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The Specialist Nurse as a Leader: Mapping Leadership in Specialist Nursing Programs in Sweden
No full textSpecialist nurses have important roles as leaders to promote health. Further development of nurse leadership education is required to meet the needs of society, and to address the complexity between quality of care and cost-effectiveness. This study explored how leadership is presented and exemplified in specialist nursing programs, and how this can affect the understanding and practice of specialist nurse leadership. A document analysis was conducted of course syllabi from leadership courses of Swedish specialist nursing programs. The results show that leadership could be more present in descriptions of specialist nursing education, to further highlight the role of the specialist nurse as a leader and driver of innovation, organizational learning, and continuous professional development. A clear focus on leadership in educational documents can promote understanding of nurse leadership. There is development potential in nurse leadership education, to meet the complexity and needs of nursing leadership of today\u27s more business-oriented healthcare.Specialistsjuksköterskor har en viktig roll som ledare för att främja hälsa och välfärd. Forskning efterfrågar vidareutveckling av utbildning i sjuksköterskeledarskap utifrån samhällets behov, samt för att bemöta komplexiteten mellan vårdkvalitet och kostnadseffektivitet. Studien undersökte hur ledarskap presenteras och exemplifieras i specialistsjuksköterskeprogram, och vad detta kan innebära för förståelsen och praktiken av specialistsjuksköterskors ledarskap. Studien är genomförd som en dokumentanalys av kursplaner från ledarskapskurser som ingår specialistsjuksköterskeprogram i Sverige. Resultaten visar att ledarskap med fördel skrivas fram tydligare i beskrivningar av specialistsjuksköterskeutbildningar, för att tydligare framhäva specialistsjuksköterskans roll som ledare och drivande för innovationskultur, organisatoriskt lärande, och kontinuerlig professionell utveckling. Ett tydligt fokus på ledarskap i utbildningsdokument kan främja förståelsen av specialistsjuksköterskans viktiga roll som ledare. Utifrån det undersökta materialet finns utvecklingspotential i ledarskapsutbildning för specialistsjuksköterskor, särskilt gällande att säkra att specialistsjuksköterskors ledarskapsutbildning möter den komplexitet och de behov av omvårdnadsledarskap som finns i dagens mer affärsinriktade hälso- och sjukvård.Specialistsjuksköterskor har en viktig roll som ledare för att främja hälsa och välfärd. Forskning efterfrågar vidareutveckling av utbildning i sjuksköterskeledarskap utifrån samhällets behov, samt för att bemöta komplexiteten mellan vårdkvalitet och kostnadseffektivitet. Studien undersökte hur ledarskap presenteras och exemplifieras i specialistsjuksköterskeprogram, och vad detta kan innebära för förståelsen och praktiken av specialistsjuksköterskors ledarskap. Studien är genomförd som en dokumentanalys av kursplaner från ledarskapskurser som ingår specialistsjuksköterskeprogram i Sverige. Resultaten visar att ledarskap med fördel skrivas fram tydligare i beskrivningar av specialistsjuksköterskeutbildningar, för att tydligare framhäva specialistsjuksköterskans roll som ledare och drivande för innovationskultur, organisatoriskt lärande, och kontinuerlig professionell utveckling. Ett tydligt fokus på ledarskap i utbildningsdokument kan främja förståelsen av specialistsjuksköterskans viktiga roll som ledare. Utifrån det undersökta materialet finns utvecklingspotential i ledarskapsutbildning för specialistsjuksköterskor, särskilt gällande att säkra att specialistsjuksköterskors ledarskapsutbildning möter den komplexitet och de behov av omvårdnadsledarskap som finns i dagens mer affärsinriktade hälso- och sjukvård
Måleegenskaper ved den norske versjonen av Parental Stress Scale (PSS), 2. utgave
No full textDescription: The Parental Stress Scale (PSS) is a self-report instrument designed to measure parental stress, which was developed by Berry and Jones in 1995. The Norwegian version of the PSS was translated by Ane Nærde (year not specified). Respondents rate the 18 items of the PSS on a 5-point Likert scale, which are used to calculate a total score. A higher total score on the PSS indicates a greater level of stress. The target population for this instrument is parents of children aged 0 to 18 years.
Literature search: A search for Scandinavian publications that reported measurement properties or norm data for the PSS in a sample of parents yielded 306 references. Of those, 19 texts were selected based on the titles and abstracts, and 10 were included in the study. Six of the studies were Danish and four were Norwegian. Four of the articles (2 Norwegian and 2 Danish) were psychometric studies. The Norwegian psychometric studies draw participants from the same sample; first when the child was 12 months (N=1096) and then when the child was 4 years (N=1030).
