55773 research outputs found

    Atenção humanizada na assistência ao pré-natal na atenção primária à saúde: um relato de experiência extensionista

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    A disciplina do Programa Extensionista Integrador da etapa 4 tem como objetivo a promoção de ações extensionistas voltadas à saúde da mulher na atenção primária à saúde. Ancorados na metodologia da problematização e auxiliados pelo Arco de Maguerez, os acadêmicos do curso de Medicina visualizaram problemas, identificaram pontos-chave e planejaram ações com o intuito de transformar a realidade local. O artigo tem como objetivo relatar a experiência vivenciada por acadêmicos do curso de Medicina do Centro Universitário de Várzea Grande, no período de fevereiro a julho de 2025, em uma unidade de saúde localizada no município de Várzea Grande, no estado de Mato Grosso. Os resultados obtidos permitiram identificar uma transformação na rotina de serviços de uma equipe da Estratégia Saúde da Família, especialmente no que se refere ao atendimento e ao cuidado integral na assistência ao pré-natal de baixo risco, com ações de educação em saúde voltadas para o apoio ao aleitamento materno, o preparo para o trabalho de parto e os cuidados com o recém-nascido

    HISTÓRIA DOS MATERIAIS DIDÁTICOS DA LÍNGUA KHEUOL: RESISTÊNCIA E VALORIZAÇÃO CULTURAL E LINGUÍSTICA

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    This article aims to highlight the historical trajectory of educational materials in the Kheuol Karipuna language for Indigenous School Education, characterized by its specificity and differentiation. These materials play a fundamental role in shaping Karipuna Indigenous schools, such as E.I.E. Jorge Iaparrá. Produced in the 1980s, they emerged from the Indigenous movement in resistance to traditional education, which neither respected nor valued the native language of this people, becoming a milestone in the fight for cultural and linguistic preservation. The production of educational materials in the native language represents a form of resistance against cultural and linguistic imposition, going beyond a mere pedagogical resource. It is a fundamental strategy for language preservation, the promotion of social justice, respect for diversity, and the guarantee of educational rights.Este artigo tem como objetivo destacar a importância da trajetória histórica do material didático na língua Kheuol Karipuna para a Educação Escolar Indígena, caracterizada por sua especificidade e diferenciação. Esses materiais desempenham um papel fundamental na formação das escolas indígenas Karipuna, como a E.I.E. Jorge Iaparrá. Produzidos na década de 1980, eles surgiram a partir do movimento indígena em resistência a uma educação tradicional que não respeitava nem valorizava a língua materna desse povo, tornando-se um marco na luta pela preservação cultural e linguística. A produção de materiais didáticos na língua materna representa uma forma de resistência à imposição cultural e linguística, indo além de um simples recurso pedagógico. Trata-se de uma estratégia fundamental para a preservação da língua, a promoção da justiça social, o respeito à diversidade e a garantia dos direitos educacionais

