31097 research outputs found
Sort by
Euthanasia in Portugal and the United Kingdom: A comparative analysis of attitudes
Get PDFEste estudo utiliza dados do European Values Study para comparar as atitudes dos portugueses e dos britânicos face à eutanásia, analisando como as características sociodemográficas, as crenças religiosas e a orientação política estão associadas às atitudes. Os resultados mostram que os britânicos têm uma justificação média superior em 1,69 pontos (escala Likert de 1 a 10). As mulheres apresentam uma justificação média de 5,97 (DP = 3,16) e os homens de 5,81 (DP = 3,12), tendo os participantes dos 45-54 anos a maior justificação da prática (6,32) e os indivíduos com 75 anos a menor (5,25). As variáveis com relações significativas com a justificação da eutanásia são a idade (negativa), o nível de escolaridade (positiva), e o país.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
The representative organizations of the security forces in Brazil and Portugal as transmission belts of the far-right parties
Get PDFThe growing influence of far-right parties and their connections with security forces poses a significant threat, particularly given the security forces’ monopoly on legitimate violence and the far-right’s inherent distrust of democratic institutions. This article challenges the assumption that the trade union movement uniformly opposes far-right ideologies. Instead, we show that many representative organizations within the security forces actively support far-right initiatives, with police forces especially susceptible to such influence. Drawing on documentary evidence from Brazil and Portugal, our case studies reveal that far-right parties do not necessarily reject intermediary organizations, such as trade unions and professional associations, but rather strategically use them as ‘transmission belts’ to further their agenda. This article contributes to reconsidering the transmission belt concept and suggests pathways for future research in this area.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
“Yo hablo Portugués, tú hablas Brasileño”: Procesos de categorización operados por profesores desde la perspectiva de estudiantes Brasileños en Portugal
Get PDFAtravés da realização de 31 entrevistas semiestruturadas, com jovens estudantes de origem brasileira
na área metropolitana de Lisboa, analisamos de que modo estes alunos interpretam as categorizações operadas pelos seus professores face ao português do Brasil (diferente do português de Portugal, a língua de escolarização). O objetivo deste artigo é contribuir para um melhor entendimento do uso das categorizações na literatura de burocracia de nível de rua a partir da visão dos usuários, reconhecendo a questão da língua como um elemento que aciona estereótipos e constrói categorias sociais.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
The show can go on! The non-existent effect of corruption in fandom (evidence from Portugal)
Get PDFOne of the key premises of the official sports integrity narrative is that the perception of widespread of corruption in sports leads to a decline in people’s interest in sports and to the consequent cultural and financial collapse of the sector. With evidence gathered through a representative survey conducted in Portugal, this article proves this premise to be inaccurate. Despite football being commonly perceived as a corrupt industry, the interest of fans remains unalterable regardless of gender, ideology, political preference, age, or place of residence. This article holds relevance in the ongoing discussion about the implications of sports integrity policy-making processes as it shows that maintaining supporters’ level of engagement is not significantly impacted by concerns over integrity itself. The conclusion discusses the ethical implications that this situation generates and proposes a series of recommendations to enhance integrity and good sports governance.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio
Mining population opinion about local police
Get PDFSentiment analysis, or opinion mining, is an important task of natural language processing (NLP) that extracts opinions, attitudes, and emotions from text. With the growth of digital platforms like blogs and social networks, opinion mining has become a key tool for organizations to understand public sentiment. In recent research, machine learning and lexicon-based approaches have been applied to analyze sentiments. Our work specifically focuses on national security, where sentiment analysis offers crucial insights into local opinions, helping authorities gauge public mood. As part of our research, we developed the Public Sensing about Police Platform, a prototype system designed to analyze emotions from social networks. This system generates dashboards for law enforcement and security agencies, providing actionable intelligence for public safety. Our findings show that “Hate” was the most common emotion expressed in relation to police interventions, indicating widespread unpopularity of these actions and a resulting sense of insecurity among the public.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Local development in the context of territorial shrinkage: Insights for a model of analysis
Get PDFNeste artigo elabora-se uma análise, essencialmente conceptual, sobre as estratégias de desenvolvimento e os desafios enfrentados por territórios “em contração”, procurando partir de uma compreensão alargada dos fatores que explicam a configuração espacial na atual fase do capitalismo. Por um lado, revisita-se a literatura sobre o desenvolvimento regional e local, procurando questionar a evolução geral das teorias e políticas de desenvolvimento, designadamente à escala local e regional. Por outro lado, explora-se a literatura que procura compreender as dinâmicas que explicam a distribuição espacial da atividade humana e o crescimento das cidades, atentando à configuração geográfica da economia do conhecimento, procurando a partir daí identificar as particularidades das condicionantes ao desenvolvimento dos territórios em contração. Do confronto destas duas revisões de literatura, e procurando uma compreensão articulada dos principais contributos de ambas, procura-se perceber a relação teórica e conceptual entre desenvolvimento local, contração territorial e qualidade vida. Este exercício tem como objetivo a identificação dos limites de aplicação geográfica dos modelos de desenvolvimento contemporâneos, e achar novos princípios orientadores da atuação dos agentes nos territórios em contração. Como resultado desta análise, julga-se vantajosa a adoção de estratégias de desenvolvimento beyond growth, centradas na valorização intrínseca das esferas não económicas do desenvolvimento. Assumindo a centralidade da ideia de qualidade de vida e a diversidade de fatores que contribuem para os processos de desenvolvimento e de contração territorial, importa valorizar os atributos qualitativos dos lugares, bem como os fatores relacionais e afetivos do território, reconhecendo a sua relevância nas decisões locativas das pessoas.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Under which conditions do unions succeed in pushing back dualization? A configurational study of collective agreements in Portugal
