Rajesh Varma
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5017 research outputs found
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The multimodal treatment approaches to varicose veins: Preservation versus thermal ablation of the incompetent great saphenous vein
No full textObjective: To compare the clinical efficacy of Ambulatory Selective Varices Ablation under Local Anesthesia (ASVAL) and Endovenous Laser Ablation (EVLA) with concomitant phlebectomy in patients with the incompetent Great Saphenous Vein (GSV).Design: “Prospective Case Series study (C2-C3 patients) with 2 and 5 years follow-up.Methods: This was a prospective observational cohort study in a single center. Seventy-six patients (59 females) with GSV incompetence and C2-C3 were included in the prospective consecutive case study. The diameter of GSV at the 15-cm below the SFJ level was the main criterion to identify two groups of patients. Thirty-three patients (25 females, mean age 37.03) with the GSV diameter ≤6 mm were treated with ASVAL. Forty-three patients (34 females, mean age 46.19) with the GSV diameter >6 mm were treated by EVLA with concomitant phlebectomy. Clinical and functional outcomes measured by Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS) and clinical recurrence-free rate according to the classification of recurrent varicose veins after treatment (PREVAIT) were analyzed in 2 years follow-up. The clinical recurrence-free rate was analyzed in 5 years follow-up.Results: 2-year follow-up was detected a significant decrease in the postoperative VCSS in the ASVAL and the EVLA group (p< 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between both groups in VCCS in 2 years post-operation (p= 0.681). Frequency of recurrence did not differ between ASVAL (18.8%) and EVLA (21.4%) groups 2 years after treatment (p= 0.776) and the diameter of the GSV significantly decreased in the ASVAL group (5.48 vs 5.13, p= 0.008). The 5-year follow-up was detected recurrences in 40.0% of patients ASVAL group and 45.6% EVLA group (p = 0.668). Conclusions: Both ASVAL and EVLA effectively improve the disease severity in the groups of patients, selected according to the GSV diameter (≤ 6 mm or > 6 mm).</p
Optimization of oxidative improver’s formulation for the wheat flours with different extraction rates
No full textIn this study, the effect of oxidative improvers such as glucose oxidase (10-30 mg/kg) and ascorbic acid (50–150 mg/kg) were compared on the rheological properties of two sets of flours with different extraction rates (75% and 82%). The optimized formulation via the response surface method revealed that the oxidative improvers have a different reaction in different types of flours. In flours with a 75% extraction rate, glucose oxidase played the main role, while in the flours with an 82% extraction rate, ascorbic acid was more effective. Also, this study showed that the effects of both improvers are dose-dependent, for the 75% extraction rate of flour, the optimal dose of glucose oxidase is 23 mg/kg, and for the 82% extraction rate of flour, the optimal dosage is 90 mg/kg of ascorbic acid. Finally, the effect of the optimal formulation was investigated on the bread properties and the results were compared with the control sample.</p
Review on the epidemiology of Bovine Rotavirus and its public health significance
No full textA literature review was made to assess the epidemiology, public health importance, diagnostic and control methods of bovine rotavirus. Rotavirus is the genus name under the family Reoviridae which is characterized by segmented genome. The emergence of new serotypes of the virus is related to the segmented nature of the viral genome which allows reassortment during mixed infections. The rotavirus genome consists of 11 double-stranded RNA gene segments encoding 6 nonstructural (NSP1–6) and 6 structural (VP1–4, VP6–VP7) proteins. Rotavirus A is a zoonotic disease and in children less than five years old, human rotavirus is reported to be the most common cause of gastritis. In animals, rotavirus infection usually affects calves within four weeks of age, causing huge economic losses due to death, reduction in weight gain and treatment costs. Bovine rotaviruses are globally distributed and cattle strains have been classified into 12 G types and 11 P types and among them G6, G8 and G10, and P [1], P [5] and P [11] are commonly prevalent bovine strains. However, the presence of 14 G type and 17 P type serotypes from human have reported in different surveillance studies worldwide. Among these, combinations of G1P [8], G2P [4], G3P [8], G4P [8], G9P [8] and G12P [8] are the most common human strains which are responsible for majority of human Rotavirus diseases. The virus is primarily transmitted by fecal-oral route or by direct contact. The excreta from infected animals and humans, excreta contaminated food; water, pasture and air are the potential source of infection for both animal and human rotaviruses. Age, seasonal pattern, strain diversity, poor herd management and housing system, host