    DO MÖTIRO À SAYAÑA: ETNOGRAFIA MULTILOCAL DE MATEMÁTICAS OUTRAS NOS DOCUMENTOS CURRICULARES DA BOLÍVIA

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    This article investigates the mathematics present in Bolivia’s curricular documents. It aims to inventory these documents, with emphasis on the regionalized curricula of the Guaraní nation (Santa Cruz de La Sierra) and the Qullana Aymara nation (La Paz), mapping their constitutive discourses and analyzing how they relate to local culture and construct their own knowledge policies. The research adopts a multilocal ethnography to trace discourses, metaphors, and plots in the documents of Community Vocational Primary Education. The theoretical framework dialogues with Critical Anthropology and decolonial studies, enabling an understanding of how these curricula break with Eurocentric models and propose pedagogical perspectives rooted in indigenous knowledge. The results highlight alternative ways of conceiving curriculum and mathematics, guided by Vivir Bien, integrating culture, territory, language, and community production. It concludes that these curricula contribute to decolonial educational practices and the valorization of indigenous epistemologies. Keywords: Curriculum. Primary Education. Intercultural Education. Decoloniality. Mathematics.Este artículo investiga las matemáticas presentes en los documentos curriculares de Bolivia. Su objetivo es inventariar dichos documentos, con énfasis en los currículos regionalizados de la nación guaraní (Santa Cruz de la Sierra) y de la nación qullana aymara (La Paz), mapeando sus discursos constitutivos y analizando cómo se relacionan con la cultura local y construyen políticas propias de conocimiento. La investigación adopta la etnografía multilocal para rastrear discursos, metáforas y tramas en los documentos de la Educación Primaria Comunitaria Vocacional. El marco teórico dialoga con la Antropología Crítica y los estudios decoloniales, permitiendo comprender cómo estos currículos rompen con modelos eurocéntricos y proponen perspectivas pedagógicas enraizadas en los saberes indígenas. Los resultados señalan formas otras de concebir currículo y matemáticas, orientadas por el Vivir Bien, que integran cultura, territorio, lengua y producción comunitaria. Se concluye que los currículos contribuyen a prácticas educativas decoloniales y a la valorización de las epistemologías indígenas. Palabras clave: Currículo. Educación Primaria. Educación Intercultural. Decolonialidad. Matemáticas.Este artigo investiga as matemáticas presentes nos documentos curriculares da Bolívia. Objetiva inventariar os documentos curriculares da Bolívia, em especial os currículos regionalizados das nações guaraní (Santa Cruz de La Sierra) e qullana aymara (La Paz), mapeando os discursos constitutivos de tais currículos, considerando como se relacionam com a cultura local e constroem políticas de conhecimento próprias. A pesquisa adota a etnografia multilocal para rastrear discursos, metáforas e tramas nos documentos da Educação Primária Comunitária Vocacional. A fundamentação teórica dialoga com a Antropologia Crítica e os estudos decoloniais, permitindo compreender como esses currículos rompem com modelos eurocêntricos e propõem perspectivas pedagógicas enraizadas nos saberes indígenas. Os resultados apontam para a presença de formas outras de conceber currículo e matemática, orientadas pelo Vivir Bien, que integram cultura, território, língua e produção comunitária. Conclui-se que os currículos contribuem para práticas educacionais decoloniais e para a valorização das epistemologias indígenas

    Atenção Primária à Saúde e Terreiros de Candomblé: aproximações e distanciamentos na produção do cuidado

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    Objetivo: descrever a aproximação e o distanciamento entre a Atenção Primária à Saúde e os Terreiros de Candomblé na produção do cuidado. Método: estudo qualitativo, descritivo, realizado em duas unidades de saúde de Camaçari-BA, com a participação de sacerdotes de terreiros de candomblé, profissionais de saúde e gestores da equipe de saúde da família. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas entre setembro e outubro de 2024 e submetidos à Análise Temática, com apoio do NVivo®. Resultados: observou-se a exclusão e deslegitimação dos saberes dos terreiros, influenciadas por barreiras culturais, religiosas, preconceito e lacunas na formação profissional. As práticas espirituais nos terreiros evidenciam uma abordagem de cuidado integral, que articula dimensões física, emocional, social e espiritual. Apesar de limitadas, existem iniciativas institucionais de aproximação com ações em eventos pontuais. Nos terreiros, reconhece-se os limites da espiritualidade na saúde. Conclusão: a relação entre a Atenção Primária e os terreiros é marcada por avanços e lacunas. A parceria entre essas instâncias pode superar barreiras e promover cuidados mais integrais. O modelo atual de atenção à saúde ainda é excludente e discriminatório. Descritores: Espiritualidade; Atenção Primária à Saúde; Medicinas Tradicionais Africanas; Pessoal de Saúde; Integralidade em Saúde; Enfermagem

    Análise experimental do comportamento ao cisalhamento de vigas de concreto reforçado com fibras de aço (CRFA)

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    Steel fiber reinforced concrete (SFRC) is a composite in which the fibers act as reinforcement and control crack opening, modifying the post-cracking behavior of the matrix. The addition of the steel fibers in concrete enhances the shear capacity of beams. SFRC redistributes tensile stresses in diagonally cracked regions due to shear and increases overall strength. Shear failure is brittle in beams lacking or having insuficiente transverse reinforcement. The addition of steel fibers in beams promotes a ductile failure mode and representes an alternative to the use of stirrups. This research aims to investigate the influence of steel fibers on shear behavior of beams without stirrups. Fibers were added to concrete mixes with compressive strength of 30 MPa and 40 MPa, in quantities of 80, 100, and 120 kg/m3 (1%, 1.25%, and 1.50%, respectively). The beams were subjected to flexural loading, and their structural behavior was analyzed. The results indicate a change in the failure mode from brittle to ductile, along with a significant increase in load capacity, correlated with the increase in fiber content. Strain in the reinforcement bars was reduced due to presence of fibers. Experimental values were accurately predicted by the formulation provided in the Brazilian standard.O concreto reforçado com fibras de aço (CRFA) é um material compósito onde as fibras atuam como reforço e controlam a abertura das fissuras, alterando o comportamento após ruptura da matriz. Fibras de aço inseridas no concreto aumentam a capacidade de vigas ao cisalhamento. O CRFA redistribui tensões de tração da diagonal fissurada pelo cisalhamento e aumenta a resistência. A ruptura por cortante é frágil em vigas com ausência ou insuficiente armadura transversal. A adição de fibras de aço em vigas promove ruptura dúctil e é alternativa na substituição dos estribos. A pesquisa tem por objetivo investigar a influência de fibras de aço no comportamento ao cisalhamento de vigas sem estribos. As fibras foram adicionadas a concretos de resistência à compressão 30 MPa e 40 MPa, em quantidades de 80, 100 e 120 kg/m3 (1%, 1,25% e 1,50%, respectivamente). As vigas foram solicitadas à flexão e o comportamento estrutural foi analisado. Resultados obtidos indicam alteração do modo de ruína frágil para dúctil com elevação significativa nos valores das forças e relação com o aumento na quantidade das fibras. As deformações específicas nas barras da armadura foram reduzidas com a presença das fibras. Os valores teóricos da capacidade resistente das vigas de CRFA estimados pela norma brasileira são praticamente iguais aos experimentais

