Donostia International Physics Center
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Sustainability consciousness and attitudes towards Education for Sustainability in pre-service teachers
No full textLas universidades deben contribuir a la formación de una ciudadanía crítica que sea capaz de afrontar la actual crisis ecosocial y sea partícipe en la propuesta de soluciones respetuosas con las personas y el planeta. En la formación inicial de profesorado, favorecer la concienciación y las actitudes positivas hacia la educación en sostenibilidad es clave por su potencial multiplicador. En este trabajo presentamos resultados de un estudio transversal sobre conciencia de sostenibilidad, actitudes hacia la Educación para la Sostenibilidad y conexión con la naturaleza en alumnado de los grados de Educación Primaria e Infantil. Los resultados muestran que, en líneas generales, existe un alto grado de conocimiento medioambiental y que la actitud hacia la Educación para la Sostenibilidad mejora tras una intervención de enseñanza-aprendizaje sobre biodiversidad en el huerto ecodidáctico en el marco de una asignatura de didáctica de las ciencias naturales
Gizatasunaz eta pentsamendu teknologikoaren ibilbideaz
No full textIn this text we will make a history of Western consciousness, essential for the appearance of computer and artificial intelligence, and for this it will be necessary, albeit briefly, to know how logic was introduced in human reflections so that at a given moment it leaves the human realm and is incorporated into the world of machines. That is, we will analyze how logic has been introduced into human thought, how it has been rooted and how it has emerged, explaining the consequences this path has had for humanness and what are the main trends today. Our deep starting point is that the machine of artificial intelligence is the foremost contribution of modern transhumanism. The affirmation or denial of the human being is at stake in an age of nihilism. The purpose of this text is, therefore, to analyze the challenges that the very existence of artificial intelligence, before a concrete use, raises before an ancestral question: What is the human being?; Testu honetan, ordenagailua eta adimen artifiziala agertzeko ezinbesteko izan den Mendebaldeko kontzientziaren historia egingo dugu, eta, horretarako, halabeharrezko izango zaigu, labur bada ere, logika giza gogoetetan nola sartu zen ezagutzea, une jakin batean giza eremutik atera eta makinen eremuan txerta zedin. Hau da, logika giza pentsamenduan nola sartu, nola errotu eta nola atera den aztertuko dugu, eta azalduko dugu ibilbide horrek gizatasunari zer ondorio eragin dizkion eta gaurgeroko joera nagusiak zein izango diren. Gure sakoneko abiapuntua honako hau da: adimen artifizialaren makina transhumanismo modernoaren ekarpenik nabariena da. Gizakiaren baieztapena edo ezeztapena jokoan daude nihilismoak itzalitako garai honetan. Testu honen helburua, beraz, adimen artifizialaren agerpenak berak, erabilera jakinak baino lehen, aspaldiko galderaren aurrean dakarrena aztertzea da: zer da gizakia
Real-time bilevel algorithm for blade tip clearance and tip timing estimation in aircraft engines
No full textAn efficient algorithm is presented for determining the arrival and departure timestamps of rotating blades in aircraft engines using fiber-based optical probes. This approach leverages the bistable characteristics of optical waveforms to optimize a state-level estimator, computing arrival and departure times from mid-level crossings. This eliminates the need for time-consuming signal processing techniques. To validate this method, several bench tests have been conducted on an industrial fan and two different engines. The results demonstrate its suitability for real-time implementation and its effectiveness in estimating blade tip clearance and timing for vibrational analysis, achieving computational times well below 40% of the acquisition times.This work was supported by the MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 [grant numbers PID2021-122505OBC31, PID2021-123131NA-I00, TED2021-129959B-C21]; 'ERDF A way of making Europe'; the 'European Union Next GenerationEU/PRTR'; and the Gobierno Vasco/Eusko Jaurlaritza [grant numbers IT1452-22, ELKARTEK KK 2023/00051]
Reseña de María Belén Fernández Collados y Francisco A. González Díaz (directores) y José Antonio González Martínez (coordinador): la violencia en el trabajo, Aranzadi, Las Rozas, 2025, 450 páginas
No full textMiguel Villanueva en la dictadura de Primo de Rivera: cuestión parlamentaria y oposición civil
No full textEl siguiente artículo tiene como objetivo analizar el papel que desempeñó el político liberal Miguel Villanueva y Gómez (1852-1931) en la oposición civil a la dictadura de Primo de Rivera. Recogiendo el contexto y la retórica antidemocrática de la época, examinaremos las declaraciones públicas del exministro liberal a través de la prensa y de otras fuentes primarias entre 1923 y 1930. Su figura en esta etapa es crucial, puesto que se erigió como uno de los pocos defensores del sistema parlamentario español. Con el tiempo se manifestó públicamente sin ambages contra el nuevo gobierno, la moda del régimen presidencialista y la Asamblea Nacional
Effects of a home-based exercise program on mental health for caregivers of relatives with dementia: a randomized controlled trial
No full textObjective: This study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a home-based physical exercise program on participants’ mental health: psychological symptoms, depression, and burden of female informal caregivers.
