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Cross-modal interactions in language production: evidence from word learning
No full textPublished online 9 August 2024Literate adults are able to produce the same word in different language modalities—for instance, through speaking and writing. Yet how speaking and writing interact is not well understood. The present study takes a new perspective on the question of the co-activation of phonological and orthographic representations in speaking and writing by examining the acquisition of novel words. We tested how novel words get integrated into modality-specific lexicons by biasing novel word acquisition toward speaking or writing and assessing cross-modal transfer at the first stages of learning. Participants learned novel words paired with pictures of novel objects and practiced them overtly through speaking or typing. At test, typed training led to higher recall accuracy than spoken training whether words were recalled through typing or speaking. Performance in typing (RT and durations) benefited more from typed than spoken training. Crucially, performance in speaking did not benefit specifically from spoken training and was similar after spoken or typed training. Results are compatible with an asymmetric integration in the phonological and orthographic lexicons according to the modality of training, with representations created in the orthographic lexicon directly transferring to the phonological lexicon, while the opposite doesn’t seem to occur. Cross-modal transfer dynamics are discussed according to the level of lexical activation.This research was supported by the Basque Government through the BERC 2022–2025 program and funded by the Spanish State Research Agency through BCBL Severo Ochoa excellence accreditation CEX2020-001010/AEI/https:// doi. org/ 10. 13039/ 50110 00110 33 and through project PID2020-113926 GB-I00/AEI/https:// doi. org/ 10. 13039/ 50110 00110 33. Svetlana Pinet received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 892200, and from the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and the Spanish State Research Agency through the Juan de la Cierva-Incorporación IJC2018-035196-I. Clara D. Martin received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Grant Agreement No: 819093) and the Basque Government (PIBA18_29)
Un precedente olvidado de Nueve novísimos: «Seis jóvenes poetas españoles» (1968). Texto y contexto
No full textA partir de un estudio de la antología «Seis jóvenes poetas españoles», publicada en la revista Mundo Nuevo en 1968 por José María Castellet, se reconstruye el contexto estético e ideológico en el que apareció este olvidado precedente de Nueve novísimos poetas españoles (1970). Muchos de los presupuestos estéticos esbozados allí aparecerían radicalmente expuestos en la antología de 1970. El estudio también revela la conexión estético-ideológica entre el enfoque de Castellet y los movimientos intelectuales progresistas disidentes de la segunda mitad de los años sesenta
Autismoaren espektroko nahastea duten haur eta nerabeen komunikazioa eta osasun mentala hobetzeko erizaintzako esku-hartzeak
No full textSarrera: Azken urteetan Autismoaren Espektroko Nahastearen (AEN)
errekonozimenduak gora egin du. Hala ere, erizainek, haur hauen garapenaren kontrolaren arduradun izanik, eman beharreko arretaren inguruan ezagutza urria dute eta horrek, nahasmendu honen ezaugarri diren komunikazio eta osasun mentalaren hobekuntza zailtzen du.
Helburua: Lan honen helburu orokorra AEN duten haur eta nerabeen komunikazioa edo/eta osasun mentala hobetu dezaketen erizaintzako esku-hartzeen eragina aztertzea.
Metodologia: Helburua garatzeko errebisio bibliografikoa egin da. PIO estruktura erabiliz, informazioa datu base ezberdinetan bilatu da (Pubmed, Dialnet, Biblioteca Virtual de la Salud eta Cuiden). Barneratze eta kanporatze irizpideak aplikatu ondoren, 17 artikulu izan dira aukeratuak.
Emaitzak: Aztertutako 17 artikulutatik 12k lortu zuten komunikazioaren hobekuntza eta 12 izan ziren ere osasun mentala hobetu zutenak. Teknologia eta tresna espezifikoen taldean, denek lortu zuten komunikazioaren hobekuntza eta 5etik lauek osasun mentalarena. Terapia eta ikuspegi holistiko esku-hartzeei dagokionez 8 ikerketetatik bost izan ziren baliogarri komunikaziorako eta sei buru osasunerako. Azkenik, familiaren rolari dagokionez, 5 azterlanetatik hiruk lortu zuten komunikazioa hobetzea eta beste hiruk osasun mentala.
Ondorioak: Erizainek AEN duten haurren komunikazioa eta osasun mentala hobetzeko esku-hartze asko dauden arren, ebidentzia zientifikoa eskasa da. Gainera, jarraipen eta garapenaren inguruko funtsezko profesionalak izanik, beharrezkoa ikusi da zainketa plan
estandarizatu baten garapena.
