King Juan Carlos University
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A significantly enhanced role for plant genetic resource centres
No full textPlant genetic resources (PGR) serve as the cornerstone for global varietal enhancement and food security. However, these resources face significant threats, including diversity erosion and extinction, are often inadequately conserved, and frequently remain inaccessible for practical use. Traditionally, PGR have been primarily conserved through population seed samples stored ex situ in genebanks. In contrast, complementary in situ techniques – whether involving crop wild relatives (CWR) in genetic reserves or crop landraces (LR) on-farm – have largely remained experimental. The demand from breeders for a broader diversity is driving a more integrated approach that combines ex situ and in situ methods. This paper posits that such an integrated strategy would be mutually advantageous for PGR, biodiversity, and farmer-based conservation communities. As a foundation for future PGR science, we propose the three ‘Principles of PGR
Conservation and Use Congruence’ and outline the practical processes involved in in situ and on-farm conservation. We also review the challenges associated with integrating ex situ and in situ conservation, specifically addressing how collaborative resource management can be established, how potential resource users can access in situ and on-farm conserved PGR, how to promote user access to in situ conserved populations, and the progress made thus far in integrating in situ and ex situ efforts. While it is acknowledged that full integration may be unrealistic without adequate resources for Genetic Resource Centres and the rectification of skill gaps, the potential to significantly enhance the long-term, sustainable conservation of PGR diversity holds profound existential benefits for humanity in the 21st century
RubrInfantil: asistente experto en creación de rúbricas LOMLOE para Educación Infantil
No full textRubrInfantil es un asistente de Inteligencia Artificial especializado en la creación y adaptación de rúbricas LOMLOE para Educación Infantil (0-6 años). Diseñado para facilitar al profesorado la evaluación por competencias, RubrInfantil ayuda a construir rúbricas alineadas con las competencias específicas, criterios de evaluación y saberes básicos de cada ciclo y área. Su enfoque se basa en la evaluación formativa, globalizada y adaptada a los ritmos de cada niño o niña, promoviendo un aprendizaje significativo, inclusivo y respetuoso con la normativa estatal y autonómica.
Con solo responder a unas preguntas clave, RubrInfantil genera rúbricas claras, progresivas y personalizadas, permitiendo evaluar con mayor rigor y eficacia. Ya sea para crear desde cero, adaptar al currículo una comunidad autónoma o mejorar rúbricas existentes, este asistente es el aliado ideal para transformar la evaluación en una herramienta educativa real. Porque evaluar en Infantil también puede hacerse con cariño, profesionalidad… y sin perder tiempo.
RubrInfantil se puede utilizar desde este enlace: https://chatgpt.com/g/g-67f645d07014819181f629bb506a3bbd-rubrinfantil-creador-de-rubrica-para-ed-infanti
Edible Flowers in Modern Gastronomy: A Study of Their Volatilomic Fingerprint and Potential Health Benefits
No full textGiven the transformation that gastronomy has undergone in recent years, there is a need to characterize some new foods that are being incorporated into the modern diet. Among them, edible flowers stand out, which are used today not only to enhance the organoleptic properties of gourmet dishes but also for some of the beneficial properties they provide to human health. In this study, the volatilomic fingerprint of seven edible flowers that are used daily in Michelin-starred restaurants on Madeira Island was established. For this purpose, the extraction of volatile organic metabolites (VOMs) was carried out using the headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) technique followed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed a wide variability among the analyzed flowers. While fewer VOMs were detected in some flowers, other flowers, such as Viola tricolor and Rosa spp., exhibited a greater number of these compounds. Acmella oleracea had the highest number of detected VOMs. Each of these VOMs contributes to the characteristic aroma representative of the respective flower, highlighting their potential health benefits, as some are known for their anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and even anticancer properties
Exenciones en el IRPF a favor de la acción protectora de los poderes públicos
No full textLas exenciones que aquí denominamos como a favor de la acción protectora de los poderes públicos benefician particularmente a las prestaciones públicas de cui- dado, a las que se les exonera de contribuir al sostenimiento de los gastos públicos. En un impuesto personal como el IRPF, son exenciones de índole social a favor de personas en situaciones concretas muy demandantes de cuidado (especialmente, por nacimiento y cuidado del menor). También a favor de colectivos diversos, como el de las personas cuidadoras o el de las mujeres víctimas de violencia de género (en muchos casos en situación de riesgo de pobreza). El legislador utiliza, de este modo, este importante beneficio fiscal lo que termina coadyuvando a uno de los temas más urgentes que se presentan actualmente en la agenda de los poderes públicos.En el IRPF el legislador ha ido acumulando a lo largo de todos los años desde la creación del impuesto un elenco importante de exenciones. Como es sabido, su jus- tificación, como excepción al principio de generalidad, puede ser diversa. Existen exenciones que responden al principio de capacidad económica del art. 31.1 CE; otras que obedecen a razones de técnica fiscal mejorando la racionalidad del impuesto o evitando supuestos de doble imposición; y otras tienen fines extrafiscales. En particular, fines sociales ya que buscan hacer efectivas algunas de las políticas públicas o derechos reconocidos en la CE (este es el caso de las políticas familiares
GUÍA PARA LA JUSTIFICACIÓN TÉCNICA DE EXIGENCIAS DEL CÓDIGO TÉCNICO DE EDIFICACIÓN DB-HE – EFICIENCIA ENERGÉTICA Y DB-HR – RUIDO
No full textEn este documento os muestro un modo de proceder para realizar una justificación técnica de las exigencias extraídos, literalmente, de mi tesis doctoral, titulada Construcciones Escolares. Método para valorar los requisitos básicos de seguridad, habitabilidad y funcionalidad en los colegios públicos (URJC, 2022).
