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Educational Interventions Through Physical Activity for Addiction Prevention in Adolescent Students—A Systematic Review
No full textThe growth seen in the number of addictive behaviours related to substance
and drug use among adolescents has become one of society’s major problems. Several
research studies have tried to find answers to this problem, highlighting the potential of
physical activity as a prevention method for substance abuse. The aims of this study were
(1) to conduct a systematic review analysing the effects of physical activity, exercise or
sports-based interventions on substance use among young people and adolescents and
(2) to describe and analyse these interventions. To this end, the guidelines of the PRISMA
Declaration were followed, and six databases were searched: PubMed, Web of Science
(WOS), PsycINFO, ERIC, SPORTDiscus, and SCOPUS. After screening and meeting the
proposed eligibility criteria, a total of 10 articles were included. The results provided
scientific evidence of the benefits of physical activity in preventing and reducing substance
use, most significantly in interventions based on yoga and structured physical activity.Didácticas Integrada
Autumn/winter 2024-2025 seasonal vaccination programme in Spain: an end to the collapse of the healthcare system?
No full textEste documento trata de aportar visibilidad y concienciación sobre la campaña de vacunación frente a la gripe y la COVID-19 para la temporada 2024-2025 en España. Este
manuscrito puede ser de interés para la comunidad científica, profesionales y población general, ya que demanda una labor colaborativa por parte de todos los servicios sanitarios y trabajadores de cara al público. Además, es importante considerar que ambas patologías siguen representando un riesgo importante, especialmente en poblaciones
vulnerables, y la vacunación se posiciona como la estrategia de Salud Pública más eficaz para evitar el colapso del sistema sanitario y la saturación de los serviciosThis document aims to provide visibility and raise awareness of the vaccination campaign against influenza and COVID-19 for the 2024-2025 season in Spain. This manuscript
may be of interest to the scientific community, healthcare professionals, and the general population, as it emphasizes the need for collaborative efforts among all health
services and public-facing workers. Furthermore, it is important to consider that both diseases continue to pose a significant risk, especially to vulnerable populations, and
vaccination is positioned as the most effective public health strategy to prevent the collapse of the healthcare system and the saturation of servicesSociología, Trabajo Social y Salud Públic
Systematic review on the use of technology in education and student engagement over the last decade
No full textLa implicación escolar es un factor fundamental para lograr el éxito académico. Este
estudio tiene como objetivo general examinar la producción científica referente al uso de la
tecnología en el ámbito educativo y la implicación escolar de los adolescentes en el periodo 2013-
2022. Se realizó una revisión sistemática siguiendo las directrices de la declaración PRISMA. Tras
aplicar los criterios de inclusión, se analizaron 14 estudios empíricos indexados en Web of Science,
Scopus y PsycInfo. Los resultados indican un aumento exponencial en las publicaciones, reflejando
un interés creciente en el tema. Además, se observa un predominio de estudios cuantitativos con
una mayor proporción de participantes femeninas. Entre los instrumentos más utilizados se
encuentran el School burnout Inventory (SbI), School Engagement Scale y School Engagement
Inventory (EdA). La tecnología educativa tiene un papel relevante en el compromiso escolar de los
adolescentes para la educación futuraSchool engagement is a key factor in achieving academic success. The general
objective of this study is to examine the scientific production concerning the use of technology in
education and the school engagement of adolescents in the period 2013-2022. A systematic review
was conducted following the guidelines of the PRISMA declaration. After applying the inclusion
criteria, 14 empirical studies indexed in Web of Science, Scopus and PsycInfo were analysed. The
results indicate an exponential increase in publications, reflecting a growing interest in the topic. In
addition, there is a predominance of quantitative studies with a higher proportion of female
participants. Among the most commonly used instruments are the School burnout Inventory (SbI),
