Rajesh Varma
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Ruxolitinib as a therapy choice for refractory pruritus in a patient with essential thrombocythemia with CALR mutation
No full textRefractory pruritus associated with Essential Thrombocythemia (ET) is rare. Herein, we present the first report of resistant pruritus responsive to ruxolitinib in an ET patient with a calreticulin mutation.</p
Benefits of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to patients with oral and metabolic diseases
No full textThe human body cannot produce omega-3 fatty acids and must obtain them from the diet. There are three types of omega-3 fatty acids that are needed by the human body, namely α-linolenic acid (ALA), Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA). Although studies have shown that omega-3 fatty acids cannot prevent or treat diabetes or heart diseases, they did improve the condition of insulin resistance and the level of triglycerides in the body. It is well known that being overweight leads to insulin resistance, which in turn leads to metabolic syndrome. Many animal experiments have already confirmed that long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) are beneficial in promoting insulin sensitivity. It inhibits nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NFκB), which is a key transcription factor for gene expression of inflammatory cytokines. On the other hand, studies have also pointed out that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids do not improve the function of the kidney’s endothelial cells and high blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes. </p
Ethmoidal sinus osteoma associated with Pneumocephalus
No full textThe most common causes of intracranial air are head trauma and neurosurgical procedures. Less common etiologies include infection due to gas-forming organisms, mucoceles, tumors, congenital neuroenteric cysts, and dural defects. Here, we present a case of an ethmoidal sinus osteoma associated with pneumocephalus.Osteomas of the paranasal sinuses are benign, often asymptomatic, tumors that progress very slowly. Endocranial development of an osteoma can breach the dura mata, allowing air to enter the cranium producing pneumocephalia which leads to severe neurological deficiencies. Pneumocephalia is an exceptional complication of osteoma. </p
Vascular risk factors and carotid atheromatous disease in patients over 65 years of age
No full textIntroduction: Vascular risk factors are decisive in the evolution of atherosclerotic disease and the carotid and vertebral Doppler ultrasound allows monitoring its onset and progress. The measurement of arterial wall thickening allows the early diagnosis of the disease enhancing its treatment and control of vascular risk factors. Aim: Analysing the presence of atheromatous disease in individuals aged > 65 years and understanding its correlation with vascular risk factors. Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional observational study, in individuals aged > 65 years and underwent carotid echoDoppler between January 1, 2012, and December 31, 2021. The intimal-media index was calculated, as was the presence of atheromatous plaques, their hemodynamic repercussion and vascular risk factors were recorded. Results: A sample of 5885 individuals was obtained with 41.8% female and 58.2% male. The mean age was 76.59 (± 6.69), with a range between 65 and 98 years. Arterial hypertension was the most prevalent 81.3%. There was a significant positive relationship between the intima-media index and age (p = 0.001). In the presence of plaques, male gender, arterial hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and smoking it presents a positive correlation. Conclusion: In this sample, non-modifiable vascular risk factors seem to be determinants in the presence of increased arterial wall thickness. In the presence of signs of a more advanced stage of atherosclerotic disease, modifiable vascular risk factors are decisive, corroborating the already-known importance of strict control over them for their treatment.</p
Influence of exposure to light and storage period on color changes in gari produced from bio-fortified cassava (<em>Manihot esculenta</em> Crantz) varieties
No full textLight degrades carotenoids and thus the color of bio-fortified gari during storage. This study was therefore conducted to evaluate the effect of exposure of bio-fortified gari to light during storage on its color. Gari samples obtained from the processing of fresh storage roots of three yellow root cassava varieties (TMSI011368, TMSI010593, and TMSI010539) and a white root variety (TMS30572) as check were packaged in three replicates in transparent white plastics containers (light condition) and blue plastics containers wrapped in black polythene bags (dark condition). These were stored on an open shelf in the laboratory in a 4 × 2 × 13 factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design. Immediately after processing and monthly for 12 months, the gari samples were evaluated for color using a scale of 1 (white) to 8 (pink). The result showed that yellowness of the gari from bio-fortified cassava varieties decreased over the storage period from 5.5 (TMS010539) immediately after processing to 2.5 (TMS010593, under both storage conditions) at 12 Months After Storage (MAS). The change was significantly (p < 0.05) influenced by variety, storage duration and storage condition. Gari from varieties TMSI011368 and TMSI010593 had the least (38.3%) and highest (50.2%) percentage reduction in yellowness, respectively at the end of the storage period (12 months). Across the storage period, the mean color of gari samples stored in the dark condition (3.37) was significantly higher than the mean color of gari samples exposed to light (3.22). Therefore, the proper selection of cassava variety and the use of packaging containers that screen light from bio-fortified gari during storage can best preserve its color and ensure the availability of a reasonable amount of carotenoids to consumers after long-term storage (12 months).</p
Higher levels of Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) in human seminal plasma in comparison with blood plasma and negative association with several motile sperm cells
No full textContext: Semen is a complex fluid with many functions, some of them well-known, others more obscure. Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the levels of Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) in human seminal plasma in comparison with blood plasma levels. Methods: HGF concentrations were measured in seminal plasma from 40 men utilizing commercial ELISA kits. Blood plasma from 40 healthy blood donors served as a comparison group. Results: Median seminal plasma HGF was approximately five times higher than the levels found in blood plasma (5717.5 pg/mL vs. 1124.6 pg/mL). There was a negative correlation between HGF values in seminal plasma and the number of sperm cells. Conclusion: The study shows that seminal plasma contains high levels of HGF and that HGF binds to prostasomes. Male HGF can thus reach the female reproductive tract during unprotected sexual intercourse. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the effect of this on fertility.</p