La idea es que os sirva de orientación y os aclare algunas cuestiones relativas al cumplimiento del Código Técnico de la Edificación, en concreto de los Documentos Básicos de Eficiencia Energética (DB-HE) y Ruido (DB-HR). Es importante que tengáis en cuenta varias cuestiones, antes de adaptar los criterios a vuestros proyectos:
- El uso de la edificación donde se contextualiza la tesis es docente y el vuestro es residencial. Este hecho influye en las exigencias y el cumplimiento de algunos parámetros.
- Está diseñada para evaluar edificios que están construidos, no proyectos nuevos a realizar.
- Como la hice para una tesis, no quise añadir información que ya se registra por otras vías. Ello quiere decir que no está incluido el DB-HS, el DB-SE ni el RITE. El motivo es que existe una aplicación del Ministerio de Fomento que es para realizar el Informe de Evaluación del Edificio (antigua ITE) y que ya contempla estos apartados. Os he puesto el enlace en la pestaña 'Otros recursos'. Si os registráis, podéis crear informes de evaluación para ver qué y cómo piden la información. Si queréis, lo hablamos el lunes.
- Ha habido una actualización legislativa en el DB-HE, lo que implica cambios en algunas exigencias y valores de cumplimiento, los cuales no tengo detectados.
- Las fichas de justificación están diseñadas dentro de todo un material de trabajo creado para el método (mantienen la numeración original). Su destino final es un portafolios que se entrega a los colegios y a los ayuntamientos, que no son técnicos. De ahí que haya procurado que se reflejen claramente los cumplimientos o incumplimientos y que toda la información venga muy desglosada.
El documento explica la justificación técnica junto con las fichas que elaboré para introducir la información.
¡Espero que ahora o algún día, os sea de utilidad
Sorbitol dehydration in 1,4-dioxane: study of reaction conditions and kinetic analysis including mass transfer control
No full textThis work received financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through Cat4BioMon Project (PID2021-122736OB-C44), being funded through MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE.This work assesses the influence of temperature, catalyst loading and water content on the dehydration of sorbitol to isosorbide using a commercially available porous strong acid resin (Amberlyst A70). The results from the catalytic tests show that the presence of water critically drops the reaction efficiency. Water not only participates in the dehydration reaction but also interacts with the sulfonic acid groups of the catalyst, competing for the adsorption to the catalytic sites with the substrate and intermediate products, varying the performance of the sulfonic acid resin. This has a strong influence on the kinetics of the transformation, so that a comprehensive assessment of different kinetic models for heterogeneous catalytic systems evaluating the role of saturation of catalytic sites, different adsorption isotherms, and different controls in the mass transfer has been carried out. Among all the studied alternatives, the model that describes the best the reaction performance is a Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson model with saturation on the catalytic sites featured by mass transfer control in the desorption of the intermediate and final products. Despite the experimental tests have been performed in stirred tanks and other studies have not addressed mass transfer from the pores to the solvent core, the control mostly occurs at the catalyst pores. This is particularly observed for the sorbitans acting as intermediate products since they suffer from limitations in desorption and the latter adsorption to continue with the reaction to sorbitans. This study sheds light on the behaviour of strong cation exchange resins as heterogeneous acid catalysts in dehydration reactions, quite common transformations, specially important in the conversion of highly oxygenated biomass-derived molecules
Is physical activity associated with lower risk of social network problematic use or addiction? A systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textProject funded by the Dirección General de Ordenación del Juego (Spanish Ministry of Consumer Affairs). Ref: SUBV23/00031 and SUBV24/00031. Authors ARC, DTC and JFS have been hired as research staff under the SUBV23/00031 project.Background and Purpose
The global rise in social media usage has led to an increasing prevalence of social network problematic use or addiction (SNPUA). Although previous research has identified a negative association between physical activity (PA) levels and some problematic digital behaviors, the relationship between PA and SNPUA remains unclear. Thus, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine possible associations between PA and SNPUA.
