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Complexities In Penalizing And Sentencing Environmental Offences By Exploration And Production Corporations In The Oil And Gas Industry
No full textThis paper looks at the complexities of penalizing and sentencing environmental offences in the Alberta oil and gas industry. Much of the focus lies in the creative sentencing, which has as its purpose the deterrent effect, rather than the more punitive purpose of a monetary fine. The purpose was to enhance the knowledge of the author with respect to this complex subject
Feasibility Study Of Using Ethanol In The Fuel Market Of Quito
No full textPoor air quality in Quito has become a concern for municipality authorities, especially for the impacts produced for high carbon monoxide (Co) concentration, produced mainly by automobile vehicles. This project proposes the use of Ethanol as a gasoline additive to degrease the CO emissions.
Local ethanol production is considered due to the competitive problems of the Ecuadorian Sugar Cane Industry, which tend to intensify once the Free trade Agreement of the Americas becomes a reality. Local ethanol production based on sugar cane crops is technical and economically feasible and represents a substitute and competitive product to sugar. Moreover, local ethanol projection will contribute to improve the balance of payment because of the decrease of high octane number naphtha imports. In order to guarantee the implementation of the project a strategy is built, paying more interest in the financing part, which represents the main barrier
Methodology To Estimate Possible Tradable Avoided Emissions In The Generation Phase Of The Power Sector Under The Cdm In The Lac Region
No full textPotential For Expansion Of The Canadian Wind Energy Industry
No full textCanada has the attributes required to become a global leader in wind energy production. There are a number of forces driving the development of wind power including climate, environment, and economics. However, there are also obstacles such as public acceptance, storage, and transmission that the industry must overcome to ensure that the widespread implementation of wind energy in Canada is successful. This paper analyzes these driving forces and barriers and investigates the potential for expansion of the Canadian wind energy industry. The insights gained from this literature review are summarized into five strategic recommendations for wind energy development in Canada in the areas of economics, environment, technology, society, and policy. It is important that governments prioritize wind energy and provide incentives like feed-in-tariffs and tax breaks, to increase wind development. To account for the environmental and human health consequences of conventional fuels, a national carbon pricing mechanism is needed. This will help improve the economics of using wind power by making it more cost-competitive with cheap, polluting conventional energy sources. Increased investment into wind power technology, especially turbines, transmission infrastructure, and combined power systems (i.e. wind-hydro) will create technological improvements and increase energy efficiency. Currently, there is significant opposition to wind power in Canada, which can potentially hinder the progression of the industry. Creating bestpractice guidelines and conducting meaningful public consultation based on credible and empirical information can help to dispel many of the misperceptions about wind energy. Finally, it was determined that policy is the most important strategic area, as it is a common driver to each of the other areas and can make the biggest impact on the expansion of wind energy in Canada. A national energy policy that prioritizes wind power is an essential foundation for future development. From this, provincial and territorial energy strategies can be developed. Strong government policy support is the most important factor to Canada becoming a global leader in wind power
Evaluate The Feasibility Of Using Kitchen Food Waste Disposal Units (garburators) As A Solution
No full textThe environmental, energy and economic assessment compares how multi-families homes in Calgary (for those not home composting) using landfills as the current process to manage their food waste as oppose to the possible solution of kitchen food waste disposer units. A third scenario discussed in a future planned source- separated organic plant to centralize composting of green (food and yard) waste. The functional unit for the study is one ton of organic waste produced by the MF households in Calgary. This study unidentified that food waste disposers environmentally had a 58% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, but a 41% increase in energy consumption and a considerable economic cost to the upstream and downstream wastewater sewage infrastructure
Can Geothermal Energy Play A More Prominent Role In Mitigating Global Warming?
No full textEnergy supply that we use today causes not only global warming, but also environmental concerns such as air pollution, acid rain, and ecosystems degradation. As a result of progresses in technological performance and competitiveness, the markets for sustainable energy, more specifically geothermal energy has been expanding in the last decade. The Earth’s abundant thermal energy, which is accessible with present technology, can be used effectively for numerous geothermal applications. However, the limited government interest and support; and the high investment costs are the biggest limitations for geothermal energy development. This study will identify geothermal resources around the world and different technological options that are currently available. Important factors that can influence the development costs of the geothermal project will also be discussed. Environmental and social impacts of geothermal energy that also play an important role in the development of geothermal energy will also be analyzed. The study will be concluded by evaluating how much geothermal energy can play a more prominent role in combating global warming
The Benefits Of Building Resealing And Lighting Fixture Renovation
No full textApproaches reducing energy usage are identified for university residence buildings in this project, and applied in an analysis for a particular building, namely Olympus Hall, University of Calgary. It is proposed that building resealing and lighting fixture renovation are effective techniques to reduce energy consumption. Three dimensions are considered for each technique: actual (before) and estimated (after) energy consumption, carbon dioxide emissions, and the estimated simple payback period. The proposed resealing of Olympus Hall would result in an estimated 46.66% reduction in annual heating energy use with a payback period of 8 years and 8 months. The proposed replacement of the T12 lighting system with a T8 lighting system at Olympus Hall would produce an estimated 31.2% annual electrical energy savings with a payback period of 3 years and 7 months. Applying both approaches results in an estimated total carbon dioxide emission reduction for Olympus Hall of 39.75% annually
Urban Energy Management In Quito: A Case Study
No full textThis study aims to analyze an energy efficiency program on the demand-side for the residential sector of Quito. The study considers the importance of energy efficiency programs and international experiences, and it covers technical aspects like the load characterization, tariff aspects, and identification of the energy efficiency measures, estimated savings for lighting, refrigeration and water heaters, and benefits for residential consumers and Electric Power distributors of Quito. The study includes a legal framework and strategic management tools that could be used during the development of an energy efficiency program for the residential sector. In addition, the study develops a sequence of environmental implications including CO2 emission reductions due to electricity generation and other concerns like air pollutants emitted to the environment
