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Reindeer retrieved from melting snow patches reveal information on prehistoric landscape use in Swedish Sápmi
No full textIn this study we discuss the remains of reindeer skeletal elements found at two different snow patches at Varánjunnje and Gárránistjåhkkå situated in the National Park of Stuor Muorkke in northern Sweden. Unfortunately, glaciers and snow patches are melting; however, this offers a unique opportunity to study the use of mountainous landscape in the past. Here we compare modern, historic and archaeological reindeer to Forest and Mountain Sámi reindeer herding districts. By using radiocarbon dating and osteological and stable isotope analysis (δ13C, δ15N and δ34S) we aim to study reindeer mobility and land use in the past. The results from the morphometric data, stable isotope analysis and radiocarbon dating from prehistoric and historic reindeer (n=40) show that there is very little variation over time in the diet of the reindeer retrieved from the snow patches. We also found that these reindeer must have grazed in different geographic areas. There was no correlation between age, gender, pathological changes and diet, and the castrated reindeer did not differ from other reindeer
Sykepleieres erfaringer med oppstart av non-invasiv ventilasjonsbehandling på sengepost med intermediærstue: En kvalitativ studie
No full textTreatment with non-invasive ventilation (NIV) can be conducted at general wards with an intermediate care room and can therefor potentially mitigate the pressure on the intensive care capacity. The aim of this study was to elucidate what nurses consider as important prerequisites for successfully initiating NIV treatment in general wards with an intermediate care room. The study employed a qualitative method with an exploratory and descriptive design. Individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with seven nurses. Data were analysed using systematic text condensation. The nurses considered that creating a safe relationship based on the patient\u27s needs through presence and attention, and having sufficient NIV competence, were prerequisites for successful initiation of NIV treatment. Furthermore, the successful initiation of NIV treatment requires nurses that can conduct diverse clinical and ethical assessments in order to assess the patient\u27s needs and the effectiveness of the NIV treatment. The novelty of this study is that it describes the initiation of NIV treatment in general wards with an intermediate care room.Non-invasiv ventilasjonsbehandling (NIV) er en behandlingsform som kan gjennomføres på sengepost med intermediærstue og er et tiltak som kan avlaste intensivavdelinger. Hensikten med denne studien var å belyse hva sykepleiere vurderer som viktige forutsetninger for vellykket oppstart av NIV-behandling på sengepost med intermediærstue. En kvalitativ metode med et eksplorerende og beskrivende design ble valgt. Det ble gjennomført individuelle, semistrukturerte intervjuer med syv sykepleiere. Datamaterialet ble analysert ved bruk av systematisk tekstkondensering. Sykepleierne vurderte at det å skape en trygg relasjon på pasientens premisser gjennom tilstedeværelse og oppmerksomhet og tilstrekkelig NIV-kompetanse hos sykepleierne som forutsetninger for vellykket oppstart av NIV-behandling. Videre vurderte sykepleierne at vellykket oppstart av NIV-behandling forutsetter at sykepleiere er i stand til å utføre et bredt spekter av kliniske og etiske vurderinger for å vurdere pasientens behov og effekt av NIV-behandlingen. Det som er nytt med denne studien er at den beskriver oppstart av NIV-behandling på sengepost med intermediærstue.
Ludvig Holberg: Rettskunnskap (1751). Oversatt av Andreas Harald Aure (Oslo: Vidarforlaget, 2021). 463 s.
No full textTesting Open Science Tools: Machine-actionable DMPs
No full textData management plans (DMP) are an intrinsic part of planning for and implementing openness in scientific research. DMPs contain integral information on research projects: IT requirements, legal and ethical considerations and strategies for opening data. However, all too often, the DMP is seen as a chore drawn up at the request of external funders rather than a tool adopted for the benefit of project members. Similarly, the information gathered into DMPs is rarely utilised by other stakeholders such as institutional research services, nor linked to external parties such as data repositories.
Machine-actionable DMPs aim to change this landscape by offering better guidance and support for researchers preparing their plans, and facilitating a research data management system that allows data and information to be shared across institutions and repositories. In fact, one of the recommendations of the EOSC Nordic project, which studied FAIR incentives and expected impact in the Nordics, Baltics and EOSC, was the implementation of machine-actionable DMPs for seamless information workflow and supporting FAIR adoption in everyday research work.