    Transformers or Not: A Comparative Study on Defect Inspection in Printed Circuit Boards

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    A Printed Circuit Board (PCB) is a fundamental component in the manufacturing process of electronic devices. When talking about the process of fabrication of these devices, the quality control stage represents, in general, the biggest cost in production. This stage is usually realized by humans, which are prone to fail, as well as being slower and less consistent when compared to computers. This study presents the utlization of six distincts Artificial Intelligence archtiectures trained for PCB defect detection. The results of the experiments highlighted key differences in training time, accuracy, and computational complexity across various models. YOGA-s achieved a good balance with the second-best mAP 50 accuracy (83.2%) and a moderate training time of 50 minutes. YOLOv11n, despite its shorter training time (40 minutes), outperformed YOGA-s in mAP 50-95 (42.7%). DETR demonstrated the highest accuracy (92.4% mAP 50), but at the cost of significantly longer training times and higher complexity. LW-DETR, while efficient, showed limited performance improvements as its scale increased. YOLOv11n emerged as the most cost-effective option for PCB inspection tasks

    Osteossíntese de Metatarso em uma Terneira Neonata

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    Background: In ruminants, metacarpal and metatarsal fractures are more frequent in young animals, typically due to trauma during dystocia management, improper handling, or maternal trampling. Diagnosis is based on history, clinical signs, and radiographic examination. In most cases, initial assessment consists of determining the location and type of fracture and the cost of treatment. This study reports the case of a complete transverse fracture in the distal third of the diaphysis of the 3rd metatarsal bone of a newborn calf, with treatment consisting of osteosynthesis using a locking plate and screws.  Case: A 3-day-old female Nellore calf, weighing 30 kg, presented with functional impotence of the right pelvic limb stemming from being trampled by its mother. X-ray examination revealed a complete transverse fracture of the distal 3rd of the diaphysis of the 3rd metatarsal bone. The calf underwent an osteosynthesis procedure with internal fixation using a 3.5-mm locking plate and 5 screws, extending from the proximal to the distal region of the metatarsal. After internal fixation, bone positioning and joint motion range were evaluated and found to be within normal limits. In the post-operative period, the calf received meloxicam1 [Maxicam 2%®️ - 0.1 mg/kg, SC, every 24 h for 3 days], dipyrone monohydrate2 [Dipirona Ibasa 50%®️ - 25 mg/kg, SC, every 24 h for 5 days], tramadol hydrochloride3 [Cronidor 2%®️ - 2 mg/kg, IM, every 12 h for 3 days], and ceftiofur sodium4 [Cef50®️ - 1 mg/kg, IM, every 24 h for 7 days]. The limb was externally immobilized for 15 days, changed every 5 days. X-rays were taken immediately and 30 days after surgery to assess the apposition, alignment, apparatuses, and biological activity of the healed area. The implant was removed 86 days after surgery due to both good bone healing of the fragments and the absence of a fracture line.  Discussion: There is a high prevalence of metacarpal and metatarsal bone fractures in cattle due to the lack of protective soft tissue and vulnerability to external trauma. Their occurrence is often associated with inadequate handling practices, dystocia, or accidents such as maternal trampling. Fractures are identified by clinical signs such as swelling, pain, lameness, crepitus, and limb impotence. Imaging tests are essential to confirm the diagnosis and determine the appropriate treatment, which depends on factors such as fracture type and extent, soft tissue damage, and economic viability. The choice of treatment methods varies between confinement, external coaptation, and external or internal fixation. In the present case, the use of a locking plate and screws was chosen due to the weight of the calf, which was similar to that of a large dog. This approach presents advantages essential for proper fracture healing, such as lower tissue damage, preservation of periosteal irrigation, and bone stability. The combination of internal fixation and external immobilization using synthetic plaster was strategic, ensuring stability and facilitating walking during the recovery period. The report emphasizes the importance of an individualized choice of treatment, considering not only the surgical technique but also post-operative monitoring and environmental management to prevent complications. The case illustrates the effectiveness of using a locking plate in specific situations, highlighting the progress achieved in fracture management in cattle.  