nutritional and immunological factors are important risk factors associated with rotavirus disease occurrences. The widely used diagnostic methods for detection of rotavirus antibody in human and animals are Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and immune-chromatography while the presence of the rotavirus/antigen is identified by Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA). Electron Microscopy (EM), polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nucleic acid hybridization. Vaccination is the primary strategy to prevent and control of bovine and human rotavirus infections. High level of antibody in pregnant animals is achieved through live attenuated and inactivated vaccines when administered at the late stage of pregnancy. In human, the two currently used vaccines are the RV5 vaccine (USA) and the RV1 vaccine (Belgium) types. </p
Death prognosis factors of chronic heart failure in the elderly in Burkina Faso
No full textBackground: Heart failure is the main reason for hospitalization in the cardiology department of Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital. The main causes of heart failure are arterial hypertension and myocardial ischemia. Mortality is high during hospitalization and can reach 48%. The follow-up of patients after hospitalization is difficult with many lost to follow-up. The medium and long term prognosis of chronic heart failure is not known in our country.Objective: Identify death prognosis factors of heart failure in elderly subjects aged at least 60 years old. Patients and Method: We conducted a retrospective, cross-sectional study that consisted of systematic inclusion from hospitalization registers of patients of both sexes aged at least 60 years, hospitalized in the cardiology department CHU Yalgado Ouédraogo from January 1 to December 31, 2016. We assessed the type of heart failure, electrocardiographic and echocardiographic parameters, comorbidities, etiologies of heart failure as well as the intra-hospital evolution during this hospitalization until discharge. After including these patients, they were called to participate in the study (which ran from December 1 to 31, 2020) by giving informed consent. We collected follow-up data (since discharge from the first hospitalization, i.e., one consultation each month for at least 42 months) from the patients’ individual follow-up diaries (rehospitalization, improvement, therapeutic compliance). We then performed a complete clinical examination, an electrocardiogram, a cardiac echography, and a biological workup including blood count, creatinine level, liver function tests, blood glucose and blood ionogram.Results: We included 87 elderly subjects representing 53.05% of all patients received for chronic heart failure in the cardiology department in 2016.The mean age was 71.49 ± 8.46 years and the sex ratio was 2. High blood pressure was the main cardiovascular risk factor in 62.07% of cases. In-hospital mortality was 20.69%, and factors associated with it included male sex (OR= 11.60 p < 0.01), renal dysfunction on admission (OR= 1.30 p= 0.03), and cardiogenic shock developed during hospitalization (OR= 10.30 p < 0.01). Mortality at approximately 4 years was 67.47% with a mean time to death of 13.60 months. No independent factor was found to predict death after discharge. Conclusion: The prognosis of heart failure in the elderly is poor in our context. The in-hospital death prognosis facteur are renal dysfunction, cardiogenic shock, An early and adapted management of this age group will improve survival. </p
Glass Delamination in sterile formulations and Drug Recalls: A Review
No full textInjectable formulations are constantly facing continuing challenges of glass compatibility. To assure glass compatibility of the injectable formulation in the area of current interest. Most of the common and serious challenges of glass compatibility are glass delamination. Glass delamination is basically the degradation of the glass and formation of the flakes as a result of the incompatibility with the product stored. The other factors which contribute to glass delamination are the Type of glass container used, Storage condition, and Pharmaceutical Processings like terminal sterilization. Glass delamination should be taken very seriously as it is when present in the formulations it is directly related to the health of the patient. This review describes the Factors responsible for the glass delamination and its effect on patient health and the quality control analysis techniques of the same.</p
Some epidemiological aspects of Myxosporean infections in Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Hemichromis fasciatus (Peters, 1857), two cultured Cichlid fishes in the West - Cameroon