Psychometrics: No Scandinavian norms for the PSS were identified, however, the included studies indicated promising psychometric properties regarding internal consistency and factor structure. Both Norwegian studies conducted factor analyses with the intention of examining the underlying factor structure of the PSS items, which in both cases resulted in a two-factor structure. The two Danish studies also resulted in a two-factor structure using Rasch analyses. All four studies resulted in a different number of items.
Conclusion: The literature review suggests that the PSS overall appears to be a relatively well-researched instrument in terms of certain aspects of its psychometric properties, however no Scandinavian norms are available. The four studies on psychometric structure of the PSS in Scandinavian samples has indicated a two-factor structure. Norwegian studies found factors related to parental stressors and lack of reward. Danish studies have also reported a two-factor structure, with subscales described as parental stress and lack of parental satisfaction. However, there is variation in the specific items included in the different factors across studies. Consequently, there is a need for further research. The literature review identifies several adapted versions of the PSS. These adapted versions of the instrument need to be cross-validated in new samples to investigate their generalizability. Future studies should address the issue of establish clinical or intervention cut-off points for the instrument in the form of a sensitivity-specificity study. A correlation analysis should also be conducted to assess convergence by examining the relationship between the PSS and other instruments in a Norwegian/Scandinavian context. As for test-retest reliability and measurement invariance over time, neither has been assessed in the included studies, and both should be investigated in future research to ensure the PSS maintains consistent measurement properties across different time points. The PSS should be used with caution beyond the samples in which the instrument has been validated.
Description
The Parental Stress Scale (PSS) is a self-report instrument designed to measure parental stress, which was developed by Berry and Jones in 1995. The Norwegian version of the PSS was translated by Ane Nærde (year not specified). Respondents rate the 18 items of the PSS on a 5-point Likert scale, which are used to calculate a total score. A higher total score on the PSS indicates a greater level of stress. The target population for this instrument is parents of children aged 0 to 18 years.
Literature search
A search for Scandinavian publications that reported measurement properties or norm data for the PSS in a sample of parents yielded 306 references. Of those, 19 texts were selected based on the titles and abstracts, and 10 were included in the study. Six of the studies were Danish and four were Norwegian. Four of the articles (2 Norwegian and 2 Danish) were psychometric studies. The Norwegian psychometric studies draw participants from the same sample; first when the child was 12 months (N=1096) and then when the child was 4 years (N=1030).
Psychometrics
No Scandinavian norms for the PSS were identified, however, the included studies indicated promising psychometric properties regarding internal consistency and factor structure. Both Norwegian studies conducted factor analyses with the intention of examining the underlying factor structure of the PSS items, which in both cases resulted in a two-factor structure. The two Danish studies also resulted in a two-factor structure using Rasch analyses. All four studies resulted in a different number of items.
Conclusion
The literature review suggests that the PSS overall appears to be a relatively well-researched instrument in terms of certain aspects of its psychometric properties, however no Scandinavian norms are available. The four studies on psychometric structure of the PSS in Scandinavian samples has indicated a two-factor structure. Norwegian studies found factors related to parental stressors and lack of reward. Danish studies have also reported a two-factor structure, with subscales described as parental stress and lack of parental satisfaction. However, there is variation in the specific items included in the different factors across studies. Consequently, there is a need for further research. The literature review identifies several adapted versions of the PSS. These adapted versions of the instrument need to be cross-validated in new samples to investigate their generalizability. Future studies should address the issue of establish clinical or intervention cut-off points for the instrument in the form of a sensitivity-specificity study. A correlation analysis should also be conducted to assess convergence by examining the relationship between the PSS and other instruments in a Norwegian/Scandinavian context. As for test-retest reliability and measurement invariance over time, neither has been assessed in the included studies, and both should be investigated in future research to ensure the PSS maintains consistent measurement properties across different time points. The PSS should be used with caution beyond the samples in which the instrument has been validated.Beskrivelse: Parental Stress Scale (PSS) er et selvrapporteringsinstrument utviklet for å måle foreldrestress, og ble utviklet av Berry og Jones i 1995. Den norske versjonen ble oversatt av Ane Nærde (årstall ikke oppgitt), og instrumentet kan benyttes gratis. Målgruppen er foreldre med barn 0 til 18 år. Respondenter vurderer de 18 testleddene i PSS på en 5-punkts Likert-skala, som brukes til å beregne en sumskår. En høyere totalskår på PSS indikerer et høyere stressnivå. Det tar under 10 minutter å svare på alle utsagnene.
