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”Att efterfölja amazonernas exempel”: En bortglömd svensk 1700-talsskrift om kvinnors tapperhet
No full textThis article presents the previously unknown Swedish text “Fruntimbernas tapperhet” [The bravery of women], which has been preserved in manuscript in the archive of the Gothenburg family Alströmer. This text, which is based on a Latin dissertation from 1716, contains a discussion of around 15 female exemplars who all demonstrate women’s ability to demonstrate the virtue fortitude. This is the first known Swedish-language text that uses female exemplars to construct an argument about women’s bravery. After an introduction wherein we describe the archival source and discuss dating and authorship, we offer a transcription of the full text. Thereafter, we develop an analysis of the text’s most distinguishing features. The text is situated within the context of the early modern querelle des femmes, and we discuss the fact that strikingly and unusually, the author of “Fruntimbernas tapperhet” is primarily preoccupied with martial fortitude and with women who transgress gender norms in various ways. 
Olof Blomqvist, I Want to Stay. Local Community and Prisoners of War at the Dawn of the Eighteenth Century (Stockholm: Stockholm University, 2023). xx + 371 pp.
No full textMy Hellsing & Johanna Ilmakunnas (red.), Shopping i Stockholm. Sociala praktiker på gatunivå 1700–1850 (Stockholm: Stockholmia förlag, 2023). xx + 195 pp.
No full text
Distribution and habitat use of deep-diving cetaceans in the central and north-eastern North Atlantic
No full textMajor changes in the distribution of some cetaceans have been observed coincident with changing oceanography of the North Atlantic in the last 30 years. This study aimed to improve understanding of the underlying ecological drivers of any changes in deep-diving cetacean distribution. We used data from two series of summer surveys (in Iceland-Faroes and Norway) to model density of sperm (Physeter macrocephalus), long-finned pilot (Globicephala melas) and northern bottlenose (Hyperoodon ampullatus) whales as a function of static (relief), physical, and biological oceanographic covariates using GAMs. The best models, based on a robust model selection framework, were used to predict distribution. The study period was divided into two periods, 1987‑1989 and 1998-2015, based on environmental changes in the area and data availability. The common covariates that best explained these three species’ distributions (in both periods) were bathymetric variables and SST. The selected dynamic temperature-related covariates for sperm and pilot whales were for spring, but for bottlenose whales were for summer. Summer relationships were also found for the three species for the other dynamic variables, except spring chlorophyll-a for bottlenose whales. The difference in seasonal relationships for bottlenose whales may be related to a previously suggested north-south summer migration. As expected, the predicted high-use areas for all three species were deep waters, with some overlap among them in the central Norwegian Sea, and the Central North Atlantic, including the Irminger Sea. Differences in distribution likely reflect differences in prey. Changes in distribution between the two periods appear more as a range expansion than a shift, which could result from an increase in suitable habitat due to warming waters. This new knowledge will help improve understanding of how these species may respond over this wide area to a changing environment and inform their conservation
Citizen engagement as a crisis response at higher education institutions in the Baltic states and Ukraine
No full textThis publication presents social actions organised in Baltic universities in collaboration with policy, industry, and society, aiming to support Ukrainian populations in humanitarian crises. Since the beginning of the Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, many Ukrainians had to leave the war zone and emigrate to other countries in order to find a safe place to live. This humanitarian crisis imposed new challenges for Ukrainian people who became refugees in the Baltic states, as well as to the host societies. There was a lack of resilience mechanisms to cope with this new reality and provide support for Ukrainian refugees. To address these challenges, six partners (four Baltic universities, a Ukranian university and an organization in Greece) collaborated in the project \u27\u27Supporting Ukraine through citizen engagement at Baltic Universities\u27\u27 (Baltics4UA) under the Erasmus+ Programme. The main goal of Baltics4UA project is to enhance Baltic universities’ social responsibility through civic engagement actions to address the Ukrainian humanitarian crisis in the Baltic states. A methodological approach that focuses on citizen engagement and emphasises social innovation and participation has been developed in the framework of this project prior to organising 23 university-driven social actions in every partner institution. Overall, 488 participants took part in social actions. Participants were asked to fill in a post-event evaluation form; this feedback was used to identify whether the social actions met the aims and objectives of the project. Moreover, the organisers of the social actions described the impact of each action by evaluating the aim and goal of the social action, as well as the level of citizen engagement. While planning, organising and implementing these social actions, project partners encountered a variety of challenges and learned lessons, which can serve as useful guidelines for those seeking to foster effective business, academia and society collaboration while providing support and engaging societies in the Ukrainian humanitarian crisis
The European Landscape of Institutional Publishing
No full textThis episode of Open Science Talk deals with Diamond Open Access publishing services provided by instutitions. The EU-funded project DIAMAS (Developing Institutional Open Acces Publisihing Models to Advance Scholarly Communication) has recently published a 240-page landscape report on «Institutional Publishing in the E[uropean] R[esearch] A[rea]; results from the DIAMAS survey». Work Package leader Jan Erik Frantsvåg discusses the main findings of the report together with Sona Arasteh, co-author of a synopsis of the same report, comprising 30 richly illustrated pages. In the discussion, the landscape report and its synopsis is contextualized alongside an earlier study on the global landscape of Diamond Open Access Publishing; on-going projects such as DIAMAS’ sister projects CRAFT-OA and PALOMERA; and plans for capacity building for Diamond Open Access Publishing on global, regional and national levels.