School Engagement Scale and School Engagement Inventory (EdA). Educational technology plays a
relevant role in adolescents' school engagement for future educatio
Specialized knowledge of a mathematics teacher in the exemplifying of the decomposition of radicals
No full textUno de los factores más relevantes que incide en el aprendizaje matemático de los estudiantes es el profesor de
matemáticas, específicamente, el repertorio de conocimiento que le permite gestionar la enseñanza y el aprendizaje
de manera coherente con los objetivos de enseñanza. Así, el diseño de la enseñanza incluye diversos elementos que
interactúan, como recursos, estrategias, curriculum, ejemplos, etc., los cuales tienen sentido en el conocimiento del
profesor. En este contexto, los ejemplos son un elemento relevante en el aprendizaje de las matemáticas, debido a su
versatilidad en la enseñanza de procedimientos, conceptos, demostraciones y estrategias. Sin embargo, las secuencias de ejemplos intencionadas movilizan de mejor manera aspectos relevantes de un objeto matemático, resaltando
los aspectos críticos y no críticos considerados en la teoría de la variación. De esta manera, el objetivo de este trabajo
es explorar el conocimiento especializado del profesor de matemáticas en la ejemplificación en la ecuación cuadrática, específicamente en la descomposición de radicales. Para ello usamos un estudio de caso instrumental con análisis basados en observaciones de aula y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Los resultados muestran que la selección de
ejemplos y secuencias de ejemplos intencionados permite que afloren aspectos críticos de los ejemplos, movilizando
específicamente conocimiento didáctico del contenido en diferentes subdominios: en relación con la enseñanza, las
características del aprendizaje y del curriculum escolar. En relación con el conocimiento matemático, se identificaron
evidencias en el conocimiento de los temas relacionados con los procedimientos y los registros de representaciónOne of the most significant factors influencing students’ mathematical learning is the mathematics teacher, particularly the repertoire of knowledge that enables them to effectively manage teaching and learning in alignment
with educational objectives. The teaching design encompasses various interconnected elements, such as resources,
strategies, curriculum, and examples, all of which are situated within the teacher’s knowledge framework. Among
these elements, examples play a crucial role in mathematics learning due to their versatility in teaching procedures,
concepts, demonstrations, and strategies. Intentional sequences of examples, however, are particularly effective in
mobilizing critical aspects of mathematical objects, emphasizing both critical and non-critical features as outlined
in the theory of variation. This study aims to explore the specialized knowledge of mathematics teachers in exemplification, focusing on the quadratic equation, specifically the decomposition of radicals. An instrumental case
study methodology was employed, using classroom observations and semi-structured interviews for data collection.
The findings reveal that the deliberate selection and sequencing of examples facilitate the emergence of critical
aspects, particularly by mobilizing didactic content knowledge across various subdomains, including teaching practices, learner characteristics, and alignment with the school curriculum. Additionally, the results provide evidence
of mathematical knowledge related to procedures and representation registers, highlighting the interplay between
exemplification and effective teaching practiceEsta investigación se ha realizado con el apoyo del programa de formación pedagógica
en matemática y Estadística de la Facultad de Educación, dependiente de la Universidad Central de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
The Spanish Government (RTI2018-096547-B-I00) (MECD) and the Research Centre
COIDESO (University of Huelva, Spain) supported this research.
Este trabajo se ha desarrollado en el marco de los proyectos RTI2018-096547-B-I00 y
PID2021-122180OB-I00 del Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades del Gobierno de España, del centro de investigación COIDESO, del grupo de Investigación DESYM
(HUM168), y de la Red MTSK, auspiciada por la AUIPDidácticas Integrada
Workers' Psychological Distress During the Early Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Study
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted the mental health of workers.
