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Linguistic Landscape of Ayamonte: Border Culture and Languages in Contact
No full textEl presente trabajo estudia el paisaje
lingüístico de la ciudad fronteriza de Ayamonte
(Huelva) representado en un corpus de textos
promovidos por entidades públicas y privadas
presentes, mayoritariamente, en los espacios
públicos de la zona céntrica y comercial en dicha
localidad. En este estudio nos ocupamos
de la presencia y de la jerarquía de las lenguas
en que están escritos, con especial atención al
idioma portugués en relación y en contraste con
el español. Los resultados destacan la generalizada
y paulatina disminución de la presencia
de la lengua cofronteriza. El grado de presencia
e importancia de ambos idiomas en el PL
local vendría dado por complejas interacciones
entre conceptos como la lealtad lingüística, la
búsqueda (o no) de convergencia o la asumida
familiaridad tipológica de los dos códigosThis paper studies the linguistic landscape
of the border town of Ayamonte (Huelva)
represented in a corpus of texts promoted by
public and private entities, mostly present in
the public spaces of the central and commercial
area of the town. In this study we deal with
the presence and hierarchy of the languages in
which they are written, with special attention
to the Portuguese language in relation with
Spanish. The results highlight the generalized
and gradual decrease in the presence of the
co-border language. The degree of presence
and importance of both languages in the local
PL would be given by complex interactions between
concepts such as linguistic loyalty, the
search (or not) for convergence or the assumed
typological familiarity of the two code
The Importance of the Social Balance in the Design of Public Policies for the Promotion of the Social and Solidarity Economy
No full textEl presente trabajo parte una diversidad entre subsistemas socioeconómicos que debieran verse necesitados de modelos diferenciados para mostrar sus resultados para posteriormente abordar el diseño de políticas públicas de fomento para la economía social y solidaria. Siendo para este diseño donde se precise de un conocimiento previo y caracterización sectorial que puede ser obtenido con modelos de Balance Social, justificándose esto desde el análisis hecho con un estudio de caso abordando la totalidad del sector cooperativista del Ecuador. Donde el análisis de la data obtenida nos permite el correcto diseño de las necesitadas políticas públicas de desarrollo sectorial y extraer conclusiones para extrapolar métodos desde la base de la necesidad de implementar modelos de Balance Social.This work starts from a diversity between
socioeconomic subsystems that should need
differentiated models to show their results to
subsequently address the design of public policies
to promote the social and solidarity economy.
This design requires prior knowledge
and sectoral characterization that can be obtained
with Social Balance models, justifying
this from the analysis made with a case study
addressing the entire cooperative sector in
Ecuador. Where the analysis of the data obtained
allows us to correctly design the necessary
public policies for sectoral development and
draw conclusions to extrapolate methods from
the basis of the need to implement Social Balance
models
Dos machos cabríos sexualmente activos alojados con cuatro grupos sucesivos de hembras anovulatorias indujeron altas tasas de preñez durante periodos de empadre de siete días
No full textBackground. In seasonally anovulatory goats, sexually active bucks led a high pregnancy rate during a mating period of 36 days. Progesterone priming of does can reduce the length of the mating period while maintaining high fertility by allowing oestrous behaviour at the first male-induced ovulation. Objective. To determine whether high fertilization rates could be achieved by using two sexually active bucks, alternated daily for a period of seven days in four successive groups of does. Methodology. Two control bucks were used only with one group of does (n = 19), whereas two experimental bucks were successively housed with four groups of does (n = 18 or 19 each). One of the control and experimental bucks was introduced to their respective groups in the morning and removed 24 h later to rest for 24 h. Immediately after the removal of the first buck, the second buck was placed with the group of does. Each doe was treated with 25 mg of progesterone im 