King Juan Carlos University
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The micropaleontological contrast of the History: the Roman Lacus Ligustinus
No full textDuring the Roman period (3rd century BC-5th century AD), the areas located near the present-day mouth of the Guadalquivir River were occupied by a lagoon with marine connection, according to the paleoenvironmental interpretation of benthic foraminiferal assemblages obtained in a core extracted in the Donana National Park. The inner zones of this lagoon were occupied by clayey tidal flats, which suffered the effects of a storm towards the end of the 1st century A.D. The comparison with the ostracod assemblages of the same core confirms this reconstruction and the paleogeographic data provided by various chroniclers, although these microcrustaceans better record the paleoenvironmental changes in these coastal sectors
Sostenibilidad y conocimiento abierto: metodología activa para la innovación en educación superior
No full textFoundation of a realistic method for the analysis of Ethics and Bioethics cases
No full textThrough a bibliographic review of publications in Spanish and English from the last three decades, a critique of the foundations and characteristics of case analysis methods in contemporary Western bioethics is carried out, among which the most relevant for the analysis of bioethical cases and problems turn out to be the Deliberative Method (typical of principlism, consensualism, and utilitarianism) and the Triangular Method (proposed by ontologically based personalism) which present limitations of foundation and practical application, respectively. The author justifies the need to train professionals and students for the analysis of practical cases in Ethics and Bioethics, proposing a new method, the "Realistic Method", which tries to bring together the virtualities and utilities of the deliberative and the triangular, overcoming the deficiencies of both from the approaches of classical realist philosophy and personalist-based anthropology
Impact of the EU Language Agenda on Higher Education: The Case of Rey Juan Carlos University
No full textTwenty years after bilingual programmes were introduced in Spanish schools, this study assesses their effect on the English proficiency of undergraduates at Rey Juan Carlos University in Madrid. It draws on a descriptive longitudinal analysis (2014–2024) of enrolment records (N = 77,834) for Modern Language, a compulsory second-year subject that can be waived with an official English certificate. The research reviews extensive data on overall enrolment, the number of students who take the course versus those who validate it, and the average validation grade expressed both in academic terms and CEFR levels. The results show clear gains in students’ English skills: not only has the number of course validations grown over the past decade, but the typical level of submitted certificates has risen from B1 to B2. These outcomes indicate a positive link between the bilingual education initiative and students’ language proficiency in higher education, while also offering evidence relevant to the European Union’s language policy goals
Unveiling lichen diversity on volcanic substrates: A comparative study across mainland Spain
No full textVolcanic rocks harbor an interesting biota well-adapted to the stressful conditions imposed by the environment. Lichens species, with their remarkable resilience, are the most conspicuous organisms colonizing these ecosystems reflecting higher percentages of volcanic rocks coverage. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of lichen diversity across mainland Spain, focusing on the different locations of the volcanic zones and volcanism type, aiming to investigate differences in species richness, frequency, and functionality in four volcanic zones: central, northeastern, southeastern coastal, and southeastern inland. Fieldwork and literature review were used to compile a dataset of 360 lichen species from 85 localities. The results indicate that regional differences in species composition are driven by location of the volcanic zones. Functional traits such as growth forms, photobiont types, and secondary metabolites exhibit similarities across volcanic zones. At a local scale, differences in lichen composition appear influenced by the chemical composition of volcanic rocks. The findings underscore that despite high species turnover between volcanic zones, functionality remains consistent, with a clear dominance of species developing crustose thalli with green algal photobionts and secondary metabolites offering photoprotection in these harsh environments. This research helps fill the knowledge gap on lichen diversity in the Iberian Peninsula's volcanic regions
Recreational sandboxes for children and dogs can be a source of epidemic ribotypes of Clostridium difficile