Litteratursøk: En bibliotekar søkte etter skandinaviske publikasjoner som rapporterte måleegenskaper eller normdata for PSS i utvalg av foreldre. Av 306 referanser, ble 19 lest i fulltekst, og 10 inkludert, av disse seks danske og fire norske studier. Fire av artiklene (2 norske og 2 danske) var psykometriske studier. De to norske studiene var basert på samme utvalg, når barnet var henholdsvis 12 måneder (N = 1096) og 4 år (N = 1030).
Psykometri: Ingen skandinaviske normer ble identifisert blant de inkluderte studiene, men de inkluderte studiene indikerte lovende psykometriske egenskaper angående indre konsistens og faktorstruktur. De to norske studiene gjennomførte begge faktoranalyse med hensikt å undersøke den underliggende faktorstrukturen på PSS-testleddene som i begge tilfeller resulterte i en to-faktorstruktur. De to danske studiene resulterte også i en to-faktorstruktur med bruk av Rasch analyse. Alle de fire studiene resulterte i ulikt antall testledd.
Konklusjon: Litteraturgjennomgangen tyder på at PSS generelt fremstår som et relativt godt undersøkt instrument når det gjelder visse aspekter av dets psykometriske egenskaper, men ingen skandinaviske normer er tilgjengelige. De fire studiene om psykometrisk struktur av PSS i skandinaviske utvalg har indikert en to-faktorstruktur. Norske studier fant faktorer relatert til foreldrestressorer og mangel på belønning. Danske studier har også rapportert en to-faktorstruktur, med subskalaer beskrevet som foreldrestress og mangel på foreldretilfredshet. Det er imidlertid variasjon i de spesifikke testleddene som er inkludert i de forskjellige faktorene på tvers av studier. Følgelig er det behov for ytterligere forskning. Litteraturgjennomgangen identifiserer flere tilpassede versjoner av PSS. Disse tilpassede versjonene av instrumentet må kryssvalideres i nye utvalg for å undersøke deres generaliserbarhet. Fremtidige studier bør ta for seg spørsmålet om å etablere kliniske eller intervensjons-grenseverdier for instrumentet i form av en sensitivitets-spesifisitetsstudie. En korrelasjonsanalyse bør også gjennomføres for å vurdere konvergens ved å undersøke forholdet mellom PSS og andre instrumenter i en norsk/skandinavisk kontekst. Når det gjelder test-retest-reliabilitet og målingsinvarians over tid, har ingen av disse blitt vurdert i de inkluderte studiene, og begge bør undersøkes i fremtidig forskning for å sikre at PSS opprettholder konsistente måleegenskaper på tvers av forskjellige tidspunkter. PSS bør brukes med forsiktighet utover utvalgene hvor instrumentet har blitt validert
Beyond Borders: A co-created educational project on emotional, ecological and ocean literacy. Ruvuma Region, Tanzania
No full textBeyond Borders is a collaborative project developed through a joint effort between education and research institutions in Tanzania, Norway, the UK, and Italy, alongside communities from Tanzania and Sinai. Launched in 2024, the initiative was spearheaded by Camilla Haule (Horizon Award, Wells Cathedral School) and brought to fruition through the coordination of Agnes Haule (Tanzania), Ladslaus Bigambo Masakula, the kindergarten teachers group (NEMCA), Margherita Paola Poto, Carolina Sarti (ECOCARE), Pietro Parola, Valentina Russo (Mucho Amor), Dana Ahmed, Claudia D\u27Andrea, Faezeh Karimpour, and the communities of the Verdis Vocational School in Mbeya. The project unfolded in three key phases: (1) Project inception and ideation led by Camilla Haule during the Summer Semester of 2024; (2) Development of research and teaching materials, coordinated by Carolina Sarti in the Spring Semester of 2025; (3) Implementation in the Ruvuma Region, carried out in the Summer Semester of 2025. This report describes and assesses the relevance of the activities conducted by the Beyond Borders team during the Summer Semester 2025, focusing on fieldwork in the Ruvuma Region, Tanzania, and particularly in the municipality of Songea. The Beyond Borders Initiative is part of a larger effort to foster meaningful partnerships and expand educational opportunities through direct engagement with local communities. It is also a deliverable of the SDG Ocean Action Commitment: Ocean for All: Reimagining Justice with Love and Law
Mefjordvær gårdshaug: Overvåkning av utskifting av kulvert
No full textDet ble overvåket graving i et ca. 4 meter langt og ca 3,5 meter bredt område i Mefjordvær gårdshaug, for utskifting av kulvert i bekkefar. Overvåkingen viste at det berørte området i flere omganger har vært utsatt for omfattende forstyrrelser.