48 h prior to the first introduction of bucks to reduce short ovulatory cycles. Results. In each group, the proportion of does that ovulated was higher than 93%. These proportions did not differ among groups exposed to the control or experimental bucks (P > 0.05). In each group, the proportion of pregnant does was higher than 78%; proportions did not differ among groups (P > 0.05). Implications. At farms with few bucks, efficient management of sexually active bucks can yield a high percentage of pregnant females. Conclusion. These results indicate that two sexually active bucks housed with four successive groups of progesterone-treated anovulatory does during a mating period of seven days were able to achieve high pregnancy rates.Antecedentes. En cabras en anovulación estacional, los machos cabríos sexualmente activos permiten obtener altas tasas de preñez en un período de apareamiento de 36 días. El tratamiento de las hembras con progesterona antes de ponerlas en contacto con los machos reduce la duración del período de apareamiento sin modificar la fertilidad al permitir el comportamiento estral en la primera ovulación inducida por el macho. Objetivo. Determinar si se pueden lograr altas tasas de preñezs utilizando dos machos cabríos sexualmente activos, alternados diariamente durante un período de siete días en cuatro grupos sucesivos de hembras. Metodología. Se usaron dos machos testigo que se introdujeron solamente con un grupo de hembras (n = 19), mientras que dos machos experimentales se introdujeron sucesivamente con cuatro grupos de hembras (n = 18 o 19 cada uno). Uno macho testigo y otro experimental se introdujeron a sus respectivos grupos en la mañana y se retiraron 24 h después para descansar por 24 h. Inmediatamente después de sacar el primer macho, el segundo macho se introdujo con el grupo de hembras. Cada hembra fue tratada con 25 mg de progesterona im 48 h antes de la primera introducción de los machos para reducir los ciclos ovulatorios de corta duración. Resultados. En cada grupo, la proporción de hembras que ovuló fue superior al 93% y no hubo diferencias entre los grupos expuestos a los machos testigo o experimentales (P > 0.05). En cada grupo, la proporción de hembras preñadas fue superior al 78% y no hubo diferencias entre los grupos expuestos a los machos testigo o experimentales (P > 0.05). Implicaciones. En hatos con pocos machos, el manejo eficiente de los machos sexualmente activos puede permitir obtener altos porcentajes de cabras preñadas. Conclusión. Estos resultados indican que dos machos sexualmente activos puestos en contacto con cuatro grupos sucesivos de hembras anovulatorias tratadas con progesterona durante un período de apareamiento de siete días pudieron lograr altas tasas de preñez.Ciencias Agroforestale
BIG DATA, Digitalization and Generative Artificial Intelligence. Applications in the Financing of Third Sector Entities
No full textLa digitalización, el big data y la Inteligencia Artificial han revolucionado todas las áreas de nuestras vidas, desde la comunicación, el trabajo, la cultura, el arte, las relaciones interpersonales o el ocio. Por ello, consideramos que estas herramientas pueden tener un impacto positivo en el Tercer Sector, cuyo problema endémico es, entre otros, la escasez de financiación. Para ello, se llevará a cabo un estudio sobre las implicaciones de la big data, los avances de la digitalización en el Tercer Sector, los usos e implicaciones de los Customer Relationship Managment (CRM) y de la Inteligencia Artificial generativa orientada a la financiación de estas entidades. Paralelamente, en materia de regulación, se abordarán algunas de las principales medidas que se están implementando desde la Unión Europea, entre las que podemos destacar el Reglamento Europeo de Inteligencia Artificial, el Reglamento de Gobernanza de Datos y el Reglamento de Datos.Digitalisation, big data and Artificial Intelligence
have revolutionised all areas of our
lives, from communication, work, culture, art,
interpersonal relationships and leisure. Therefore,
we believe that these tools can have
a positive impact on the Third Sector, whose
endemic problem is, among others, the lack of
funding. To this end, a study will be carried out
on the implications of big data, the advances
of digitalisation in the Third Sector, the uses
and implications of Customer Relationship Management
and generative Artificial Intelligence
oriented towards the financing of these entities.
