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Factors that Contribute to the Economic Sustainability of Social Innovation Experiences Located in Cauca – Colombia
No full textEl texto tiene como objetivo principal determinar
los factores internos que contribuyen
a la sostenibilidad económica de las experiencias
de innovación social en contextos latinoamericanos,
centrándose en el departamento
del Cauca, Colombia. Se aborda el desafío de
asegurar la sostenibilidad económica en estas
experiencias, destacando la importancia de obtener
recursos sin comprometer la esencia colectiva.
Se incluye una revisión bibliografía para
identificar los distintos factores que influyen en
la sostenibilidad económica y se ratifican mediante
su análisis en dos experiencias de innovación
social, permitiendo el establecimiento
de una estrategia sustentada en modelos de
negocios que incluya componentes comunitarios,
de mercado y no relacionados con el
mercado, donde factores como el liderazgo,
asociatividad, empoderamiento comunitario y
desarrollo del capital humano y relacional son
sumamente fundamentales. De esta forma, el
articulo proporciona perspectivas para alcanzar
la sostenibilidad económica y sugiere futuras
exploraciones en áreas como la sostenibilidad
ambiental y social.The main objective of the text is to determine
the internal factors that contribute to the
economic sustainability of social innovation
experiences in Latin American contexts, focusing
in the Cauca state, Colombia. It addresses
the challenge of ensuring economic sustainability
in these experiences, highlighting the
importance of obtaining resources without
compromising the collective essence. A literature
review is included to identify the different
factors that influence economic sustainability
and are ratified through their analysis in two
experiences of social innovation, allowing the
establishment of a strategy based on business
models that include community, market and
non-market components, where factors such
as leadership, associativity, community empowerment
and development of human and
relational capital are extremely fundamental.
In this way, the article provides perspectives
for achieving economic sustainability and suggests
future explorations in areas such as environmental
and social sustainability
Loneliness and health in old age: a multivariate analysis with Spanish Red Cross users living alone
No full textThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between loneliness, social relationships (family and non-family), and perceived health status in older people living alone. The sample included 306 Spanish older adults aged 65-95 (M = 78.08, SD = 6.95) that lived alone and were Red Cross users. Bivariate relationships were tested prior to explore influence on perceived health of continuous scores with a significant impact in bivariate tests using a Staged-Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis. Main results: older participants showed worse health status and less frequent and close relationships with their family and friends as well as higher risk of non-familial isolation. Aditionally, participants with lower perceived health status were those with less frequent and closer both family and non-family relations, higher sense of loneliness, and the older. 17.9% of the explained variance in perceived health status was significantly predicted by non-family relations, feeling of loneliness, and age.This research highlights the importance of having a network of friends both to prevent and mitigate feelings of loneliness, and to improve the health of older people. This is especially relevant because it facilitates interventions and the incorporation of appropriate strategies to manage loneliness, ultimately enhancing the quality of care for older people living alone.Objectives: This study investigated the relationships between loneliness, social relations (family and non-family), and perceived health in older people living alone in Spain. Methods: The sample included 306 Spanish older adults aged 6595 (M = 78.08, SD = 6.95) who lived alone and were Red Cross users. Bivariate relationships were tested before conducting a Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis to examine the impact of both objective and subjective components of loneliness on perceived health. Results: Older participants showed worse health status, less frequent and less close relationships with their family and friends, and a higher risk of non-family isolation. Additionally, participants with lower perceived health were found to have both less frequent and closer family and non-family relations, a higher sense of loneliness, and were older. Multivariate analysis revealed that non-family relations, feelings of loneliness, and age significantly predicted 17.9% of the explained variance in perceived health (adjusted R2 = .18, p < .001). Conclusions: This research highlights the importance of non-family relations in preventing and mitigating feelings of loneliness and improving older people's health. These findings are particularly important as they inform the development of effective interventions and strategies to manage loneliness, ultimately enhancing the quality of care for older individuals living alone. Such strategies should be designed to increase opportunities to expand the non-family networks.Psicología Social, Evolutiva y de la Educació
Reseña del libro de Antonio Gargano, Con aprendido canto. Tradiciones poéticas y perspectivas ideológicas en el cancionero amoroso de Garcilaso, Madrid, Iberoamericana, 2023, 722 pp.