Digital recording, unfortunately with problematic sound quality. First published online: Feb 13, 2024
A Dialogue: Commercial and Anti-commercial Thinking in Diamond Open Access Publishing
No full textMichigan Publishing and The Open Library of Humanities are both diamond open access publishers who have pioneered university-led, non-commercial business models. Both organizations work with library partners worldwide to fund the cost of publishing articles and books in the humanities and social sciences, which are free for authors to publish and readers to access. This places equity at the heart of scholarly publishing and exists to offer a compelling alternative for those that want to return scholarship to community ownership. Our presentation explores the parallel ways in which our ventures have established non-commercial thinking at the heart of our organizational history, identity and value proposition as publishers.
However, wary of how the language around diamond open access can become dogmatic, this presentation seeks to challenge and shake up our identification with anti-commercialism by exploring and testing the different ways in which our not-for-profit organizations have, in practice and by necessity, nonetheless engaged in commercial thinking – specifically regarding the development of our technological platforms, Fulcrum and Janeway. This presentation therefore seeks to establish and perform a dialogue (taking inspiration from Dialogues, a 1977 book by Gilles Deleuze and his student Claire Parnet) around the balance between pragmatism and idealism, and to interrogate whether the way we speak about these two around Open Access is useful. We argue that creating flexibility in our thinking on this topic (avoiding the idea that business is always and inevitably a “dirty word”) has and will continue to be crucial for our sustainability as university-led publishers, if we are serious about providing a genuine alternative to the rampant commercial acquisition of grassroots community projects.
See this presentation in this video recording
English
No full textQualitative and context-sensitive data are, as the term(s) suggest, contextual, here-and-now specific and often person-identifying. This raises a number of problems for reuse and multiple uses of these data and creates barriers to transparency and reproducibility of qualitative research. Specifically, sharing and reuse of qualitative data is largely limited due to privacy and copyright regulations. Multiple uses of some qualitative data are also limited because of data’s context-sensitivity – the unique, authentic here-and-now character tied to the specific research situation. Additionally, while in the recent years quantitative data has been made increasingly FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) across disciplines, data management and archiving procedures for qualitative data are still in their infancy. Finally, researchers and students who work with qualitative research are still not oriented towards data sharing and reuse and not trained to practice open qualitative research.
To tackle these issues, we have started a QualiFAIR project as a hub-node infrastructure at the University of Oslo in Norway. The project has focused on making qualitative and context-sensitive data more FAIR as well as on raising awareness about both the need for sharing and reuse of qualitative data as well as its possible limitations.
QualiFAIR has been organized into five thematic areas: 1) Ethics and privacy, 2) Copyright, 3) Data management, 4) Infrastructure and 5) Metadata. Each area had responsible groups that led the work in the hub. Working groups were assembled from academic, technical and administrative staff at the university, comprising of researchers, engineers, librarians and research administrators from a number of disciplines, including anthropology, political science, medicine, linguistics, psychology, music research, theology and education. In this way, QualiFAIR’s efforts have been truly interdisciplinary, and project’s outputs are to serve qualitative research community across fields and levels of expertise.
In this talk, we will present the project aims, structure and outputs from each thematic area, but also share main lessons learned in the process of helping to make qualitative data more FAIR that can be of use not only for qualitative researchers, but also open science community more broadly. Presented lessons will focus on five main areas: 1) Building a network of diverse actors involved with qualitative research across disciplines; 2) Developing skills in qualitative data sharing and reuse through seminars and workshops; 3) Creating routines, procedures and concrete instructions for making qualitative data more FAIR; 4) Involving researchers and their own projects as case studies for testing new solutions for qualitative data reuse, and 5) Working with stakeholders to move towards new policies and national solutions for qualitative data sharing and reuse. Based on the presented lessons from the project, we will indicate recommendations and future directions for the efforts focusing on making qualitative data more reusable.
See this presentation in this video recording
English
No full textThe ideals of open access do not exclude the blind and reading-disabled, but the realities of limited funding frequently do. In this work, we survey the 36,000 open-access ebooks and chapters supported by OAPEN to determine the extent of this exclusion and to explore strategies for remediation of poorly accessible ebooks. Only 1144 of these are available in EPUB format, which is more easily used for text-to-speech or braille reading devices than the more common PDF format. Of these 1144 ebooks, we found that only 156 of these contained useful descriptions of images in alt-text attributes. 31% of the images had no descriptions at all, and most of the rest contained single words such as "image" or simply a file name.Rapid advances in machine vision and large language models may provide useful tools towards mitigation of poor ebook accessibility. Our initial experience with these tools suggests that combinations of AI tools together with simple editing and reviewing platforms will provide a cost-effective way forward for the open access community. We are evaluating these tools for automatic description of a set of images and assessing the results. This is a first step to the development of advanced tools to deal with complex tables, graphs and figures which will improve access for all of us, not just the reading disabled