Hitz gakoak: Autismoa, pediatria, erizaintzako esku-hartzeak, komunikazioa, osasun mentala
Kalelagun diseinu gida. Kanpoko espazio publikoak eraldatzeko eredua, adineko pertsonen bakardadea arintzeko eta autonomia handitzeko
No full text131 pNahi gabeko bakardadea prebenitzeko eta arintzeko espazio publikoak diseinatzeko Gida Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateko Arkitektura Saileko KALELAGUN ikerketa-proiektuaren emaitza da. Proiektua Euskal Herriko Unibertsitateko Arkitektura Saileko Bizi Kalitatea Arkitekturan Ikerketa Taldeak (CAVIAR) garatu du.
ADINBERRI Fundazioak eta Gipuzkoako Foru Aldundiak sustatu eta finantzatu dute proiektua, eta Bakardadeei aurre egiteko Gipuzkoako Foru Aldundiaren HARIAK estrategiaren esparruan kokatzen da. Pertsonek bizitzen, ibiltzen eta erabiltzen duten espazio fisikoa (etxebizitza eta hirigintza) egituratzeko edo eraldatzeko jarduketei erantzuten die azterlanak, lehen mailako prebentzio edo prebentzio unibertsaleko gisa sailkatuta daudenei, harreman-inklusio egoeretarako.
KALELAGUN proiektua jardunbide egoki modura sartu da KORALE —Towards a community of practice and knowledge on preventing and tackling loneliness from public policies (Interreg Europe, Europar Batasunak kofinantzatua) ikerketa-proiektuan.
Lehenengo KALELAGUN plaza 2025ean hasiko da eraikitzen, gure hirietako plazak eta kaleak eraldatzeko erreferente bihurtzeko helburuarekin, nahi gabeko bakardadea prebenitzeko eta arintzeko
Gaur egungo haur literatura: bullyngari aurre egiteko bide bat
No full text56 p. -- Bibliogr.: p. 29-31[EUS] Gradu Amaierako Lan hau, haur literaturaren baitan bullying-ak duen presentzia aztertzea xede nagusi duen ikerketa da. Bullying-a ikerketaren funtsa izanik, azken hamabost urteetan gai hau jorratzen duten albumen zerrenda bat osatzea bilatzen da, gida (zerrenda) bera arazoa errotik ezabatu eta horrelako egoerei aurre egiteko tresna baliagarria bihurtuz. Bertan, haur literaturaren nondik norakoak, bullying-aren alderdi ezberdinen azterketa edota korpus literarioa osatzeko zehaztutako irizpideak biltzen dira. Horrez gain, obra bakoitzaren azterketa sakona eskaintzen da ere. Honekin batera, ikerketa honen bitartez eskuratutako emaitzak hipotesiekin alderatuta, lana biribiltzen duten ondorioak atera dira, bide batez, honen inguruko gogoeta eginez.[ES] Este Trabajo de Fin de Grado se centra en un estudio cuyo objetivo principal es analizar la presencia del bullying en la literatura infantil actual. Siendo esta forma de violencia la esencia de la investigación, se ha buscado completar una lista de álbumes publicados en los últimos quince años que abordan este tema, convirtiendo la propia lista de álbumes en una herramienta útil para eliminar el problema de raíz y afrontar este tipo de situaciones. En este estudio se recogen los entresijos de la literatura infantil y juvenil, el análisis de diferentes aspectos relacionados con el bullying o los criterios definidos para completar nuestro corpus literario. Además, se ofrece un análisis exhaustivo de cada obra. Después de comparar los resultados obtenidos mediante este estudio con las hipótesis previamente formuladas, se han extraído las conclusiones que completan el propósito de nuestro estudio
Estudio de la viabilidad de distintas tecnologías para el parque automovilístico
No full textEste trabajo analiza las posibles alternativas sostenibles al uso de combustibles fósiles en el sector del transporte, centrándose en el ámbito del automóvil. Se estudian tres tecnologías principales: vehículos eléctricos, vehículos basados en pila de hidrógeno y combustibles sintéticos o e-fuels. Se realiza un recorrido por la evolución histórica y técnica de cada una, analizando su funcionamiento, eficiencia energética y grado de madurez tecnológica. El análisis incluye comparaciones del impacto medioambiental real de cada solución con cálculos de emisiones reales de gases de efeto invernadero basados en datos actualizados. Además, se examina su viabilidad según el contexto de diferentes países, teniendo en cuenta factores como la infraestructura, el mix energético o las políticas de cada país. El objetivo es ofrecer una visión crítica y fundamentada sobre cuál o cuáles de estas tecnologías pueden representar una opción viable para descarbonizar el transporte por carretera en el corto y largo plazo.Lan honetan, garraioaren sektorean erregai fosilen alternatiba jasangarriak aztertzen dira, automobilaren arloan arreta jarriz. Hiru teknologia nagusi aztertzen dira: ibilgailu elektrikoak, hidrógeno-pilan oinarritutako ibilgailuak eta erregai sintetikoak. Bakoitzaren bilakaera tekniko eta historikoa, funtzionamendua, eraginkortasuna