Keywords: ruminant, neonatal, fracture, locking plate, internal fixation.   Título: Osteossíntese de metatarso em uma terneira neonata Descritores: ruminantes, neonato,  fratura, placa bloqueada, fixação interna. Background: In ruminants, metacarpal and metatarsal fractures are more frequent in young animals, typically due to trauma during dystocia management, improper handling, or maternal trampling. Diagnosis is based on history, clinical signs, and radiographic examination. In most cases, initial assessment consists of determining the location and type of fracture and the cost of treatment. This study reports the case of a complete transverse fracture in the distal third of the diaphysis of the third metatarsal bone of a bovine, with treatment consisting of osteosynthesis using a locking plate and screws. Case: A three-day-old female Nelore cattle, weighing 30 kg, presented with functional impotence of the right pelvic limb stemming from being trampled by its mother. X-ray examination revealed a complete transverse fracture of the distal third of the diaphysis of the third metatarsal bone. The calf underwent an osteosynthesis procedure with internal fixation using a 3.5-mm locking plate and five screws, extending from the proximal to the distal region of the metatarsal. After internal fixation, bone positioning and joint motion range were evaluated and found to be within normal limits. In the post-operative period, the calf received meloxicam1 (Maxicam 2%®️ at a dose of 0.1mg/kg, subcutaneously, every 24 hours for three days), dipyrone monohydrate2 (Dipirona Ibasa 50%®️, 25mg/kg, subcutaneously, every 24 hours for five days), tramadol hydrochloride3 (Cronidor 2%®️, 2mg/kg, intramuscularly, every twelve hours for three days), and ceftiofur sodium4 (Cef50®️, 1mg/kg, intramuscularly, every 24 hours for seven days). The limb was externally immobilized for 15 days, changed every five days. X-rays were taken immediately and 30 days after surgery to assess the apposition, alignment, apparatuses, and biological activity of the healed area. The implant was removed 86 days after surgery due to both good bone healing of the fragments and the absence of a fracture line. Discussion: There is a high prevalence of metacarpal and metatarsal bone fractures in cattle due to the lack of protective soft tissue and vulnerability to external trauma. Their occurrence is often associated with inadequate handling practices, dystocia, or accidents such as maternal trampling. Fractures are identified by clinical signs such as swelling, pain, lameness, crepitus, and limb impotence. Imaging tests are essential to confirm the diagnosis and determine the appropriate treatment, which depends on factors such as fracture type and extent, soft tissue damage, and economic viability. The choice of treatment methods varies between confinement, external coaptation, and external or internal fixation. In the present case, the use of a locking plate and screws was chosen due to the weight of the calf, which was similar to that of a large dog. This approach presents advantages essential for proper fracture healing, such as lower tissue damage, preservation of periosteal irrigation, and bone stability. The combination of internal fixation and external immobilization using synthetic plaster was strategic, ensuring stability and facilitating walking during the recovery period. The report emphasizes the importance of an individualized choice of treatment, considering not only the surgical technique but also post-operative monitoring and environmental management to prevent complications. The case illustrates the effectiveness of using a locking plate in specific situations, highlighting the progress achieved in fracture management in cattle

    Evolução historica da vitamina F [parte II]: uma interessante e importante dissertação por Augusto J. Pacini, PhD, Minneapolis, USA

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    Usos medicinais internos e externos da vitamina F desde 2000 a.C. a 50 d.C.  Usos medicinais internos e externos da vitamina F de 1500 a 1600 d.C. Usos medicinais internos e externos da vitamina F de 1600 a 1700 d.C. Usos medicinais internos e externos da vitamina F de 1700 a 1800 d.C. Usos medicinais internos e externos da vitamina F de 1800 a 1900 d.C. Tabela de usos novos e velhos dos ácidos gordurosos insaturados do óleo de linhaça, chamados vitamina F continuação: v. 17, n. 7, p. 355-360, jul. 1938 continua em: v. 17, n. 9, p. 469-472, set. 193

    Rheumalina

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    Propaganda Rheumalin

    Sumario

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