de las diferentes estructuras de los márgenes de
la cuenca. Una primera etapa extensional triásica dio lugar a fallas
normales sinsedimentarias, como la falla de Purroy, y estructuras
en horsts y grabens a escala mesoestructural. Una segunda etapa,
de carácter compresivo, produjo en el Cenozoico la reactivación de
fallas con componente inversa y la formación de plieguesThe Mores Trough (Aragonese Branch of the Iberian Chain) is
filled by rocks of Triassic age (Germanic facies) unconformably overlying folded and fractured Paleozoic materials. The trough is delimited by two major NW–SE faults, the Purroy normal fault to the northeast, locally inverted, and the Inogés reverse fault to the southwest.
In addition, other structures of a similar direction to the faults, such
as folds, thrusts and normal faults can be found within the basin.
Geological cross-sections and the measurement and interpretation
of bedding and fracture data have allowed to give an interpretation
of the different structures found in both basin boundaries. A first extensional stage during the Triassic produced synsedimentary normal
faults, as the Purroy fault, and mesoscale horst and graben structures. A second compressive stage of Cenozoic age led to the reactivation of faults with a reverse component and the formation of fold
El uso de herramientas de inteligencia artificial en materia de violencia de género: ¿Una adecuada estrategia preventiva y represiva?
Get PDFLa presente investigación parte
de una aproximación conceptual de la inteligencia artificial, así como del fenómeno de
la violencia de género. Desde una perspectiva criminológica, se examina la naturaleza
estructural de esta violencia, proporcionando un marco sólido para el análisis posterior,
enfocado en la aplicación de la ia en este
contexto. Se realiza un estudio de las aplicaciones actuales y futuras de estas herramientas, esencialmente en el contexto español, en
un escenario tan complejo y delicado, destacando tanto las potencialidades que ofrecen
como los desafíos que plantean. En concreto, se discuten los problemas vinculados con
una aparente neutralidad de la ia que, sin
embargo, puede favorecer el fortalecimiento
de desigualdades y el mantenimiento de una
violencia simbólica que pueda resultar contraproducente en este contextoThis research starts from a conceptual approach to artificial intelligence, as
well as to the phenomenon of gender-based
violence. From a criminological perspective,
it examines the structural nature of this violence, providing a solid framework for the
subsequent analysis, focused on the application of ai in this context. A study is made of
the current and future applications of these
tools, essentially in the Spanish context, in
such a complex and delicate scenario, highlighting both the potentialities they offer
and the challenges they pose. In particular, it
discusses the problems linked to the apparent neutrality of ai, which, however, may favor the reinforcement of inequalities and the
maintenance of symbolic violence that may
be counterproductive in this contex
Sedimentary environmental quality of a biosphere reserve estuary in southwestern Iberian Peninsula
Get PDFThe Huelva estuary is formed by the common mouths of the Odiel and Tinto Rivers, and inside this ecosystem is the biosphere reserve of the Odiel saltmarshes. This ecosystem has been historically affected by acid mine drainage (AMD) and by releases of pollutants from five phosphoric acid industrial plants and phosphogypsum (PG) waste stacks located in the area. This study carried out a comprehensive assessment of the environmental impact of the biosphere reserve of the Odiel saltmarshes. To this end, it was necessary to find a suitable sedimentary background (Piedras River in our case). To quantify this impact, several pollution indexes were used. According to the values reached by the indexes, this impact was classified as "serious" pollution for most trace elements, excepting the deepest layers, and "low-moderate" pollution for the 238U-series radionuclides, while no pollution for the 232Th-series and 40K radionuclides was found as expected.This research was partially funded by the University of Huelva and
the Operative FEDER Program-Andalusia 2014-2020 (UHU-1255876,
UHU-202020); The European Regional Development Fund through the
Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities' Research
Agency (research grants PID2020-116461RB-C21 and 116461RA-C22);
and the Andalusian government (I + D + i-JAPAIDI-Retos, project Ref.:
PY20_00096, and Diagnosis and proposals for the environmental recovery
of areas affected by industrial and mining activities; Implications
for the Huelva estuary (RESTOREHU), Ref.: TED2021-130361B-I00).
Jos´e Luis Guerrero thanks the Spanish Ministry of Universities for the
Margarita Salas research grant.Ciencias Integrada