No full textDeterminantes de la rentabilidad de las cajas de ahorro en Estados Unidos y el efecto moderador de la crisis pandémica
No full textThe pandemic crisis that began in 2020 and lasted until 2021 has raised
concerns about the impact on banking profitability. As a result, the global
banking system suffered a drop in the profitability of its banking business as
part of the crisis. Taking into account the problem of profitability in the banking
sector, some studies have been increasingly highlighted both in academia and
in the financial market. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the determinants
of bank profitability for banks operating in the savings segment in the United
States, for the periods between 2012 and 2022. To this end, four factors
explaining profitability (default rate, liquidity, solvency and productivity) were
analyzed for 57 banks. In addition, we wanted to assess the moderating effect
that the pandemic crisis had on the banking sector. To obtain the results, a
panel data analysis model was used, combining cross-section data (banks)
and time-series data (years), and a strongly balanced panel was obtained.
Four multiple linear regression models were then used, and it was possible to
identify liquidity and solvency as the main positive factors in bank profitability.
In contrast, the factors of default rate and productivity have a negative influence
on bank profitability. The results also show that banks with high default rates
had greater difficulties during the period of the pandemic crisis, that is, the
crisis negatively moderated the effect of default on profitabilityLa crisis pandémica que comenzó en 2020 y duró hasta 2021 ha suscitado
preocupación por su impacto en la rentabilidad bancaria. Como consecuencia,
el sistema bancario mundial sufrió una caída de la rentabilidad de su negocio
bancario en el marco de la crisis. En vista del problema de la rentabilidad en
el sector bancario, se ha hecho cada vez más hincapié en algunos estudios
tanto en el mundo académico como en el mercado financiero. Por lo tanto,
este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar los determinantes de la rentabilidad
bancaria para los bancos que operan en el segmento de ahorro en los Estados
Unidos de América, para los períodos comprendidos entre 2012 y 2022.
Para ello, se han analizado cuatro factores explicativos de la rentabilidad
(tasa de morosidad, liquidez, solvencia y productividad) para 57 bancos.
Además, se trató de evaluar el efecto moderador que tuvo la crisis pandémica
en el sector bancario. Para obtener los resultados, se utilizó un modelo
de análisis de datos de panel que combina datos de sección transversal
(bancos) y datos de serie temporal (años), obteniendo un panel fuertemente
equilibrado. A continuación, se utilizaron cuatro modelos de regresión lineal
múltiple y fue posible identificar la liquidez y la solvencia como los principales
factores positivos de la rentabilidad bancaria. Por el contrario, los factores
de morosidad y productividad influyen negativamente en la rentabilidad
bancaria. Los resultados también muestran que los bancos con altas tasas
de morosidad tuvieron mayores dificultades durante el periodo de la crisis
pandémica, es decir, la crisis moderó negativamente el efecto de la morosidad
en la rentabilidadCiencias Agroforestale
Developing edible oleogels structure prepared with emulsion-template approach based on soluble biopolymer complex
No full textThe utilization of edible oleogels as oil structures has been proven to comprise a suitable alternative to fat. In this research, whey protein concentrate (WPC) oleogel structure was designed and improved by the creation of a soluble complex of WPC-basil seed gum (BSG) and WPC-xanthan gum (XG) at different concentrations (0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 % w/w). The results showed increasing the hydrocolloids had positive effects on oleogel characteristics, which can preserve oil well in the microstructure network of oleogel. Additionally, the incorporation of hydrocolloids promoted stability of oleogels against stress and heat. Therefore, the centrifuge stability of WPC oleogel was 26 and increase to ~98 and 100 % in 0.6XG:WPC and 0.6BSG:WPC oleogels, respectively. The evaluation of the rheological properties revealed the predominant elastic behavior of the oleogles. Overall, the addition of either XG or BSG into WPC-based oleogel improved its physicochemical and mechanical characteristics. Moreover, oleogels prepared using 0.6 % BSG-5 % WPC exhibited the best properties.Ingeniería Química, Química Física y Ciencias de los MaterialesG.I. Ágora, Grupo de Estudios e Investigaciones Educativas en Tecnologías de la Comunicación, Orientación e Intervención Sociocultural (HUM 648
Sistemas agrícolas en el yacimiento de "La Orden-Seminario" (Huelva)
No full textEl objeto de estudio de esa Tesis doctoral es el análisis de las huellas de cultivo descubiertas y documentadas en el yacimiento
de La Orden-Seminario en las actividades arqueológicas llevadas a cabo desde mayo de 2005 hasta octubre de 2021.