This study aimed to assess the prevalence of psychological distress among Brazilian
workers during the early months of the pandemic and explore its associated factors. A
cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire administered to 2903
Brazilian workers, including 1752 non-healthcare workers (NHCWs) and 1151 healthcare
workers (HCWs), between April and May 2020. Snowball sampling was employed for participant
recruitment, and the research questionnaire was adapted for use with the Brazilian
population through a process of translation and cultural adaptation, based on an instrument
initially created and validated for use in Spain. Differences between NHCWs and HCWs
were tested using the chi-square or Fisher’s Exact test and Mann–Whitney test followed by
effect size measurement. Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the association
between psychological distress and the predictor variables. Psychological distress was
observed in 72.6% (95% CI 70.1–74.2%) of the participants, with no significant difference observed
between NHCWs and HCWs. Although 32 variables showed statistically significant
differences between NHCWs and HCWs, only 7 demonstrated clinical–epidemiological
relevance, primarily related to occupational factors. Work-related stress was positively
associated with psychological distress, but this relationship diminished in the absence of
family members infected with COVID-19. Conversely, a higher sense of coherence was
protective against psychological distress, although this effect weakened in the absence of
family members infected with COVID-19. The study highlights the high prevalence of
psychological distress among Brazilian workers during the pandemic’s early months. Work
stress played a significant role, while sense of coherence appeared to mitigate mental health
challenges. These findings highlight the need for targeted mental health interventions,
particularly for workers facing both professional and family-related stressors during crises.Sociología, Trabajo Social y Salud Públic
By the Grace of Invention. On the Critical Edition of Obra compuesta by Pero Guillén de Segovia
No full textLa singularidad en la transmisión
manuscrita de la Obra compuesta y ordenada que
Pero Guillén de Segovia dirigió al arzobispo don
Alfonso Carrillo obliga al editor crítico a afrontar
la reconstrucción de numerosos pasajes ope ingenii.
Se analizan aquí los recursos y soluciones
posibles para paliar las lagunas con el que este
dezir nos ha llegadoThe singularity of the manuscript transmission
of the Obra compuesta y ordenada that
Pero Guillén de Segovia addressed to the archbishop
don Alfonso Carrillo obliges the critical
editor to face the reconstruction of numerous
passages ope ingenii. We analyze the resources and
possible solutions to alleviate the gaps that this
dezir has in its only written testimonyFilologí
Towards Poetic Politics. The “Social” Conferences of Juan Ramón Jiménez in Argentina and Uruguay
No full textEn 1948 Juan Ramón Jiménez, invitado por Los Anales de Buenos Aires, realizó una gira de conferencias por diversas ciudades de Argentina y Uruguay. La mayoría de ellas recogían su pensamiento político y social, mostrando una faceta muy alejada del tópico del poeta enclaustrado y descomprometido. Algunas de estas conferencias habían sido pronunciadas en Cuba, Puerto Rico o Estados Unidos, pero en 1948, por primera vez, las agrupó y organizó con la intención de exponer sus reflexiones sobre las democracias, los totalitarismos, el comunismo, el capitalismo, el imperialismo, el mercantilismo o el progreso tecnológico. Este artículo analiza estas conferencias pronunciadas en el Río de la Plata en un triple contexto al que el poeta no fue ajeno: el fin de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, el peronismo y la comunidad intelectual del exilio español. Argumenta, igualmente, que estas conferencias, de larga gestación, constituyeron el germen del proyecto Política poética que, finalmente, quedó inédito hasta su publicación póstuma en 1982In 1948, Juan Ramón Jiménez, who was invited by Los Anales de Buenos Aires, held a conference tour in various cities of Argentina and Uruguay. Most of them collected his political and social thinking, showing a facet far removed from the topic of the cloistered and uncommitted poet. Some of these conferences had been voiced in Cuba, Puerto Rico or the United States, but in 1948, for the first time, had been grouped together and organized pursuing the exposure of his reflections on democracies, totalitarisms, comunism, capitalism, imperialism, mercantilism or the technological progress. This paper analyzes the conferences that were pronounced at the Río de la Plata, in a triple to which the poet was not foreign: the end of World War II, the peronism and the intelectual community of the Spanish exile. It argues, as well, that these conferences, which were long-term, constituted the seed of the project Poética política, which was unpublished until its posthumous publication in 1982Filologí
Radon diffusion coefficient of cement pastes made with recycled thermal carbon fly ashes