At the same time, in terms of regulation,
some of the main measures being implemented
by the European Union will be addressed,
including the European Regulation on Artificial
Intelligence, the Data Governance Regulation
and the Data Regulation
An Overview of Family and Community Nurse Specialists' Employment Situation in Spain: A Qualitative Study
No full textBackground: Family and Community Nurse specialists are advocates of a holistic model
of care in multidisciplinary primary care teams. This study aims to describe the experiences and
perceptions of nurses specialising in Family and Community Nursing regarding their working
conditions in primary care in Spain. Methods: A qualitative descriptive study was conducted.
Eighteen family and community specialist nurses from different autonomous communities in Spain
participated. Individual interviews and a focus group were conducted. Results: The results identified
two main themes: The current work situation of the Family and Community Nursing specialist
and Support network and system of rejection with four sub-themes highlighting the lack of social
and work recognition, the advantages of working with Family and Community Nursing specialists,
systematic ambivalence towards Family and Community Nursing, and the need for institutional
support. The inclusion of Family and Community Nursing specialists in primary care teams favours
the nurse–patient bond, increases and/or maintains the quality of life of patients, and strengthens their
empowerment; however, there is an absence of specific job vacancies. Conclusions: The institutional
and social lack of awareness about the roles of Family and Community nurse practitioners and their
impact on health care systems limits the quality of patient care in primary care.Enfermerí
Translation, validity and reliability of the fall risk scale for older adults
No full textIntroduction: Falls in older adults are a common and serious threat to health and functional independence. It can cause psychological distress, inability to participate in activities of daily living, brain injury, fractures, and even death. The aim was to analyze the psychometric properties of the self-assessed fall risk scale (FRS) that measures the risk of falls in older adults in a central region of Chile, as well as to verify the concurrent validity against functional fitness tests.
Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in 222 older adults (OA) [34 males and 188 females] with an age range of 65 to 85 years. The 13-item self-perceived fall risk scale (FRS) was validated. Anthropometric measures (weight, height and waist circumference) were assessed. Five functional fitness tests were measured (right and left hand grip strength, biceps curl, up-and-go, agility and 6-minute walk test). Validation was performed by construct validation [(exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA)] and concurrent validity.
Results: The EFA revealed 4 factors in the FRS scale [1: fear of falling (variance 27.1%), 2: use of assistive devices (variance 10.6%), 3: loss of sensation (variance 9.3%), and 4: limited mobility (variance 8.3%)]. Factor loadings ranged from ∼ 0.50 to 0.83 across the 4 components. The Kaiser-Meyer Olkin sample adequacy test (KMO) reflected adequate adequacy (KMO = 0.79, chi-square (X2) = 498.806, gl = 78, p = 0.00). The CFA showed a satisfactory final fit [chi-square (X2) = 126.748, Root mean squared error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.042, Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) = 0.946, Comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.935 y Normed fit index (NFI) = 0.90. The relationships between the FRS scale and functional fitness tests (right and left hand grip strength, biceps curl, up-and-go, agility and 6-minute walk test) ranged from low to moderate (r= -0.23 to 0.41).