El punto de partida de la investigación fue abordar el estudio de las tipologías de las huellas presentes en el yacimiento,
analizando su morfología, sus relaciones estratigráficas, el contenido artefactual y otros aspectos relevantes, con el objetivo
de construir un corpus interpretativo (cuya base empírica han sido las propias huellas) plasmado en un plano detallado y una
base de datos. A través del análisis de este corpus y con el objetivo general de definir los diferentes tipos de huellas, sus
asociaciones, funcionalidad y cronología, nuestra hipótesis de partida ha sido demostrar que las huellas más antiguas,
especialmente aquellas correspondientes a fosas y zanjas, representan la materialización física de cultivos de Vitis vinífera.
Los objetivos establecidos para el desarrollo de la investigación han sido múltiples y estratégicamente definidos: procesar la
documentación recopilada para su análisis e interpretación, definir las diferentes estructuras estudiadas, establecer su
adscripción cronológica y funcionalidad (para discriminar tipos y sistemas) y, finalmente, plantear la tesis a partir de la
exposición de los resultados del análisis e interpretación.
En lo que respecta a la metodología empleada, una vez completadas las fases relacionadas con el trabajo de campo, es decir,
la recopilación de datos, y construido el corpus o fundamento de trabajo mediante la creación de un plano detallado y una base
de datos, se procedió al tratamiento gráfico e informático de los datos. Para ello, se seleccionaron las estructuras objeto de
estudio, segregando las huellas de cultivo del resto de las estructuras documentadas en el yacimiento, y se analizaron las
estructuras que mantenían relaciones estratigráficas con las huellas, proporcionando información crucial sobre su disposición,
distribución e incluso “ausencias” Tras la conclusión de esta fase, se llevó a cabo un análisis arqueogeográfico y arqueomorfológico, utilizando la información
histórica y espacial obtenida en la fase anterior. Este análisis se basa en la arqueología del paisaje, aplicando conceptos y
modalidades espacio-temporales híbridos entre la morfología dinámica y la arqueomorfología. Estos enfoques han sido
adoptados y adaptados, en su mayor parte, de la terminología francesa introducida por Chouquer.
Nuestro análisis ha revelado que en el yacimiento hemos logrado documentar, hasta la fecha, un total de 11 sistemas de cultivo.
Estos sistemas tienen su origen, al menos, en el siglo X a.C. y perduran hasta bien avanzado el siglo XX. Además, hemos
observado que todos estos sistemas se alinean por isoclinia, siguiendo unas líneas de fuerza que han perdurado a lo largo del
tiempo (resiliencia) y que, hasta cierto punto, la urbanización actual ha adoptado.
Como se detalla en el documento, estos hallazgos representan un caso de estudio singular y, en cierto sentido, exclusivo, dentro
de la zona de Huelva. No encontramos un paralelismo claro en lo que respecta al registro arqueológico de este tipo de huellas
en el continente europeo en general, y en la zona mediterránea en particular. Como se podrá apreciar durante el desarrollo de
esta memoria, hemos documentado, por primera vez, las técnicas de la viticultura protohistórica en el extremo occidente.