Tools such as Data Stewardship Wizard and Argos do this by taking researchers through a set of simple structural questions on research data management from which answers are exported into funder templates resulting in downloadable DMP documents. These machine-actionable online tools transform tick-the-box answers that are easy to fill in into full-text DMPs that comply with funder requirements.
This poster introduces a pilot project testing the Data Stewardship Wizard and localising its Knowledge Template to the needs of Aalto University. It presents the project’s findings and stages, including the process of creating a template for the Research Council of Finland DMPs and testing the tool with researchers. In doing so, it examines machine-actionable DMPs from a practice-based perspective and comments on the process of institutional implementation
Collaborative Open Access Library Hosting in Scotland
No full textWatch VIDEO.
Library hosting services are growing across the UK. In 2018, the University of Edinburgh submitted a proposal to create a shared service governed by the Scottish Confederation of University & Research Libraries (SCURL). The aim of the service was to equip member institutions with a hosting solution to fulfil their Open Access publishing activities, with the development time charged to the University of Edinburgh (which covers costs and is invested back into the service). The service launched with three members – Heriot Watt University, the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland and the University of Edinburgh – and four years later has grown to include ten partners, with more members interested in signing up.
Although the shared service caters to members engaged in both publishing and hosting activities, we have seen a growth in library partners requesting to join so they can launch their own diamond Open Access library-based hosting initiatives. These initiatives – similar to the one at Edinburgh which is called Edinburgh Diamond – aim to support academics, staff and students in their publishing endeavours by providing a free publishing workflow system, as well as a hosting platform for journal and book content. The University of Edinburgh sets partners up with an Open Journal System (OJS) or Open Monograph Press (OMP) installation and provides full technical support as well as system training and publishing advice and guidance, which the member institution can use to mould their service. The shared service members meet three times a year to shape the service according to user needs and requirements.
This presentation will explain how the shared service grew, explore how and why hosting services and publishing programmes are developing within Scottish libraries, and provide conclusions and recommendations for institutions considering creating similar initiatives.
Artificial intelligence and changes in information practices in higher education: An exploratory study
No full textSearching, evaluating, using, sharing and organizing information are central activities in writing and research processes. These activities are carried out by students who participate in the communities of practice they share with fellow students, teachers and supervisors. In today\u27s changing landscape, the infrastructures surrounding the research process are changing, and both students and researchers make use of new aids that challenge established practices and open up innovative ways of thinking, researching and studying.
In this poster, we examine how the introduction of artificial intelligence-based technology affects information practices in the context of learning and research in higher education, as well as how university libraries can be partners in this change. We base ourselves on an exploratory study that looks at a group of master\u27s students and their use of AI-based tools in the writing process, and in particular on a tool for recommending literature called Keenious.
The study involved interviews with the students in their last semester before submitting the master\u27s thesis. We found that the students use different tools in the writing process and that in searching for literature they particularly used Google and Google Scholar, as well as recommendations from supervisors and fellow students. They adopted the Keenious tool to some extent, in creative ways, as part of the larger ecology of human and technological resources. Tutors\u27 use of tools is a role model for the students, and tools the tutors use that prove useful have a greater potential to be used than other random tools. It also matters if the tools are easily accessible in the infrastructure they already have access to and if the results can be confirmed with people or tools they already have confidence in.
The larger infrastructure the students use includes fellow students, tutors, teachers, Google, Google Scholar, Zotero, text-to-speech, and speech-to-text software. Keenious was used together with other literature search tools in some parts of the writing process but was not used systematically by any of the students. The reason for this may be that it was a new tool that the students had not started using in previous studies or writing processes and was not part of the established habits.
Students found creative ways to combine the tools throughout the writing process. Our findings provide an opportunity to discuss whether the students develop practices that are not necessarily shared with the wider academic community of practice, and whether their use of the technology enables them to participate more competently in the community.