eta heldutasuna aztertzen dira. Ingurumen-inpaktu erreala eta berotegi-efektuko gasen emisioak datu eguneratuetan oinarrituta konparatzen dira. Halaber, teknologia horien bideragarritasuna herrialde ezberdinetan aztertzen da, azpiegitura, energia-iturrien osaera eta politika nazionalak kontuan hartuta. Helburua da epe labur eta luzean errepide-garraioa deskarbonizatzeko aukera bideragarrien azterketa kritikoa egitea.This paper analyzes sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels in the transportation sector, focusing on the automotive field. It examines three main technologies: electric vehicles, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, and synthetic fuels or e-fuels. The study explores the historical and technical evolution of each, analyzing their operation, energy efficiency, and technological maturity. It compares the environmental impact of each solution, including calculations of real greenhouse gas emissions based on current data. The viability of each technology is also examined in the context of different countries, considering infrastructure, energy mix, and national policies. The aim is to assess which technologies offer a viable path to decarbonize road transport in the short and long term
From Tutoring Action to Tutoring Interaction (TI) in Higher Education
No full textJoan den mendeaz geroztik, ekarpen ugari egin dira, eta horrek agerian uzten du zer-nolako garrantzia duten zenbait funtziok, hala nola orientazioak, aholkularitzak eta abarrek unibertsitatean. Europako Uniberstitate Eremuak (EUE), hala ere, garrantzi hori azpimarratu du, eta, gainera, ikasleak ikaskuntza-prozesuaren erdigunean jarri nahi izan ditu. Hala ere, askotan, arau eta protokolo-esparru desberdinak izateak, paperaren gaineko tutoretza ulertzeko eta/edo kontzeptualizatzeko modu batzuetan aurrera egiteak ez du benetako islarik izan praktikan. Lan honek tutoretza ulertzeko modu berri baten izateko arrazoia mugatu nahi du, tutoretza-interakzioaren kontzepturantz igarotzearen aldeko apustua eginez. Metodologiari dagokionez, berrikuspen teoriko bat egin dugu funtsezko gaiak zehaztu ahal izateko. Funtsezko gai horiek haien esanahia eta helburua ulertzen lagundu digute, eta interakzio horren azpian dauden hainbat eredu ulertzeko aukera ematen digute. Berrikuspen horren bidez tutoretzak garapen integrala sustatu behar duela ikusten dugu, eta, horretarako, unibertsitatearen lana funtsezkoa da. Amaitzeko, tutoretza-interakzioari (TI) buruzko definizio propioa ematen da, aztergai konplexu hori ikusarazteko
"La naturaleza del paisaje": El territorio Monteño como espacio de conflicto y resistencia
No full text"La naturaleza del paisaje" es un proyecto artístico que surge de la investigación doctoral "El paisaje expandido", consolidado como una iniciativa independiente que promueve el arte crítico en una de las regiones más despobladas de Europa. Ubicado en los Montes de Toledo, un territorio aislado y de difícil acceso, plantea el paisaje como un espacio de resistencia y reflexión, donde la producción artística se vincula con la investigación territorial. A través de residencias, exposiciones y encuentros, acoge a creadores nacionales e internacionales que trabajan en diálogo con el entorno, abordando problemáticas ecológicas y sociales. Sin apoyo institucional estable, su financiación ha dependido de recursos privados y ayudas puntuales. Su metodología, basada en la inmersión y la adaptación al territorio, permite cuestionar modelos tradicionales de gestión y explorar nuevas formas de habitar el paisaje, consolidando el arte como una herramienta crítica y transformadora
Process Intensification of BPA-PC depolymerization: from batch to continuous operation
No full textOver the last few decades, the growing accumulation of plastic has become one of the main contributors to climate change, negatively impacting marine and land ecosystems around the world. Development of scalable upcycling processes is required to combat the low recycling rates of plastics worldwide. Upcycling refers to the set of all techniques that allow to convert waste directly into another, more valuable material, without using conventional recycling techniques. Chemolysis is a well-suited technique for the recycling of widely used condensation polymers such as polyethylene terephtalate and polycarbonates,
commonly employed in the food industry. Among condensation plastics, bisphenol-A polycarbonate (BPA-PC) is a widely used thermoplastic thanks to its high ductility and resistance, and low production costs. BPA-PC is an interesting candidate for chemloysis due to its potential for selective polymerization.