La novedad y la importancia de nuestros hallazgos radican en varios aspectos clave. En primer lugar, destaca el notable número
de sistemas agrícolas que se superponen en el yacimiento. Por otro lado, hemos podido establecer relaciones significativas
entre las huellas de cultivo y otros tipos de estructuras presentes en el sitio arqueológico, lo que nos ha permitido establecer
una seriación cronológica de gran antigüedad.The subject of study of this doctoral Thesis is the analysis of the cultivation traces discovered and documented at the La
Orden-Seminario site during the archaeological activities carried out from May 2005 to October 2021.
The starting point of the research was to address the study of the typologies of the footprints present in the site, analyzing
their morphology, stratigraphic relationships, artifactual content, and other relevant aspects, with the aim of construct an
interpretative corpus, based on the empirical evidence provided by the footprints themselves, embodied in a detailed plan
and a database. Through the analysis of this corpus, and with the general objective of defining the different types of
footprints, their associations, functionality, and chronology, our initial hypothesis has been to demonstrate that the oldest
footprints, especially those corresponding to pits and ditches, represent the physical manifestation of Vitis vinifera crops.
The objectives established for the development of the research have been multiple and strategically defined: to process the
collected documentation for its analysis and interpretation, to define the different structures studied, to establish their
chronological ascription and functionality (for discriminating types and systems) and finally, to present the thesis based on
the results of the analysis and interpretation.
Regarding the methodology employed, once the methodological phases related to the fieldwork had been completed, i.e.,
data collection, and the corpus or working basis had been constructed by creating a detailed plan and a database, the data
were processed graphically and computationally. To this end, the structures under study were selected, segregating the
cropmarks from the rest of the structures documented at the site, and the structures that maintained stratigraphic
relationships with the cropmarks were analyzed, providing crucial information on their layout, distribution and even
"absences".
After the conclusion of this phase, an archaeogeographical and archaeomorphological analysis was conducted, using the
historical and spatial information obtained in the preceding phase. This analysis is based on landscape archaeology, applying
hybrid spatio-temporal concepts and modalities between dynamic morphology and archaeomorphology. These approaches
have largely been adopted and adapted from the French terminology introduced by Chouquer.
Our analysis has revealed that, to date, we have documented a total of 11 farming systems at the site. These systems have
their origin, at least, in the tenth century BC and persist until well into the twentieth century. Furthermore, we have observed
that all these systems are aligned along isocline, following lines of force that have endured over time (resilience). and to a
certain extent, have been adopted by current urbanization. As detailed in the document, these findings represent a singular and, in a certain sense, exclusive case study within the
Huelva area. We do not find a clear parallelism regarding the archaeological record of this type of footprints in the European
continent in general, and in the Mediterranean area in particular. As will be seen during the development of this report, we
have documented, for the first time, the techniques of protohistoric viticulture in the far west.
The novelty and importance of our findings lie in several key aspects. Firstly, there is the remarkable number of agricultural
systems that overlap at the site. On the other hand, we have been able to establish significant relationships between the
cultivation traces and other types of structures present in the archaeological site, which has allowed us to establish a
chronological seriation of great antiquity.
We want to emphasize that the topic is not new in terms of historiography. Archaeology has long revealed the antiquity of
wine-viticulture and its trade in the southern and western Mediterranean regions. The novelty lies precisely in the presence
of cultivation traces preserved from such an ancient period, which we have been fortunate to materialize in this doctoral
thesis.Historia, Geografía y Antropologí
Cervantes VR o la posibilidad de incluir la realidad virtual en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de Don Quijote
No full textIn an already fully digitalized and virtualized world like
the one we live in, innovation in education increasingly involves introducing ICT into the teaching-learning
process. Thus, it could be said that some of the priority
challenges facing our society are digital education and
the development of digital skills. Virtual reality, perhaps
our newest medium, is only just becoming established
in our daily lives, and yet it already offers a wealth of options for teaching a wide range of disciplines.