With such changes in the students\u27 information practices, where they explore AI-based aids and approaches, those who support the students in their information-related activities, such as tutors and library staff, will have to deal with the technology as a new type of actor. Library staff must not only provide introductions and guidance to the tools, but also help students understand the interaction with technology as an active participant in the writing process
«Lutefiskens lengsel mot havet»: Profil-fofattarene sin bruk av humor i kampen om det litterære feltet
Get PDFIn this article, I investigate works of fiction by three prominent authors affiliated with the zeitschrift Profil in the 1960s: Dag Solstad, Einar Økland and Jan Erik Vold. The texts I focus on, are all humorous, and this humour is used to criticise poetic practices different from the Profil-group’s own poetic program. The criticism is aimed at the idealistic tradition, moralistic literature, national romanticism, use of particularly ‘poetic’ motives, symbolic language and elevated, poetic language. Along with analyses of the Profil writers’ own texts, I also look at examples of these criticised ways of writing, by Paal Brekke, Arnulf Øverland, Erling Christie, Tore Ørjasæter And A.O. Vinje. And I point at two international sources of inspiration, Werner Aspenström and Lewis Carroll. The overall point is that the Profil writers don’t focus on one main opponent, but instead reach for a big variety of literary practises in their humorous interaction with tradition.I denne artikkelen undersøker eg skjønnlitterære tekstar av tre sentrale forfattarar knytte til tidsskriftet Profil på 1960-talet: Dag Solstad, Einar Økland og Jan Erik Vold. Dei tekstane eg fokuserer på, er alle kjenneteikna ved at dei er humoristiske, og at dei på ulike måtar nyttar denne humoren til å kritisera andre lyriske skrivemåtar enn den som kjenneteiknar Profil-gruppa sin eigen poetikk. Nærmare bestemt handlar det om kritikk av den idealistiske tradisjonen; kritikk av den moraliserande litteraturen; kritikk av nasjonalromantikken; kritikk av særlege, poetiske motivkrinsar; kritikk av symbolbruk; og kritikk av høgstemd, poetisk særspråk. Saman med analysane av Profil-forfattarane sine tekstar, går eg inn på døme på desse kritiserte skrivemåtane, av Paal Brekke, Arnulf Øverland, Erling Christie, Tore Ørjasæter og A.O. Vinje. Og eg peikar på to internasjonale inspirasjonskjelder, Werner Aspenström og Lewis Carroll. Det overgripande poenget er at Profil-forfattarane ikkje fokuserer på éin hovudmotstandar, men femner særs vidt i sin humoristisk-kritiske omgang med tradisjonen
Humor i fortellingene om Buster Oregon Mortensen
Get PDFThis article examines humor in three different versions of the story about Buster Oregon Mortensen, from 1979, 1984 and 2021. I perform a comparative analysis as a thematic close reading of the three works with a particular interest in humor in relation to power balance and themes perceived as difficult or taboo.
Denne artikkelen undersøker humor i tre ulike versjoner av fortellinga om Buster Oregon Mortensen fra 1979, 1984 og 2021. Jeg gjør en komparativ analyse i form av en tematisk nærlesning av de tre verkene med et spesielt blikk på humor i relasjon til maktbalanser og til temaer som oppleves som vanskelige eller tabubelagte.
Eye movements unveil sensitivity of naïve listeners to iconicity of Russian onomatopoeic words
No full textIconicity between form and meaning of words is considered to be instrumental in relating linguistic forms to sensorimotor experience. Some Russian onomatopoeic words (e.g. bac ‘bang’) depict sounds and indicate action connected to these sounds. This study investigated how sensitive adult Finnish L1 speakers with no prior knowledge of Russian are to the iconicity of spoken onomatopoeic words in Russian. First, an iconicity rating test was used to establish the iconicity levels for each token from the perspective of Finnish native speakers who had never learned Russian before. Second, an eye-tracking experiment using different participants, who were also native in Finnish and unfamiliar with Russian, employed the visual world paradigm to test visual recognition of the meaning of spoken words. Our results revealed that iconicity rating for each token varied within the class of onomatopoeic words, and that iconicity ratings for different words were strongly connected with their semantic transparency
Under pressure
No full textFocus:
To understand and feel how water pressure changes with depth.
Learning objectives:
In this activity, pupils will recognize the relationship between water depth and pressure. Pupils will be able to reflect on how lifeforms in the deep sea might be affected by the high water pressures in their ecosystems.
Key words:
Depth, weight, pressure