No full textIn order to assess epidemiological aspects of myxosporean infection in cultured Oreochromis niloticus and Hemichromis fasciatus fishes in Cameroon to develop efficient prevention and control program, a total of 320 Cichlid fishes (189 Oreochromis niloticus and 131 Hemichromis fasciatus) were collected from June 2019 to April 2020 in the ponds located at the Ngoundoup Village, Koutaba Subdivision, Noun Division, Region of West-Cameroon. They were examined both macroscopically and microscopically for myxosporean infections. The prevalence of infection was determined as a function of fish species, sex, size, target organs, and seasons. Results showed that kidneys and ovaries were the only infected organs and harbored nine and three myxosporean species of the genus Myxobolus respectively. A total of 154 fish were infected (54.38%). Irrespective of the parasite species, Oreochromis niloticus (75.13%) was significantly more infected than Hemichromis fasciatus (24.27%). The prevalence of parasites was very low (<25%) whatever the fish species. The sex and fish size did not significantly influence the prevalence of parasite species. The prevalence of Myxobolus tilapiae was negatively and significantly correlated (r= -0.20; p= 0.02) with Oreochromis niloticus size. The overall prevalence was significantly higher during the dry season (88.76%) than during the rainy (75.31%) and the transitional (20.29%) seasons. Oreochromis niloticus was not infected during the transitional season while Hemichromis fasciatus was more infected (p<0.001) during the dry season (26.84%) followed by the rainy (15.80%) and the transitional (10.32%) seasons. The high prevalence of myxosporeans infection may decrease the fish farming yield. The epidemiological data recorded help develop prevention and control strategies to boost the production of Oreochromis niloticus and Hemichromis fasciatus in Cameroon.</p
The period of manifestation of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents living on the territory of ZATO (Closed administrative-territorial entity)
No full textType 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children and adolescents remains one of the urgent problems of pediatric endocrinology. There is a constant increase in disease rates, both worldwide and Russia. The occurrence of pathology in childhood leads to a decrease in the quality of life of patients and their parents, the early development of chronic complications and disability, which makes type 1 diabetes a social problem in society. Despite numerous scientific works devoted to the study of the factors of manifestation of the disease, the causes of the occurrence are still unclear and ambiguous. The purpose of the study: is to identify and study possible clinical and laboratory features of the onset of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents permanently residing in the territory of closed administrative-territorial entities (ZATO). Materials and methods: a continuous cohort retrospective study of children with type 1 DM was conducted for the period from 2009-2019, permanently residing in the ZATO territory to obtain data related to the period of manifestation of the disease. The study group included 55 children from 0 - 18 years of age suffering from type 1 diabetes. Results: Data on the anamnesis of life and disease, and indicators of clinical and laboratory studies (fasting glycemia, postprandial glycemia, average daily glycemia, average amplitude of glycemia fluctuations and glycated hemoglobin) at the time of disease manifestation are presented. A comparative analysis was carried out with the indicators of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, Russia, the obtained features were described.</p
Investigating the impact of selfcare stress reduction strategies on cortisol levels
No full textIt has been shown that behavioral therapy has effects on stress and also cortisol levels. This study investigated the impact of self-care stress reduction strategies on the cortisol levels of 59 urine samples. Stress behavior was evaluated by using written responses (questionnaire). Results indicated that transcendental meditation was statistically associated with the lowering of cortisol levels. Meditation can relax the mind, leading to a reduction in stress. From this study, stress and cortisol levels do have a direct correlation with one another. The data from this small pilot study raise the question of its utility as a stress marker in cardiac rehabilitation.</p
Quantitative nuclear cardiology and assessment of areas under risk via adenosine stress protocol-A pictorial assay for cardiologists and cardiovascular surgeons during era of COVID
No full textCoronary Artery Disease (CAD) is one of the most important causes of mortality and morbidity in the world. Nevertheless, Myocardial Perfusion Scintigraphy (MPS) using Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) with radiopharmaceuticals is still widely used for the non-invasive diagnosis of obstructive CAD and functional imaging of the myocardium at stress.MPS provides comprehensi</p
Retrieval of broken balloon from left anterior descending artery during percutaneous coronary intervention
No full textA 64-year-old male patient presented to the Emergency Room (ER) of our hospital with complaints of precordial pain associated with profuse sweating for the past 8 hours. </p