I vestlig del av tiltaksområdet ble det dokumentert et ca. 0,5 m2 stort område med sannsynlig bevart kulturlag i ca. 40 cm dybde. Dette inneholdt kullfragmenter, strå/halm og kvist, og noe rødgods. Laget ble også dokumentert i sørlig profil til gravegropa.
Utover rødgods ble det samlet inn to bryner, en øks/teksle, en mulig bordkniv, og en rekke skår av keramikk og steingods. Ingen av disse gjenstandene kunne relateres til bevarte kulturlag eller andre typer kontekster, og mange av typene har bruksperioder som spenner over middelalder og nyere tid.
Ettersom det ikke ble vurdert sikre bevarte kontekster, ble det heller ikke ansett formålstjenlig å datere noen av de innsamlete trekullprøvene. Keramikkmaterialet er bare grovt klassifisert, men antyder et aldersspenn fra rundt år 1540 fram til 1800-tallet. Enkelte av skårene, og da særlig steingodset, kan muligens ha en datering til første halvdel av 1500-tallet. Hoveddelen av keramikken skal likevel karakteriseres som etter-reformatorisk
South Saami snow terminology
No full textLullisámegielas ii leat dássemolsun ja dan fonologiijas, morfologiijas ja cealkkaoahpas leat eará nai iešvuođat mat eai gávdno eará sámegielain. Dás lea suokkarduvvon oassi lullisámegiela muohtasániin. Čuođi sátnemáddagis leat bealli earenoamáš lullisámegiela máddagat, omd. lopme ’muohta’. Badjel beannot čuođi sánis leat guokte goalmmádasa dakkárat mat eai gávdno eará sámegielain. Dát boađus doarju jurdaga ahte lullisámegiella ferte leat guhkes áiggiid leamaš sierranas giellan. Muohtasániid lohku orru leamen bures dássálaga eará sámegielaid loguiguin. Doložis lea gulustuvvan ahte inuihttagielain leat olu muohtasánit. Orru ain nu ahte inuihtain leat olu jiekŋasánit, muhto muohtasánit gal orrot leamen sámegielain eanet – ja maiddái lullisámegiella lea viehka muohtasátnerikkis.South Saami is distinguished from the other Saami languages by numerous phonological, morphological and syntactic features. The most characteristic of them is its lack of grade alternation in central consonants, a feature that is found in all the other Saami languages and also in Finnish. In this study, I explore the vocabulary of snow: quantity, dry snow, wet snow, layers in the snow pack and the layer at the bottom of the snow pack. I further compare the basic stems, lexemes and terms with possible cognates in other Saami languages. The finding is remarkable, if not too surprising. In this article I present one hundred basic stems of snow terms, more than fifty of which have no cognates in the other Saami languages. And out of more than 150 words (lexemes) and terms, over two thirds are only found in South Saami. This seems to confirm the hypothesis that South Saami has been separated from the other Saami languages for a long period of time.