No full textThe use of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) is one of the most used ways to reduce CO2 emissions associated with the production of Portland cement. However, many of these SCMs are Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM), which present naturally occurring radionuclides. Radon emission from these types of materials, together with radon infiltration from the ground through them, is one of the main sources of indoor radon. These pathways through the building materials are regulated by the radon diffusion coefficient, D. In this work, the radon properties of 7 cement pastes (at 2 and 28 days) were studied in function of the technical properties to determine their suitability as building and insulating materials against radon. Two main results were found: The D of the pastes changed by an order of magnitude between those with a 2-day curing time and those with a 28-day curing time, the latter being less permeable to radon, and there was also a decrease in D as the percentage of superplasticiser admixture increased, due to the reduction in the porosity of the final pastes and the reduction in radon permeability. The lowest D value obtained was of (4.3 ± 0.4) ·10-11 m2 s-1 for the paste with a 70% of cement, 30% of fly ash, 0.6% of superplasticiser admixture and 28 days of curing. In conclusion, it was found that different characteristics of the paste production, which influence the final microstructure, can produce cements containing NORM with permeabilities to radon low enough to be used as a radon barrier.This research was partially funded by different projects: the project funded by the Nuclear Safety Council (CSN) “Radon exhalation from building materials; Radiological impact and corrective measures (EXRADON)” (PR-047-2021), by grant PID2020-116461RB-C21 (RADREMOVE) funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, by grant TED2021-130361B–I00 (RESTOREHU) funded by MICIU/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033, as finally by research Project PID2020116002RB-100/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (HORRADIONEX) supported the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, the Spanish National Research Agency (AEI). The authors would also like to thank the MICIM for the pre-doctoral contract (PRE2021-098535) of Andr´ es Ca˜ no Blanes. We also thank Queralt Belen Marzal for her help in laboratory tests.
Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Huelva / CBUACiencias Integrada
Aplicación de talleres virtuales para evaluación formativa en educación superior
No full textAn effective evaluation system should not be limited to measuring performance with numerical grades, but should take into account each student's starting point and progress. This research aims to explore the use of technological tools to implement formative assessment with self-assessment and peer assessment in a virtual learning environment. To do so, a mixed methodology is applied that includes case analysis and the design of an ad hoc questionnaire with a Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of 0.7. The Moodle virtual workshop is used to carry out a pre-experimental design (N=103). The results reveal an improvement in understanding of the topic and academic performance. In conclusion, an effective evaluation system is fundamental to academic success, with formative assessment being a viable alternative for improving learning and measuring the acquisition of competenciesUn sistema de evaluación eficaz no debe limitarse a medir el rendimiento con notas numéricas, sino que debe tener en cuenta el punto de partida y el progreso de cada estudiante. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo explorar el uso de herramientas tecnológicas para implementar una evaluación formativa con autoevaluación y evaluación entre pares en un entorno virtual de aprendizaje. Para ello, se aplica una metodología mixta que incluye análisis de casos y el diseño de un cuestionario ad hoc con un coeficiente de confiabilidad Alpha de Cronbach de 0,7. Para llevarlo a cabo se utiliza el taller virtual de Moodle en un diseño preexperimental (N=103). Los resultados revelan que se mejora la comprensión del tema y el rendimiento académico. En conclusión, un sistema de evaluación efectivo es fundamental para el éxito académico, siendo la evaluación formativa una alternativa viable para mejorar el aprendizaje y medir la adquisición de competencia
Analysis of the Beliefs About Critical Competence in a Sample of Psychosocial and Socio-Educational Intervention Professionals in Master’s Degree Training
No full textCritical thinking is a skill of great importance in our current and future society.
Its value goes beyond all theoretical doubt although it requires more practical development,
especially in terms of coordinated and evidence-based approaches. In addition, the ethical
foundation must permeate the entire critical process, indicating what to criticize, for
what, why, how, and when, elements that should not be left to improvisation or what
is traditionally done. The aim of this research was to describe the ethical connotations
that come together in the critical process. To this end, we focused on a group case study
of undergraduate and graduate students of Psychosocial and Socio-educational studies
in Spain, collecting information with instruments built ad hoc. The results show little
practical awareness of the weight of ethics in critical decisions, producing a change in
orientation regarding educational training to improve decision-making based on critical
thinking and ethics.This research and the APC were funded by Excellence Project of the Consejeria de Universidad,
Investigacion e Innovacion of Junta de Andalucia (Spain), entitled Positive Youth Development
in Andalusian University Students: Longitudinal Analysis of Gender Differences in Well-Being
Trajectories, Health-Related Lifestyles and Social and Environmental Contribution, grant number
PROYEXCEL_00303, awarded to the second author.Psicología Social, Evolutiva y de la Educació