Design and participants: In a randomized controlled trial, a sample of 48 female informal primary caregivers
completed the entire study, 25 were randomly allocated to the intervention group (IG), and 23 participants to
the control group (CG).
Intervention: Participants in the IG performed two 60-minute-long physical exercise sessions per week
(36 weeks) that were supervised by a personal trainer at caregivers’ home during 9 months. The CG continued their habitual leisure-time activities.
Measurements: Subjective burden was assessed by the Zarit Burden Interview. The risk of depression was
measured by the Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form 15-item version, and psychological symptoms were
evaluated by the Symptom Check List-90-Revised (SCL-90-R). All participants were evaluated at baseline and at the end of the intervention.
Results: A promising positive impact of the intervention on caregivers’ subjective burden and risk of depression was found in the IG. In addition, no significant between-group differences were found in any of nine subscales scores of the SCL-90-R. Finally, care recipients’ level of functional independence and area of residence were found to be predictors of the promising positive impact on caregivers’ subjective burden and risk of depression.
Conclusions: The present home-based physical exercise intervention that was individually implemented has
shown promising results to reduce subjective burden and risk of depression in female caregivers of relatives with dementia. However, future research efforts should elucidate both the particular dose of physical exercise and the particular duration of the intervention that are required to obtain the expected significant positive impact. Finally, future inclusion of psychological approaches, besides physical exercise, might help reduce female caregivers’ psychological symptoms
Mechanisms of convective storm initiation on Jupiter and Saturn
No full textIn the atmospheres of giant planets such as Jupiter and Saturn, huge convective storms occasionally develop which can change the visual appearance of the planets’ entire bands.
These storms occur when the atmosphere’s water vapor rises and cools, releasing energy and making less dense the ascending air. However, in the helium and hydrogen atmospheres, the moist air is denser than the dry air, making convection more difficult to initiate. As water vapor is located in the deep levels of the atmosphere tens of kilometers below the upper clouds, the details around the formation of the convective storms are unknown. This Master’s Thesis runs numerical simulations of Jupiter and Saturn convective storms using an existing numerical model developed in the Planetary Sciences Group at UPV/EHU. The specific objective of this work is to investigate alternatives to moist convective initialization beyond classical warm bubbles perturbations
Para ser un “Clase A”: las negociaciones del Festival de Cine de San Sebastián y la FIAPF (1953-1985)
No full textThe study of the negotiations between the San Sebastian International Film Festival (SSIFF) and the International Federation of Film Producers Associations (FIAPF) through archival materials evidences the recurrent tensions in the in-ternational festival circuit and the particularities of the Spanish context. In the 1950s, when the rules at the festivals’ arena were still to be defined, SSIFF held its first editions; in the 1970s, the festival was forced to make a series of changes in response to the modernisation of the circuit and the transition to democracy of the Spanish government and its institutions. The first time it was recognised as an International Non-Specialised Competitive Festival of the FIAPF was in 1957, occupying that place intermittently until 1985, when it was consolidated in this category known as "Class A".; El estudio de las negociaciones entre el Festival Internacional de Cine de San Sebastián (SSIFF) y la Federación Internacional de Asociaciones de Productores de Cine (FIAPF) a través de materiales de archivo evidencia las tensiones recurrentes en el circuito internacional de festivales y las particularidades del contexto español. En los 1950, el SSIFF celebró sus primeras ediciones; en los 1970, se vio obligado a realizar una serie de cambios como respuesta a la modernización del circuito y a la transición hacia la democracia del gobierno y las instituciones españolas. Fue reconocido por primera vez como Festival Internacional Competitivo No Especializado de la FIAPF en 1957, ocupando ese lugar intermitentemente hasta 1985, cuando se consolidó en esta categoría conocida como “Clase A”