Get PDFThis article explores the conditions under which unions achieve inclusive outcomes for nonstandard workers in their collective agreements. Using fsQCA, it compares 52 collective agreements signed in Portugal between 2003 and 2019. Additionally, it reports on three short case studies. Results show that the unions’ potential to mobilize resources in favour of outsiders is crucial and is due to either high union density or unions’ class-oriented ideology. However, although a high potential to mobilize resources is necessary, it is not sufficient for pro-outsider provisions in collective agreements. In a context of growing liberalization of industrial relations, unions only include these clauses in their collective agreements in one of the following circumstances: (i) the combination of high union density and sectoral growth, (ii) the combination of a class-oriented union signing the agreement and low employer density and (iii) the combination of high union density and a class-oriented union signing the agreement.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Acceleration of the particle-in-cell code Osiris with graphics processing units
Get PDFFully relativistic particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations are crucial for advancing our knowledge of plasma physics. Modern supercomputers based on graphics processing units (GPUs) offer the potential to perform PIC simulations of unprecedented scale, but require robust and feature-rich codes that can fully leverage their computational resources. In this work, this demand is addressed by adding GPU acceleration to the PIC code Osiris. An overview of the algorithm, which features a CUDA extension to the underlying Fortran architecture, is given. Detailed performance benchmarks for thermal plasmas are presented, which demonstrate excellent weak scaling on NERSC's Perlmutter supercomputer and high levels of absolute performance. The robustness of the code to model a variety of physical systems is demonstrated via simulations of Weibel filamentation and laser-wakefield acceleration run with dynamic load balancing. Finally, measurements and analysis of energy consumption are provided that indicate that the GPU algorithm is up to ∼14 times faster and ∼7 times more energy efficient than the optimized CPU algorithm on a node-to-node basis. The described development addresses the PIC simulation community's computational demands both by contributing a robust and performant GPU-accelerated PIC code and by providing insight into efficient use of GPU hardware.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
A machine learning approach for analyzing sexual satisfaction based on psychological features
Get PDFThe emergence of machine learning techniques has revolutionized various fields, helping to shed light into the complexities of human sexuality and address sexuality-related problems. The present study aimed to classify sexual satisfaction in both women (n = 503) and men (n = 342), who completed a digital survey aimed at Colombian adults based on a snowball sampling. Collected data were analyzed using several supervised learning algorithms where inputs included marital status, sociosexuality, sexual drive, sexual functioning, and personality traits. The results showed that the XGBoost model provided best classification results for sexual satisfaction in women, while the Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) had the best performance in classifying sexual satisfaction in men. In both groups, sexual functioning and sexual drive were the most significant predictors of sexual satisfaction. Traits such as extraversion, narcissism, machiavellianism, and sociosexual behavior had a lesser importance. Lastly, psychopathy emerged as a significant predictor of men's sexual satisfaction, whereas conscientiousness emerged as a significant predictor of women's satisfaction. This study provides a technological tool to classify sexual satisfaction using Machine Learning models, in addition, provide, in terms of entropy, variables with the greatest influence based on the data and predictions.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Arraigado en el pasado: Legados históricos y debates sobre políticas de memoria en la Portugal postautoritaria
Get PDFThis article examines how memory issues, particularly transitional justice bills, are debated and decided in national parliaments, focusing on the historical roots of political elites and parties. Drawing on the concept of authoritarian successor parties (Loxton, 2015), we argue that the presence or absence of these parties influences the approval of transitional justice laws. In cases where no such parties exist, as in Portugal, we analyze how political parties ideologically aligned with the previous regime —but not directly linked to it— navigate the “authoritarian stigma”. We hypothesize that these parties may support transitional justice bills, even against their preferences, to distance themselves from the authoritarian past. To explore this, we conduct a qualitative analysis of transitional justice bills debated in the Portuguese parliament since 1976, a rare context with no authoritarian successor parties and a strong authoritarian stigma arising from the democratic transition. Our findings reveal that right-wing parties, despite not being successor parties, generally avoid opposing transitional justice bills. The debates also highlight the emergence of a second type of stigma, enriching the understanding of how memory and transitional justice intersect with political legacies.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio