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Evaluation of commercial facemasks to reduce the radioactive dose of radon daughters
Get PDFCommercial facemasks have become a common tool during the COVID-19 pandemic.
They are cheap, simple to use and some are capable of filtering out most particles in the
air, protecting the user. These qualities are usually employed in relation to hurtful viruses
or contaminants, but they could also be used to prevent the radioactive dose due to
radon, which is the second leading cause of lung cancer worldwide. For that reason, the
main goal of this study is to verify if facemasks could prevent radon decay products from
entering the potential user’s lungs. Since these decay products are the main source of
radioactive dose, several commercial facemasks were tested by exposing them to radon
and then measuring the presence of radon daughters by gamma spectroscopy. Reusable
facemasks made from materials such as cotton, polyester or neoprene appeared to be
inefficient with only 40% filtering efficiency, Polypropylene woven masks being the only
exception, with 80% efficiency. Surgical masks presented filtering efficiencies between
90 and 98%. FFP3 and FFP2 proved to be the most reliable, almost completely filtering out
radon daughters with filtering efficiencies up to 98%. Results prove that the use of FFP3 and FFP2 facemasks could be a useful tool to reduce the radioactive dose due to
radon in places where other techniques cannot be used or are not advisable.The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or
publication of this article: This research was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation
and Universities, by means of the "Plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resiliencia",
funded by Next Generation European funds (NextGenerationEU) and managed by the University of
Huelva through the Requalification of the Spanish University System for 2021-2023.Ciencias Integrada
Holocene biogeography of the southwestern European white-toothed shrew (Crocidura iculisma, Eulipotyphla) through its fossil record
Get PDFCrocidura iculisma (=C. suaveolens) is a shrew (Soricidae, Eulipotyphla) showing
a fragmented distribution limited to the Iberian Peninsula, southern and
western France and northwestern Italy. Although it has been in the Iberian
Peninsula since the Middle Pleistocene, its biogeographical history remains
poorly known.
Here, we provide new data on Crocidura iculisma from the Castillejo del
Bonete site (southern Spain) dated as 3.8–3.6 cal kyr BP. At the same time,
we analyse changes in its geographic distribution based on its palaeontological
record.
We have reviewed thoroughly the Holocene record of Crocidura iculisma in
southwestern Europe, considering independently the three time intervals according
to the stages defined for this geological time series (GreenlandianACDG is funded by a postdoctoral Margarita Salas contract
(CT18/22) funded by the European Union
‘NextGenerationEU/PRTR’ and received support from the
European SYNTHESYS+ Transnational Access grant (FR-TAF_
Call4_007) and the Complutense University of Madrid
and Banco Santander by a Research Stay Grant
(UCM2020-EB25/
20). This is a contribution of the Research
Groups UNIZAR E18-23R
Aragosaurus and UCM 970827
on Quaternary Ecosystems. This work was partially supported
by projects SBPLY/21/180801/000031,
SBPLY/22/180801/000042 and SBPLY/23/180801/000006
funded by the Junta de Comunidades Castilla La Mancha,
Terrinches City Council and E2IN2
We would like to thank the following curators for granting
access to modern shrew material under their care: C.
Urdiales Alonso (EBD-CSIC)
and Violaine Nicolas-Colin
(MNHN)Ciencias Integrada
Intramuros: experiencias, emociones y afectos en la Andalucía Barroca. Monjas "amistadas" y monjas "enamoradas"
Get PDFAlors que le Concile de Trente touchait à sa fin, les couvents féminins de l’Archevêché de Séville connurent des troubles liés à la vie affective des religieuses. Les normes patriarcales et les stratégies familiales forgeaient le destin de maintes femmes, qui, si elles étaient entrées au couvent contre leur gré, disposaient de peu de ressources pour s’adapter. Ces circonstances s’ajoutant aux problèmes liés à l’acceptation d’une clôture rigide, dont elles n’avaient pas toujours pris la mesure en prononçant leurs vœux, provoquèrent, non seulement, des attitudes de rébellion active mais aussi des phénomènes de « fuite émotionnelle », exutoires affectifs qui n’entendaient pas forcément s’ériger contre les normes. Les échappatoires étaient variées : certaines religieuses se laissaient aller à des « amitiés particulières » avec leurs sœurs de profession, d’autres prenaient des libertés (plus ou moins grandes) avec ceux que l’on désignait du nom de « galants » ou « dévots de religieuses ». Nous aborderons la question en gardant à l’esprit que nous pénétrons dans un monde restreint, dont les sources ecclésiastiques et des procès de la juridiction diocésaine ont capturé la trace.Close to the end of the Council of Trent, the convents of the archbishopric of Seville reflected the problems related to the affective life of the nuns. Patriarchal criteria and family plans shaped the fate of more than a few women, who sometimes had little chance of adaptation when they took holy orders against their will. In addition, the problems of accepting a rigid enclosure, of which they were not always aware when entering the convent, not only provoked attitudes of active rebellion (what I will call emotional “escapes”, emotional outbursts, “loves” and consequent impulses, were not always intended to go against the rules), they simply let themselves go, projecting themselves towards several objectives, either “private friendships” with their religious sisters or love affairs (of different intensity) with the so-called nun suitors or nun devotees. In this communication we will focus on this group of women, understanding that we are in a reduced world, trapped in the ecclesiastical and procedural sources of the diocesan jurisdiction.Historia, Geografía y Antropologí
Readmission and Dropout in Outpatient Centers: An Analysis of Real‑World Data in Patients with Dual‑Diagnosis
Get PDFSubstance use disorder treatment faces challenges such as dropout, relapse, and readmis-
sion. This study aims to identify factors associated with readmission and those influencing
dropout among dual diagnosis (DD) patients (those with both a substance use disorder and
another psychiatric disorder) attending outpatient addiction centers. Retrospective cohort
study using the electronic health records of 8383 outpatients diagnosed with DD. Bivari-
ate analysis and regression analysis were applied to control for the variables. Age, incar-
ceration for 30 days prior to admission, and specific patterns of consumption increased
the likelihood of readmission. Specifically, individuals who reported no substance use in
the 30 days before admission or those diagnosed with an opioid or cocaine use disorder
were particularly susceptible to readmission. Of the dual diagnoses, patients with personal-
ity disorders were more likely to be readmitted. In relation to dropout, opioid dependence
and frequency of use were associated with a higher probability of dropout. Patients with
poorer adherence to treatment and previous readmissions were also more likely to drop out.
Enhancing treatment adherence and reducing dropout and readmission rates poses a chal-
lenge in managing patients with DD. Leveraging electronic health records offers enhanced
ecological validity concerning the outpatient treatment requirements for such patients.
Therapeutic adherence, alongside specific sociodemographic variables and consumption
patterns, emerges as pivotal factors in this context. Identifying and understanding these
variables facilitates the customization of outpatient treatment strategies to better meet the
needs of patients with comorbidities.“COMPARA: Comorbilidad Psiquiátrica en Adicciones y Resultados en Andalucía. Modelización
a través de Big Data”, projecto P20_00735 del Plan de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Junta de Andalucía y Fondo Europeo Regional. Financiación para publicar en Open Access de la Universidad de Huelva/CBUA.Departamento de Psicología Clínica, Experimental y Socia
Ethnocultural empathy development of future language teachers through digital multiliteracy resources for low-literacy adult migrants
Get PDFThe increasingly digital and multicultural 21st-century society requires future teachers to be prepared for the changes and challenges they may encounter. Not only language and digital competences, but critical-thinking and problem-solving skills are needed. Moreover, well developed socio-affective abilities, empathy among them, are also key when dealing with others. This is even more relevant when teachers are to work with a non-mainstream population, such as adult migrants with low literacy levels, and to design student-centered curricula or activities. Empathy is a multifaceted process involving, among others, perception, intellection, affect and other sensory aspects of the lived experience. It has been argued that the first-person perspective-taking involved in empathic engagement must necessarily involve rational computation and cognitively mediated processing. Training future teachers in the Pedagogy of Multiliteracies is a means to integrate multimodal digital instruction and aggregate cognitive as well as socio-emotional features to the education of future language teachers.
Method: A mixed-method pre-post study was conducted with 48 trainee teachers who participated in stand-alone digital multiliteracy interventions, in which they were encouraged to envisage themselves as future teachers of low-literate migrants. Policy documents such as the reference guide on Literacy and Second Language Learning for the Linguistic Integration of Adult Migrants, journal articles, audiovisual resources as well as examples of existing educational materials aimed at the target audience, were made available to them on an online platform. In two separate studies, trainees were encouraged to collaboratively produce two different multimodal outputs. The Revised Scale of Ethnocultural Empathy was administered before and after the intervention, subjecting the data obtained to quantitative analysis. Qualitative data was also collected to gain a better understanding of the affective and cognitive processes experienced by the participants.
Results: Simple statistical analysis coupled with the comparison of means was used to respond to the research questions. Statistical hypothesis testing, including correlations and non-parametric statistics were used to analyze the relationship between each of the factors within the RSEE and the participants, considering the different interventions applied. Non-parametric tests (U-Mann Whitney) were used to compare the differences between the levels of ethnocultural empathy of the participants in the two studies. Significant differences were found in Factor 3 (Empathy) and Factor 5 (Anxiety) between the groups and their post-intervention results, with a p value of 0.053 and 0.038, respectively. The effect size r was calculated, obtaining a size effect of 0.625 for Factor 3 (Empathy) and 0.674 for Factor 5 (Anxiety). These results indicate that the significant differences and the size effect between both groups are large. U-Mann Whitney non-parametric analysis also revealed gender differences in Factor 3 (Empathy), showing females higher levels than males. Effect size r analysis showed a large size effect of 0.708 for Factor 3 (Empathy). The findings pertaining to gender-related differences in empathy levels confirm the conclusions drawn by previous studies. When contrasting study 1 and 2, statistical differences were also shown after the intervention for the ‘Anxiety and Lack of Multicultural Self-efficacy’ factor. The qualitative data analysis was carried out with Atlas.ti v.8, in order to isolate and categorize the broader themes and the most significant explanatory quotes extracted from the participants’ records and interviews. The results reveal the learning strategies that each group of learners applied to successfully complete the task at hand, as well as the participants’ deployment of their critical thinking skills and the awakening of a sense of awareness of their own professional competence development process.
Conclusion: This study set out to compare how effective two digital multiliteracy interventions were in developing future language teachers’ ethnocultural empathy and cognitive abilities when appraising the educational needs of low-literacy migrants. Despite the small sample size, the study certainly adds to our understanding of the impact of multimodal tasks involving critical thinking skills on trainees’ cognitive and affective abilities. Besides, it expands the growing body of research that points to the desirability of embedding digitally-based content creation tasks in training curricula for future language teachers.The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research, authorship,
and/or publication of this article. This study is a result of the RDI Project Multiliteracies
for adult at-risk learners of additional languages (MultiLits), REF. PID2020-113460RBI00
funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. This work was also supported by
COIDESO Research Centre (Centro de Investigación en Pensamiento Contemporáneo
e Innovación para el Desarrollo Social/Contemporary Thinking and Innovation for
social Development).
The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific
conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.Filología Ingles
Sports injuries and prevention in basketball: sistematic review
Get PDFLas lesiones deportivas son una problemática que afecta
a todos los practicantes a cualquier actividad física sin importar
la edad, sexo, nivel deportivo o experiencia. Una
de las facetas que tiene el entrenamiento sobre los deportistas
es reducir la probabilidad de lesión mediante el
entrenamiento físico o preventivo. Objetivo: El objetivo
de esta investigación fue realizar dos revisiones bibliográficas:
una de ellas centrada en conocer la etiología de las
lesiones de los practicantes de baloncesto, y la segunda
sobre los métodos más empleados para la prevención
de las lesiones. Método: Para ambas revisiones se realizó
una búsqueda bibliográfica en la WOS de los estudios
publicados en los últimos 10 años, obteniendo 57 artículos
para la primera revisión y 15 estudios para la segunda.
Resultados: Los resultados han mostrado que las lesiones
más comunes se producen en la rodilla y tobillo, que los
jugadores masculinos se lesionan más que los femeninos,
siendo afectada con mayor frecuencia los tejidos blandos,
sin contactar con otro jugador y durante la competición.
Entre las técnicas preventivas activas más empleadas se
encuentra el entrenamiento propioceptivo y neuromuscular,
mientras que en las técnicas pasivas destacan el descanso
y el empleo de tobilleras. Conclusiones: Por todo
ello, se concluye que son necesarios más estudios que
reúnan la etiología de las lesiones de los practicantes de
baloncesto, puesto que los resultados son heterogéneos.Sports injuries are a problem that affects all participants
in any physical activity regardless of age, sex, sport level
or experience. One of the aspects that the training has
on athletes is to reduce the probability of injury through
physical or preventive training. Objetive: The aim of this
research was to carry out two literature reviews: one of
them focused on the aetiology of injuries in basketball
players, and the second one on the most used methods
for injury prevention. Method: For both reviews, a bibliographic
search was carried out in the WOS of the
studies published in the last 10 years, obtaining 57 articles
for the first review and 15 studies for the second
one. Results: The results showed that the most common
injuries appear in the knee and ankle that male players
are injured more often than female players, and
that soft tissues are more frequently affected, without
contact with another player and during the competition.
Conclusions: The most used active preventive techniques
include proprioceptive and neuromuscular
training, while passive techniques include rest and the
use of ankle braces. Therefore, it is concluded that it is
necessary to develop more studies on the aetiology of
injuries in basketball players because the results are heterogeneous
Geology and Cultural Heritage workshops in Unesco Las Loras Geopark (Burgos/Palencia)
Get PDFRelacionar el patrimonio cultural y la geología de un territorio
permite acercar a la población esta ciencia, que, en la mayoría de
los casos, es menos conocida. En los Geoparques Unesco la interacción con la población y las entidades locales es fundamental para
establecer proyectos de desarrollo y conservación, sobre todo en
zonas despobladas. Por este motivo las actividades de divulgación
son esenciales. Este trabajo presenta dos talleres realizados en dos
iglesias, situadas en el Valle de Valdelucio del Geoparque Unesco
Las Loras, como ejemplo de divulgación geológica en torno al patrimonio cultural en una zona con alta tasa de despoblación. Este tipo
de actividades ofrece a los lugareños y visitantes una perspectiva
del entorno novedosa, geológica, que compagina con el patrimonio
cultural y realza el valor de la zona.Relating the cultural heritage and the geology of a territory
allows the population to get closer to this science, which, in most
cases, it is not well known. In Unesco Geoparks, interaction with the
population and local entities is essential to establish development
and conservation projects, especially in unpopulated areas. For this
reason, outreach activities are essential. This work presents two workshops carried out in two churches, located in the Valdelucio Valley
of the Unesco Las Loras Geopark, as an example of geological dissemination around cultural heritage in an area with a high rate of
depopulation. This type of activity offers locals and visitors a new
geological perspective of the environment that combines with the
cultural heritage and enhances the value of the are
Work engagement and sense of coherence as predictors of psychological distress during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile
Get PDFObjectives: The aim of this study was to analyse the relationship between sense of coherence, work
engagement, and work environment variables as predictors of the level of psychological distress
during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile.
Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study collected between April 22 and December 16, 2020,
using non-probabilistic snowball sampling. The study variables and instruments were sociodemographic
variables, work engagement (UWES-9 scale), sense of coherence (Antonovsky
SOC-13 scale), and psychological distress (GHQ-12 scale). Multivariate analysis and binary logistic
regression were performed including the scores of the three questionnaires and other
variables such as effectiveness, safety, stress, health perception, and sex. Finally, the CHAID
technique was applied to create a segmentation tree.
Results: 72.7 % of participants had high levels of psychological distress, more predominantly
among women, with work stress and low sense of coherence acting as the most influential mediators
in generating psychological distress, and even more so when both were combined. Low
work engagement and the availability of safe and effective means to prevent infection were
predictors of psychological distress among workers.
Conclusion: During the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, factors that contributed to psychological
distress in the Chilean population were identified. These included a fair or poor
perception of health, being a woman, work-related stress, availability of safety measures, low level of work engagement, and low level of sense of coherence. Identifying these factors may help
prevent similar effects in future phases of the current pandemic or in future pandemics.Departamento de Biología Ambiental y Salud PúblicaEconomí
Updating Geological Information about the Metallogenesis of the Iberian Pyrite Belt
Get PDFThe Iberian Pyrite Belt (IPB) represents one of the largest districts of volcanogenic massive
sulfide (VMS) deposits in the world, and is a critical source of base metals (Cu, Pb, and Zn) for
Europe. Confirmed resources exceed 1700 Mt of massive sulfides with grades of around 1.2% Cu,
1% Pb, and 3% Zn as well as more than 300 Mt of stockwork-type copper mineralization. Significant
resources of Sn, precious metals (Au and Ag), and critical metals (Co, Bi, Sb, In, and Se) have also been
evaluated. The genesis of these deposits is related to a complex geological evolution during the late
Devonian and Mississippian periods. The geological record of such evolution is represented by three
main lithological units: Phyllite–Quartzite Group, the volcano–sedimentary Complex (VSC), and the
so-called Culm Group. The sulfide deposits are located in the VSC, associated with felsic volcanic
rocks or sedimentary rocks such as black shales. The massive sulfide deposits occur as tabular bodies
and replacement masses associated with both volcanic and sedimentary rocks. Their mineralogical
composition is relatively simple, dominated by pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, and galena. Their
origin is related to three evolutionary stages at increasing temperatures, and a subsequent stage
associated with the Variscan deformation. The present paper summarizes the latest developments in the IPB and revises research areas requiring further investigation
“A big and good apocalypse”: Towards a sociological use of children’s storytelling in research on the effects of the pandemic
Get PDF: La pandemia por el Covid-19 y las medidas tomadas por las autoridades para frenar su expansión (confinamiento, cierre de establecimientos, restricciones de movilidad o uso obligatorio de mascarilla) afectaron no solo a la salud y
la economía de la población española, sino también a su visión y comprensión del
mundo, con un impacto especial en los/as niños/as, quienes se encontraban en una
fase crucial de desarrollo social y emocional. Se presenta un análisis fenomenológico interpretativo que aborda las vivencias infantiles de la pandemia a través de la
técnica storytelling con trece narraciones construidas por grupos de niñas y niños
entre siete y catorce años, recogidas como parte del trabajo de campo del proyecto
de I+D+i INFAPOST, con un total de 56 participantes (33 niñas y 23 niños). Los
resultados, estructurados en torno a dos ejes: la agencia infantil y la valencia emocional, muestran cómo las historias que son narradas con mayor nivel de agencia
infantil se corresponden con una vivencia emocional positiva, y viceversa. Por
otra parte, las historias protagonizadas por niños incluyen contenidos más lúdicos,
positivos y activos que las historias protagonizadas por niñas, donde predomina la
preocupación por los demás y el cuidado del otroThe Covid-19 pandemic and the measures taken by the authorities
to curb its spread (confinement, closure of establishments, mobility restrictions or
mandatory use of masks) affected not only the health and economy of the Spanish
population, but also their vision and understanding of the world, with a special
impact on children, who were at a crucial stage of social and emotional development. We present an interpretative phenomenological analysis that addresses
children’s experiences of the pandemic through the storytelling technique with
thirteen narratives constructed by groups of girls and boys aged seven-fourteen
years, collected as part of the fieldwork of the R&D&I project INFAPOST1, with
a total of 56 participants (33 girls and 23 boys). The results, structured around
two axes: child agency and emotional valence, show how stories that are narrated
with a higher level of child agency correspond to a positive emotional experience, and vice versa. On the other hand, stories starred by boys include more playful,
positive and active contents than stories starred by girls, where concern for others
and care for others predominat