This article aims to explore some of the possibilities of
using virtual reality in the educational context, and more
specifically in the field of language and literature teaching. To this end, the RTVE and Iralta VR Cervantes VR
app is presented as a case study. The aim of the app is
to bring the life and work of Cervantes, and specifically
his work Don Quixote, closer to the general public. It
will be clear throughout these lines, therefore, how virtual reality is presented as a valuable resource for its use
in active teaching methodologies such as gamification,
and we will try to contribute to consolidate it as a possible effective teaching toolEn un mundo ya plenamente digitalizado y virtualizado como en el que vivimos, la innovación en materia
educativa pasa cada vez más a menudo por introducir
en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje las TIC. Así, se
podría decir que algunos de los retos prioritarios de
nuestra sociedad son la educación digital y el desarrollo de competencias digitales. La realidad virtual, quizás
nuestro medio de más reciente nacimiento, apenas está
consolidándose en nuestra vida cotidiana, y aun así son
ya numerosísimas las opciones que ofrece de cara a la
enseñanza de muy distintas disciplinas.
El presente artículo pretende explorar algunas de las posibilidades del uso de la realidad virtual en el contexto
educativo, y más específicamente en el ámbito de la didáctica de la lengua y la literatura. Para ello, se presenta
como caso de estudio la aplicación de RTVE e Iralta VR
Cervantes VR, cuya voluntad es acercar la vida y obra de
Cervantes, y en concreto el Quijote, al público general.
Quedará patente a lo largo de estas líneas, por tanto,
cómo la realidad virtual se presenta como un valioso
recurso de cara a su empleo en metodologías activas
de enseñanza como la gamificación o ludificación, y se
intentará contribuir a consolidarla como posible herramienta eficaz de enseñanz
The power of the widows in the confines of the kingdom of Seville (1530-1675). Defense and empowerment mechanisms in the rural area
No full textEste estudio pretende contribuir al empeño
historiográfico de visibilización de la mujer en
la Historia de la Edad Moderna (siglos XVI
y XVII). Para ello analizamos las ventajas y
limitaciones de la viudedad femenina en una
parte del Reino de Sevilla, cotejando el papel
asignado a las viudas en el ordenamiento legal
castellano con la realidad espacial del Andévalo
y parte de la Tierra Llana onubense.
Indagamos en los hogares encabezados por
viudas, analizando su importancia cuantitativa,
los mecanismos garantistas de la legislación
y la práctica social tendente a afianzar la
supervivencia femenina, como la reversión de la
dote, el usufructo vidual, el derecho a residencia
perpetua de la viuda en la casa del marido y
las mandas condicionadas, que muestran las
objeciones de muchos maridos a la hora de
consentir las segundas nupcias de las viudas.
La documentación notarial posibilita el estudio
de los mecanismos relativos a la asunción de la
jefatura familiar. El uso de la plena capacidad
legal les permite tener bajo su responsabilidad a
hijos menores de edad, administrar los recursos
familiares, solventar pleitos y negocios, desarrollar
su labor tutelar y garantizar el casamiento de los
hijos con el aporte de unas dotes y arras que,
además de avance de la legítima, son garantía de
la emancipación de los hijos y de la constitución
de nuevos hogares nuclearesThis study aims to contribute to the
historiographic effort to make women visible in
the History of the Modern Age (16th and 17th
centuries). To do this, we analyze the advantages
and limitations of female widowhood in a part
of the Kingdom of Seville, comparing the role
assigned to widows in the Castilian legal system
with the spatial reality of Andévalo and part of
the Flat Land of Huelva.