Conclusion: The FRS scale showed acceptable validity and reliability in older adults in central region of Chile. It is expected that this scale will be useful for assessing fall risk in clinical and epidemiological settings in the aging Chilean population.Regular Fondecyt Project 1221708.Didácticas Integrada
Organizational culture and leadership style in Spanish Hospitals: Effects on knowledge management and efficiency
No full textHospital culture and leadership style have attracted considerable attention in research, with compelling evidence indicating their potential competitive advantages, including their crucial role in ensuring the successful implementation of knowledge management and its impact on hospital efficiency. The aim of this paper is to identify the effects of organizational culture and leadership style on knowledge management and hospital efficiency. Fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs) are relational models that can be used to represent the opinions and knowledge of expert to infer cause-effect relationships among different concepts. The use of FCMs as a simulation tool enables the evaluation of potential scenarios based on different organizational cultures and leadership styles in hospitals. Developing an FCM for this study involved several steps. Firstly, data were collected through interviews with 21 experts in hospital management. The interviews were conducted between May and September 2023 either face-to-face or via videoconference. Once individual cognitive maps had been created, consensus among them was achieved through a multicriteria decision-making process, wherein the expert opinions were averaged. The separate cognitive maps of each expert were then integrated to produce a single FCM using the augmented FCM approach. Reflecting expert insights from the FCM, hospitals with a hierarchy culture exhibit diminished levels of knowledge creation, management, and overall hospital efficiency, whereas those with an adhocracy culture show improvements in knowledge creation, knowledge exploitation, and overall hospital efficiency in comparison to alternative ones. From the experts' FCM perspective regarding leadership style, transformational leadership achieves the highest level of knowledge management and hospital efficiency in hospitals with an adhocracy culture. Finally, this paper offers a reference for practising knowledge management and improving hospital efficiency through adhocracy culture and transformational leadership.Dirección de Empresas y MarketingG.I. Ágora, Grupo de Estudios e Investigaciones Educativas en Tecnologías de la Comunicación, Orientación e Intervención Sociocultural (HUM 648
The dark business of the Jesuit Pedro de Vitoria and the economic rescue of Don Juan de Arguijo
No full textPedro (Gobeo) de Vitoria, autor de Naufragio y peregrinación, ingresó en la Compañía de Jesús en Perú a fines del siglo xvi. Vuelto a España hacia 1612, en los años siguientes urdió un oscuro negocio y causó problemas a la orden ignaciana. Al mismo tiempo, administró la hacienda del poeta Juan de Arguijo, que se hallaba recluido en la casa principal de los jesuitas en Sevilla huyendo de la persecución de sus acreedores por estar en quiebra. En este artículo se relacionan las operaciones financieras de Vitoria con el rescate económico de Arguijo y de la mujer y la madre del poeta.Pedro (Gobeo) de Vitoria, the author of Shipwreck and Pilgrimage, entered the Society of Jesus in Peru at the end of the 16th century. Returning to Spain around 1612, in the following years he plotted a dark business and caused problems for the Order of Ignatius. At the same time, he managed the estate of the poet Juan de Arguijo, who was confined to the main house of the Jesuits in Seville, fleeing the persecution of his creditors for being bankrupt. In this article, the financial operations of Vitoria are related to the economic rescue of Arguijo and the poet's wife and mother
Representations of Islam on TikTok: media education as a tool to mitigate islamophobia
No full textLa presente investigación se centra en analizar las prácticas de creación de contenidos llevadas a cabo
por la comunidad musulmana en relación con las narrativas discriminatorias presentes en las redes
sociales, promovidas tanto por los medios tradicionales occidentales como por los usuarios. Las redes
sociales ofrecen entornos de expresión que promueven la experiencia de los grupos minoritarios. En este
sentido, debemos entender cómo se construyen y difunden estas contranarrativas y cómo las minorías
toman medidas para contrarrestar los discursos hegemónicos. En este contexto, la educación en medios
se considera una herramienta relevante para empoderar a los miembros de la comunidad musulmana y
compartan sus propias narrativas y perspectivas, permitiéndoles contrarrestar los estereotipos y la
desinformación. Además de promover una representación más precisa y diversa de la comunidad
musulmana en las redes sociales. Para ello, se analizan las affordances de TikTok, incluida la forma en que
se presenta el contenido y las opciones de interacción. El objetivo es comprender cómo estas influyen en
el consumo y la representación del islam. Metodológicamente, se realizó (1) una revisión cualitativa de la
literatura para comprender la relevancia de la educación en medios en el contexto de la representación de
la comunidad musulmana en las redes sociales; (2) un análisis de contenido cualitativo multimodal de
308 videos de TikTok, y (3) un total de 10 entrevistas para ampliar la comprensión del fenómeno. Los
resultados destacan la importancia de la educación en medios para ayudar a la comunidad musulmana a
lidiar con los mensajes discriminatorios en línea. Según los datos obtenidos, las estrategias que se utilizan
actualmente en las redes sociales fomentan lo que hemos denominado el ciclo del odio online.This research focuses on analyzing the content creation practices carried out by the Muslim community in
relation to discriminatory narratives that are present on social media, promoted both by traditional western
media and by users. Social media offers expression environments that promote the experience of minority
groups. In this sense, we should understand how these counter narratives are constructed and
disseminated and how minorities take measures to counteract the hegemonic discourses. In this context,
media education is considered a relevant tool for empowering members of the Muslim community to share
their own narratives and perspectives, enabling them to counter western stereotypes and misinformation.