In this study, a Coiled Flow Inverter (CFI) reactor has been employed to study the intensification potential of a BPA-PC depolymerization reaction developed by researchers at Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), in the Netherlands. A completely new experimental setup was built with the objective of performing said reaction in continuous operation. Continuous processes present several advantages in comparison to batch
processes. In this project, the focus is on their improved heat and mass transfer due to the enhanced mixing capacity that the used reactor provides, which leads to higher yields and faster reaction kinetics.
This project begins with the transformation of BPA-PC pellets into particles below 200 μm in size using two methods. As cryogenic grinding delivered poor results, a dissolution/re-precipitation technique was finally employed using a solvent/anti-solvent mixture of chloroform and isopropanol.
The optimized experimental procedure required a mixture of ethylene carbonate and BPA-PC to be preheated to 85ºC and fed to a Y-mixer with a peristaltic pump. In parallel,a flow of ethylene glycol and catalyst 1,8-diazabicyclo(5.4.0)undec-7-ene (DBU) was fed to the same mixer by means of a syringe pump. The reactor temperature was fixed at
80ºC, and the total flow rate was tuned to provide a specific residence time, in the range between 100 to 330 s. This translates into a 90% reduction in reaction time compared to the original batch procedure. In comparison to an experiment conducted with ground polycarbonate, reduction of the residence time in the reactor was around 32%. BPA-PC
conversion rates into BPA were assessed by analyzing product samples with Hydrogen Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-NMR).
A set of recommendations is included at the end of this study with the intention of highlighting critical aspects that have been identified throughout the duration of the study
A cross linguistic study on orthographic influence during auditory word recognition
No full textPublished: 11 March 2025Learning to read affects speech perception. For example, the ability of listeners to recognize
consistently spelled words faster than inconsistently spelled words is a robust finding called the
Orthographic Consistency Effect (OCE). Previous studies located the OCE at the rime level and focused
on languages with opaque orthographies. This study investigates whether the OCE also emerges
at the phonemic level and is a general phenomenon of languages with alphabetic scripts, including
those with transparent writing systems. Thirty French (opaque language) and 30 Spanish (transparent
language) listeners participated in an auditory lexical decision task featuring words and pseudowords
including either only consistently spelled phonemes or also inconsistently spelled phonemes. Our
results revealed an OCE in both French and Spanish which surfaced as longer reaction times in
response to inconsistently spelled words and pseudowords. However, when analyzing the data split by
language, the OCE was only detectable in French but not in Spanish. Our findings have two theoretical
implications. First, they show that auditory lexical processing is impacted by orthographic information
that is retrieved at the phonemic level, not just the rime level. Second, they suggest that the OCE may
be modulated by a language’s opacity. In conclusion, our study highlights the depth of literacy effects
on auditory language processing and calls for further investigations involving highly transparent
languagesThis work was supported by institutional grants from the Basque Government [BERC 2022–2025 program] and the Spanish State Research Agency [BCBL Severo Ochoa excellence accreditation CEX2020-001010/AEI/10.13039/501100011033] awarded to the BCBL. This project has also received funding from a “La Caixa” Foundation fellowship [ID 100010434; fellowship code LCF/BQ/IN18/11660068; co-funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska Curie grant agreement No. 713673 awarded to AF], the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program [grant agreement No 819093 to CDM], and from the Spanish State Research Agency [PID2020-113926GB-I00 to CDM; PID2021-123578NA-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE, & FJC2020-044978-I to AS]. We thank Caroline Handley for proof-reading this manuscript