ChatGPT irakurketa errazeko testuak egokitzeko baliagarria eta fidagarria? Lectura fácil-eko zenbait testuren azterketa: Lectura fácil-eko zenbait testuren azterketa
No full textEasy-to-Read (E2R) aims to generate more accessible texts and content for readers with cognitive problems or learning difficulties, using simple and clear language. The process of adapting and creating E2R texts is very expensive and time-consuming. Due to the success of Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and their ability to generate written language, it is likely to think that such models can help in the adaptation or creation of text in E2R. In this paper, we explore the concept of E2R, its underlying principles and applications, and provides a preliminary study on the usefulness of ChatGPT-4 for E2R text adaptation. We focus on the Spanish language and its E2R variant, Lectura Fácil (LF). We consider a range of prompts that can be used and the differences in output that this produces. We then carry out a three-folded evaluation on 10 texts adapted by ChatGPT-4: (1) an automated evaluation to check values related to the readability of texts, (2) a checklist-based manual evaluation (for which we also propose three new capabilities) and (3) a users' evaluation with people with cognitive disabilities. We show that it is difficult to choose the best prompt to make ChatGPT-4 adapt texts to LF. Furthermore, the generated output does not follow the E2R text rules, so it is often not suitable for the target audience.; Irakurketa errazaren helburua da arazo kognitiboak edo ikasteko zailtasunak dituzten irakurleentzat testu eta eduki irisgarriagoak sortzea, eta, horretarako, hizkuntza sinplea eta argia erabiltzen da. Testuak irakurketa errazera egokitzea prozesu garestia da, bai denbora aldetik baita ekonomia aldetik ere. Prozesu hori azkartzen ChatGPT bezalako tresnek lagun dezakete. Lan honetan, irakurketa erraza zer den azaltzeaz gain, ChatGPT-4k irakurketa errazera egokitzapena nola egiten duen aztertu dugu. Zehazki, gaztelaniazko lectura fácileko testuak izan ditugu aztergai eta hiru ebaluazio egin ditugu: i) neurri linguistiko automatikoetan oinarritutakoa; ii) testuen sinplifikazioko capabilityetan oinarritutakoa; eta iii) helburu talde diren erabiltzaileekin egindakoa. Gure emaitzen arabera, oso zaila da testuak ChatGPT-4ri egokiaraziko dion prompt egoki bat aukeratzea, sortu dituen testuak ez dituzte irakurketa errazeko gidalerroak jarraitzen eta, askotan, ChatGPT-4k sortutako testua ez da egokia helburu taldearentzat
Media Relations Strategies of NGOs of Families with Trans Children: Strengths, Limitations, and Impact on the News Coverage of Issues Affecting Trans People
No full textThe visibility of trans people in the news media has witnessed a remarkable increase over the past two decades, coinciding with a decline in the media delegitimization of trans rights and misrepresentation of trans individuals. Major spikes in Spanish news coverage on issues affecting trans people are undoubtedly related to the media relations efforts undertaken by NGOs of families with trans minors. This study aims to analyze the media relations strategies employed by Spanish NGOs of families with trans minors and examine their impact on the news coverage of issues affecting trans people in Spain. Combining in-depth interviews and quantitative content analysis, the findings of this study indicate that these NGOs try to employ proactive strategies and actively involve trans minors and their families to create emotionally impactful narratives. However, the lack of resources poses a significant limitation. The presence of these NGOs in news articles has been found to decrease explicit forms of delegitimization. These findings demonstrate the significant impact of Spanish NGOs of families with trans children in generating substantial media attention for issues affecting trans people. Their efforts have not only increased visibility but also contributed to the improvement of accurate and respectful representation of trans individuals in the news media.This work was supported by the University of the Basque Country through a predoctoral grant