The impact of manipulation phase feeding system on the broiler performance and carcass lipid profile: A review
No full textThis article intended to include the effect of manipulation phase feeding systems on broiler performance and carcass-serum lipids. The results of many different research studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of different phase feeding. The result showed that broiler performance was not affected but fat deposition and cholesterol, total feed intake was significantly reduced by the different phase feeding programs. So, we can conclude that phase feeding is one of the methods to reduce fat deposition and cost by controlling the amount of feed intake. </p
Reclamation of wastewater polluted with antihypertensive drug residues by the biological+solar-photocatalytic sequential treatment plant
No full textThe quality of polluted wastewater processed by conventional Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs) is in some cases insufficient to reach the degree of purity required. Pharmaceuticals are frequently identified in the aquatic environment, owing to their constant release from WWTPs. Thus, in recent years, they are cataloged as pseudo-persistent pollutants having been recognized as potentially harmful to public health and environmental concern. This work has focused on the removal of 3 antihypertensive pharmaceuticals (furosemide, irbesartan, and valsartan) from aqueous waste solutions using a sequential biological-photocatalytic (TiO2/Na2S2O8) treatment under natural sunlight. Pharmaceutical residues were isolated from water by solid phase extraction (SPE) and analyzed by HPLC-QqQ-MS2. Biodegradation was greater than 65% and 70% for irbesartan and furosemide, respectively, while valsartan was highly biodegradable (> 96%). Next, photocatalytic treatment was applied and just 200 kJ m-2 was required to remove 90 % of micropollutants residues from the effluent. Therefore, the coupling of biological treatment to solar heterogeneous photocatalysis constitutes a valuable instrument to detoxify polluted wastewater.</p
Neurophysiological grading tool of ulnar nerve entrapment across the elbow
No full textUlnar nerve entrapment across the elbow (UNEAE) is the second most common entrapment of the hand after carpal tunnel syndrome. There are few grades available for UNEAE with their limitations.The aim of this research is to establish, using the best available evidence, a clinically appropriate revision of the current ulnar nerve conduction grading tool and to evaluate its effectiveness in terms of acceptability, without any invasive tests. To compare the recording from the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscles with the abductor digiti minimi (ADM) muscle to see which muscle is more sensitive and shows early changes in ulnar nerve entrapment. The revised scale is designed from a clinical physiologist’s perspective and is based on the numerical values of nerve conduction findings. It could also assist surgeons to use this as a tool for interventional prediction.The proposed revised grading system is based on more nuanced, descriptive categories, ranging from “normal, “early, “mild, “moderate, “severe,” and “complete” absence. An additional category of clinical grading is therefore proposed.Method: Data was collected based on the extensive and detailed grading system previously described by Padua. The tests were performed by a qualified clinical physiologist (neurophysiology) using a Keypoint 9033A07 machine, used in line with the departmental protocol (peripheral protocol 1, 2015). The Association of Neurophysiological Scientists (ANS) and British Society of Clinical Neurophysiology (BSCN) (2014) guidelines and minimum standards for the practice of clinical neurophysiology in the United Kingdom were followed. All data was recorded numerically to ensure methodological reliability.Result: The data was collected over the course of one year (2017). A total of 190 patients were involved in this study. A collection of 278 consecutive symptomatic hands was tested for conduction block across the elbow while recording from the first dorsal interosseous FDI muscles. Out of the 278 samples, 201 hands were graded as having normal conduction velocity: 9 hands showed early changes, 51 hands showed mild changes, 14 hands showed moderate changes, 2 hands showed severe changes, and 1 hand showed complete absence or no response from the wrist and across the elbow.Additional studies were carried out from the abductor digiti minimi (ADM) muscles for those patients who showed conduction block across the elbow while recording from the FDI muscles. Only 57 patients underwent a nerve conduction study for ADM. 77 symptomatic hands were tested for conduction block in the ADM muscle. 18 hands were graded as normal; 48 hands showed mild changes; 10 hands showed moderate changes; and 1 hand showed complete absence or no response from the wrist and across the elbow.Out of 278 hands, 266 hands were graded as having normal amplitude across the elbow while recording from FDI muscles; 7 hands showed early changes in amplitude; 1 hand showed moderate amplitude change; 4 hands showed severe amplitude changes; and 1 hand showed complete absence or no response from the wrist and across the elbow.Out of 77 hands, 73 hands showed normal amplitude across the elbow while recording from ADM muscles; 2 hands showed mild changes; 1 hand showed a moderate change; and 1 hand showed complete absence or no response from the wrist and across the elbow.Conclusion: Finding show that FDI is more sensitive in comparison to ADM to record early changes in ulnar nerve entrapment across the elbow. In addition, it shows that a drop in amplitude is not as significant when compared to a conduction block across the elbow.</p
Dasatinib-Induced Colitis: Risk of misdiagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease. A case report and review of the literature
No full textDasatinib is a potent tyrosine kinase inhibitor, in disease states associated with BCR/ABL 1, approved in 2006 for chronic myeloid leukemia treatment. This agent has been shown to exhibit broad off-target kinase inhibition and immunomodulating properties. These effects may be responsible for common adverse reactions (> 15%) which include immunosuppression, cytopenias, pleural effusion and other fluid retention, diarrhea, and other gastrointestinal side effects.Although gastrointestinal bleeding is a well-documented side effect, the presentation of colitis is an uncommon occurrence.In most cases, it is hemorrhagic colitis, nonspecific colitis, or CMV-related colitis.We report a 34-year-old male patient affected by CML in treatment with Dasatinib for approximately 1 year, who reported chronic diarrhea which progressed to suspected Dasatinib-induced colitis whose clinical, endoscopic, and histological findings overlapped those of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.</p