This study also has bearing on the discussion of how many terms for snow and ice languages may have. In spite of Geoffrey Pullum’s critique of the myth created by Benjamin Lee Whorf (Pullum 1991), the Inuit languages are probably still world champions when it comes to the number of words for ice (Krupnik & Müller-Wille 2010), while South Saami should not be neglected as a candidate for the position of having the most words for snow in the world
Denominal forms with –naga in North Saami: Between grammar and lexicon
No full textArtihkal guorahallá davvisámegiela substantiivavuđot –naga-hámiid (ovdamearkka dihte varranaga, vuoiddasnaga ja betoŋganaga) morfologiija, syntávssa ja semantihka earenoamážit dálá čállingielas. Viiddes dutkanmateriála vuođul boahtá ovdan, ahte vaikko –naga-hámit leat ovdal govviduvvon ovttaskas advearban, de dat leat produktiiva morfologalaš kategoriija man syntávssalaš funkšuvnnat čujuhit dasa, ahte –naga-hámiid sáhttá buoremusat gohčodit substantiivavuđot adjektiivan. Vaikko dain eai leat adjektiivvaide mihtilmas komparatiiva- ja superlatiivahámit, dat geavahuvvojit sihke predikatiivan ja attribuhttan, ja daid vuođđomearkkašupmi lea ’X:in durdon’ (omd. betoŋganaga fiellut; fiellut leat betoŋganaga). Dábáleamos –naga-hámiid morfosyntávssa ja semantihka lassin guorahallojit maid eanet marginála geavahanvuogit, mat veahkehit oaidnit dan, makkárat leat –naga-hámiid prototiippalaš morfosyntáksa ja semantihkka, ja makkár ráját dain leat.This article discusses the morphology, syntax and semantics of the previously under-described suffix –naga in present-day written North Saami. More precisely, the study presents a detailed description of denominal forms with –naga such as varranaga ‘stained with blood’, málanaga ‘stained with paint’ and betoŋganaga ‘stained with concrete’. Forms with –naga have traditionally been labeled adverbs in dictionaries but have largely been ignored in grammatical descriptions of North Saami. Investigation into the morphosyntactic and semantic functions of the form in actual language use suggests, however, that –naga is best analyzed as a productive derivational suffix that is used to turn mass nouns denoting substances into “contaminative adjectives” that describe mostly unwanted states of objects covered in the substance in question. Although forms with –naga lack the comparative and superlative forms common to ordinary adjectives in North Saami, they exhibit typical adjectival properties in that they occur in predicative and adnominal modifying functions, e.g., Giehta lea varranaga/málanaga/betoŋganaga [hand be.3SG blood/paint/concrete.naga] ‘the hand is stained with blood/paint/concrete’ and varranaga/málanaga/betoŋganaga giehta ‘a hand stained with blood/paint/concrete’. In addition to the most prototypical contaminative meaning of –naga, it is also occasionally used in more abstract and creative functions, such as varranaga tragediija ‘bloody tragedy’ or mihcamárnaga [Midsummer.naga] ‘with remnants of (having celebrated) Midsummer’
Margrethe Kitti – siida eamit og tromsøsame
No full textMargrethe Lango Kitti eller Máhte Márge er et kjent navn over hele Sápmi. Margrethe fikk i sin samtid anerkjennelse og respekt som overhode for en reindriftsfamilie og i kraft av sin personlighet. Hun tilhørte reindrifta i Tromsøområdet hele sitt liv. Først som flyttsame og så med helårsdrift
Tvangsflytting, vindkraft, reindrift og protest i utstillinga Rávdnji
No full textI utstillinga Rávdnji trenger en vindmølletupp inn i reisverket til gammen. Bak gammen henger en glassplate med et bilde av en brennende vindmølle, og under vindmølletuppen har den samiske kunstneren Anders Sunna malt et bilde med rein, vindmøller og ild. I lydinstallasjonen kan du høre joiken «Stuoranjárga» som levendegjør fortellingene om de gode reinbeitene i Tromsø. Bak gammen skuer portrettfotoet av reineieren Margrethe Kitti. Ved siden av gammen henger to vrengte kofter, som motstand og protest. Mot hva, og fra hvem? Hva forteller dette om samisk historie i Tromsøområdet
Reified gameplay: Revisiting playbour through critical theory
No full textTraditionally, theories of play and games have drawn a clear distinction between two different forms of activity; play and labour. Over the last two decades, the concept of playbour has challenged this division, with empirical studies and observations showing the intertwining of play and labour. This article offers an analysis of playbour through different perspectives of Critical Theory and explores its theoretical implications. The novel concept of reified gameplay is presented to understand the alienating tendencies of playbour, using the games EVE Online and CryptoKitties as key examples. Reified gameplay is a form of gameplay action shaped by processes of reification and rationalisation within and as part of the culture industry
From tradition to interaction: A systematic literature review of cultural heritage representation in entertainment videogames
No full textNowadays, an increasing number of videogames have incorporated cultural heritage elements that belong to a wide variety of regions. This has prompted a growing body of academic research regarding this topic. This paper presents the results of a systematic literature review, investigating how different aspects of cultural heritage are represented in entertainment videogames. A thematic analysis of 80 publications was conducted, categorising the studied cultural heritage elements into tangible and intangible themes of cultural heritage. Our review revealed that existing publications have extensively explored the representation of tangible cultural heritage in games, especially architecture and artefacts. In contrast, the representation of intangible cultural heritage has received significantly less attention, such as religious rituals, folklore, and symbolic references. Moreover, we observed that game designers tend to select cultural heritage elements familiar to their target audiences, which lied in depictions of historical periods, notable historical figures, and architectural styles. Finally, this review highlights gaps in current research including a narrow focus on certain game genres and a lack of in-depth study on the representation of intangible cultural heritage