We investigate households headed by
widows, analyzing their quantitative importance,
the guaranteeing mechanisms of legislation and
social practice aimed at strengthening female
survival, such as the reversion of dowry, property
usufruct, the widow’s right to perpetual residence
in the husband’s house and the conditional orders,
which show the objections of many husbands
when it comes to consenting to the remarriage
of the widow. Notarial documentation makes it
possible to study the mechanisms related to the
assumption of family leadership. The use of full
legal capacity allows them to have minor children
under their responsibility, manage family
resources, settle lawsuits and businesses, carry
out their guardianship work and guarantee the
marriage of their children with the contribution
of dowries and deposits that, In addition to
the advancement of the legitimate, they are a
guarantee of the emancipation of children and
the constitution of new nuclear home
Active methodologies in the university: international bibliometric analysis (2003-2023)
No full textEl presente estudio examina el uso de metodologías activas en las titulaciones universitarias. Se seleccionan
y describen las investigaciones de los últimos veinte años a través de un análisis bibliométrico y temático de
artículos indexados en Google Académico, Scopus y Web of Science. Los resultados muestran el aumento
de las publicaciones en los últimos cinco años, teniendo a España, Brasil y Chile como los países que más
publican sobre este tema. Se observa la presencia de una mayoría de artículos en inglés, realizados en
coautoría de entre tres y cuatro personas, generalmente mujeres. Adicionalmente, prevalecen las
investigaciones basadas en estudios de caso con muestras pequeñas, elegidas por conveniencia, que
analizan las percepciones del alumnado y del profesorado participante en experiencias educativas específicas
en un período de tiempo reducido. En conclusión, las investigaciones analizadas coinciden en los beneficios
que aporta el uso de metodologías activas para el aprendizaje y bienestar del alumnado.The present study examines the use of active methodologies in university studies. It analyzes and describes
the last twenty years of research by conducting bibliometric and thematic analyses of indexed articles on
Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science. The results show an increase in publications over the last five
years. Spain, Brazil, and Chile are the countries that have published most on this topic. The majority of articles
are published in English, and they are co-authored by three to four people, generally women. In addition, there
is a prevalence of research based on case studies with small samples chosen for convenience, which
assesses the perceptions of students and teachers participating in specific educational experiences over a
short period of time. In conclusion, the research studies reviewed agree on the benefits provided by the use
of active methodologies for student learning and well-being.Pedagogí
Improving road safety through a novel crosswalk: Comprehensive material study with photoluminescent resin
No full textIt is well known that road safety is a major problem in cities, resulting in a large number of accidents with significant injuries and loss of life. Much of this problem occurs when vehicles interact with pedestrians. To try to minimize this problem to a large extent, a combined system using resins and a photoluminescent additive was proposed. To confirm the goodness of this material, a characterisation was carried out covering luminance, vibroacoustic and mechanical properties and a study of its photogrammetry under real conditions of use. A luminance of 68 mcd/m 2 at 20 min was confirmed, which would allow, by a wide margin, a pedestrian crossing to be observed in a vehicle more than 100 m away. The acoustic vibration test confirmed that the proposed system would provide a very efficient audible warning to pedestrians and would reduce the average vehicle speed by about 37 % overall, while in cases where vehicles have to stop for pedestrians, this reduction would be about 28 %. With the mechanical characterisation, it was possible to determine a vertical displacement of always less than 2 mm in vehicles with a wheel load of 12.5 kN, reaching a compressive and tensile strength of more than 56 MPa. The results obtained confirm a potential reduction in mortality of close to 110 %, and injuries by approximately 55 %, as a consequence of the reduction in vehicle speed. In addition, improved night-time visibility of pedestrian crossings would reduce deaths by 35 % and injuries by 26 %, while in the most favourable situations, these values would be 14 % and 10 % for deaths and injuries respectively. All this confirms the great advantage of the system for improving road safety in urban environmentsThe authors regret to inform that the correct funding reference for this article, which should have appeared on page 14, should have been MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, TIE, throughout the project PID2021-123130OB-I00. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.Ingeniería Electrónica, de Sistemas Informáticos y AutomáticaIngeniería Minera, Mecánica, Energética y de la Construcció