Methods
The search was registered in OSF and was conducted in November 2024 using the following search terms: (‘Physical activity’ or exercise) and (addiction or ‘problematic use’) and (‘social network’ or ‘social media’ or Instagram or Facebook or ‘Tik Tok’). It was carried out in PubMed and Web of Science databases. A total of 255 articles were retrieved and 24 of them met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.4 software.
Results
The majority of studies included university students (n = 14) and primary or secondary school students (n = 7). The participants' mean age ranged from 13.9 to 27.43 years. Female participants accounted for 50.8 % of the total sample. The meta-analysis involving 150,000+ participants revealed that PA is inversely related to SNPUA. Most of the included studies (14/24), involving 94 % of the sample, reported that those participants who engage in a higher amount of PA had lower levels of SNPUA.
Conclusion
PA could be an effective tool to prevent or reduce social network addiction levels. However, inconsistency in collecting data on PA and SNPUA makes it difficult to draw solid conclusions
Evolution of Vortex Filaments and Reconnections in the Gross–Pitaevskii Equation and its Approximation by the Binormal Flow Equation
No full textThis work was supported by Grants PID2022-139524NB-I00 and PID2020-113596GB-I00, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033.The evolution of a vortex line following the binormal flow equation (i.e. with a velocity proportional to the local curvature in the direction of the binormal vector) has been postulated as an approximation for the evolution of vortex filaments in both the Euler system for inviscid incompressible fluids and the Gross–Pitaevskii equation in superfluids. We address the issue of whether this is a suitable approximation or not and its degree of validity by using rigorous mathematical methods and direct numerical simulations. More specifically, we show that as the vortex core thickness goes to zero, the vortex core moves (at leading order and for long periods of time) with a velocity proportional to its local curvature and the binormal vector to the curve. The main idea of our analysis lies in a reformulation of the Gross–Pitaevskii equation in terms of associated velocity and vorticity fields that resemble the Euler system written in terms of vorticity in its weak form. We also present full numerical simulations aimed to compare Gross–Pitaevskii and binormal flow in various physical situations of interest such as the periodic evolution of deformed vortex rings and the reconnection of vortex filaments
Political ideologies and dystopian fiction: a content analysis proposal to conduct a systematic study.
No full textThe study of ideology in television series is a field that mainly uses qualitative research techniques such as discourse analysis. The main objective of this study is to fill the gap in methodology by designing a quantitative data collection tool that will allow authors to carry out systematic studies on the presence of political ideologies on films and television series. To this end, we have designed a content analysis for the study of political ideologies from the viewpoint of communication by developing an analysis framework that includes, among other items, the various ideologemes that comprise the ideological spectrum. To ensure the validity and reliability of the data collection technique in order for it to be replicated in subsequent research, the template has been evaluated by experts and subjected to an intercoder test. Specifically, the analysis sheet is focused on one of the preeminent ideological genres, the dystopia, and has been tested with the tv-show The Purge. However, we would like to point out the possibility of extrapolating the analysis framework to other genres as well
Tratamiento ortésico en las quemaduras
No full textEsta presentación aborda las características de la piel, los tipos y grados de quemaduras, su epidemiología y los factores que influyen en su gravedad. Se explican las fases del proceso de cicatrización y las complicaciones más frecuentes, como las cicatrices hipertróficas, retráctiles y las contracturas articulares, que pueden limitar la movilidad y afectar la calidad de vida del paciente. Se destaca la importancia del posicionamiento y del tratamiento precoz para prevenir estas secuelas.
Además, se profundiza en el uso de la presoterapia como tratamiento clave para las cicatrices hipertróficas. Esta técnica consiste en aplicar presión continua mediante prendas compresivas para acelerar la maduración de la cicatriz, reducir el dolor y el picor, y mejorar el aspecto estético. Se describen los tipos de prendas, su modo de uso, duración del tratamiento y criterios de eficacia, subrayando la necesidad de una adaptación individualizada y un seguimiento constante