No full textDifferent studies have suggested that the sand of public playgrounds could have a role in the transmission of infections, particularly in children. Furthermore, free access of pets and other animals to the playgrounds might increase such a risk. We studied the presence of Clostridium difficile in 20 pairs of sandboxes for children and dogs located in different playgrounds within the Madrid region (Spain). Clostridium difficile isolation was performed by enrichment and selective culture procedures. The genetic (ribotype and amplified fragment length polymorphism [AFLP]) diversity and antibiotic susceptibility of isolates was also studied. Overall, 52.5% (21/40) of samples were positive for the presence of C.difficile. Eight of the 20 available isolates belonged to the toxigenic ribotypes 014 (n=5) and 106 (n=2), both regarded as epidemic, and CD047 (n=1). The other 12 isolates were non-toxigenic, and belonged to ribotypes 009 (n=5), 039 (n=4), and 067, 151 and CD048 (one isolate each). Nevertheless, all isolates (even those of a same ribotype) were classified into different AFLP genotypes indicating non-relatedness. In conclusion, our results revealed the presence of epidemic ribotypes of C.difficile in children's and dog's sandboxes located nearby, which constitutes a major health risk
¿Cómo innovar en aprendizaje de gestión digital de riqueza y bienestar? Experiencia con monedas digitales socio-empresariales
No full textEste trabajo ofrece una síntesis de un aprendizaje basado en experiencia de aula
(ABEA), para enseñar a los estudiantes pensamiento crítico-creativo y emprendedor
aplicado a la gestión de monedas digitales socio-empresariales (MDSE), con el fin de
aumentar la riqueza y bienestar en su entorno y organizaciones. Esta experiencia se
basada en los marcos teóricos y metodológicos de la síntesis heterodoxa,
combinándose la Escuela Austriaca con los Neoinstitucionalistas, además de
aplicarse técnicas didácticas de aprendizaje activo. El objetivo principal es hacer
reflexionar a los estudiantes sobre el dinero más allá de los límites de la síntesis
neoclásica y su economía de bienestar estatal, para capacitarles en su alfabetización
digital y poder así generar dinero alternativo (privado, participativo y descentralizado),
que sirva para promover más intercambios y motivar a los agentes a ser más
productivos y autónomos, además de redundar en el beneficio de sus familias y
allegados.Grupo de Innovación Docente Consolidado en Tecnologías de la información y comunicación y tecnologías del aprendizaje y conocimiento para la mejora de los estudios de ciencias de la economía y de la empres
Access to housing in Spain: main barriers
No full textIn the 21st century, access to housing is one of the greatest challenges facing society. Considering housing as a fundamental human right, this article focuses on identifying and analysing the main barriers affecting or impeding access to housing for a large part of the Spanish population. It employs key affordability indices and mortgage effort ratios to assess the extent of the crisis, and situates the Spanish case within the European context. The research seeks to answer the question: What are the main barriers that hinder access to affordable housing in Spain, and what strategies could help to overcome them? The analysis reveals a severe supply-demand imbalance, weak public housing policies, rising costs, and limited alternatives to home ownership. Lastly, this article proposes evidence-based strategies, including the reinforcement of public-private partnerships, the optimization of unused public land and existing housing stock, and the permanent protection of social housing. These measures are aimed at increasing affordable housing supply and ensuring housing as a guaranteed right for all
Lecciones de historia económica
No full textEn este manual, se da, un peso específico a los principales acontecimientos económicos de la Historia de España y, por el contrario disminuir el peso que se suele conceder a la historia de las civilizaciones antiguas. Se destaca, por un lado, la incorporación de actividades y ejercicios prácticos que ejerciten al alumno en el tipo de examen con el que se habrá de enfrentar y, por otro, la introducción de una bibliografía seleccionada para cada capítulo, de forma que el alumno interesado pueda profundizar en aspectos concretos del temario
La Ordnungspolitik de la nueva economía institucional
No full textAunque la escuela historica alemana y el institucionalismo americano son los principales los antecedentes de la nueva economia institucional, otras escuelas–como el ordoliberalismo aleman– tambien ejercieron una posible influencia en el neoinstitucionalismo Este articulo explora sus puntos comunes, con base en la obrade Walter Eucken, cuya propuesta de politica economica coincide, aunque con ciertos matices, con la de Coase, North y Williamson, fundadores de la nueva economía institucional, en la necesidad de un Estado que establezca un orden basado en una estructura de normas e instituciones que permita el correcto funcionamiento del mercado competitivo, en el caracter multidisciplinario de sus estudios, en el rechazo de los monopolios y grupos de interes que controlan el Estado y en el papel de la empresa como organismo planificador que rivaliza con el Estado