As well as promoting more accurate and diverse representation of the Muslim community on social media.
For this purpose, I analyze the affordances of TikTok, including the way in which content is presented and
the interaction options. The aim is to understand how they influence the consumption and representation
of Islam. Methodologically, I conduct (1) a qualitative literature review to understand the relevance of
media education in the context of the representation of the Muslim community on social media; (2) a
multimodal qualitative content analysis of 308 TikTok videos, and (3) a total of 10 interviews to extend the
understanding of the phenomenon. The results highlight the significance of media education in helping
Muslim people deal with discriminatory messages online. According to the data obtained, the strategies
currently used on social media promote what we have called online hate cycle.Pedagogí
Metataxonomy and pigments analyses unravel microbial diversity and the relevance of retinal-based photoheterotrophy at different salinities in the Odiel Salterns (SW, Spain)
No full textSalinity has a strong influence on microorganisms distribution patterns and consequently on the relevance of photoheterotrophic metabolism, which since the discovery of proteorhodopsins is considered the main contributor to solar energy capture on the surface of the oceans. Solar salterns constitute an exceptional system for the simultaneous study of several salt concentrations, ranging from seawater, the most abundant environment on Earth, to saturated brine, one of the most
extreme, which has been scarcely studied. In this study, pigment composition across the salinity gradient has been analyzed by spectrophotometry and RP-HPLC, and the influence of salinity on microbial diversity of the three domains of life has been evaluated by a metataxonomic study
targeting hypervariable regions of 16S and 18S rRNA genes. Furthermore, based on the chlorophyll a and retinal content, we have estimated the relative abundance of rhodopsins and photosynthetic reaction centers, concluding that there is a strong correlation between the retinal/chlorophyll a ratio and salinity. Retinal-based photoheterotrophy is particularly important for prokaryotic survival in hypersaline environments, surpassing the sunlight energy captured by photosynthesis, and being more relevant as salinity increases. This fact has implications for understanding the survival of microorganisms in extreme conditions and the energy dynamics in solar salter ponds.This research was funded by MICIU/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033, ERDF/EU (research grant PID2022-140995OB-C21), and Research Project for Young Sea Researchers (CEIMAR-2022).This research was funded by MICIU/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033, ERDF/EU (research grant PID2022-140995OB-C21), and Research Project for Young Sea Researchers (CEIMAR-2022).The authors thank to “Salinas del Odiel S.L.” company and E. Martinez-Montes and L. Refojo of the “Paraje Natural Marismas del Odiel” for their support in obtaining the water samples used in this study; Josefa Ant´ on and Cristina L´ opez from the University of Alicante for providing Salinibacter M13 cells for the isolation of salinixanthin standard; and R. Fern´ andez for graphic design. P. G´ omez-Villegas acknowledges the financial support of the University of Huelva for the “Margarita Salas Grant”. Funding for open access charge:Universidad de Huelva / CBUA is acknowledged.Química "Profesor José Carlos Vílchez Martín