Rajesh Varma
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Challenges in diagnosing Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia (TRS) with Frontal Lobe Atrophy from MRI Imaging: Case Study
No full textThe diagnostic criteria for the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia were revised recently. Distinguishing both disorders apart as brain imaging studies in patients with schizophrenia also demonstrate changes in the frontal and temporal lobes which can help in the diagnostic process. This paper highlights the challenges in diagnosing Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia (TRS) with a differential diagnosis of Fronto-Temporal Dementia (FTD) from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) imaging. From the diagnosis of the case study, it can be summarized that frontotemporal atrophy is often associated with FTD but it may also occur in a patient suffering from schizophrenia. This provides a challenge for medical practitioners to distinguish between FTD and schizophrenia as disinhibition and executive dysfunction may prominent in schizophrenia with (Frontotemporal Atrophy) FTA.</p
Refractory hematuria post actinic cystitis. Role of potassium alumen as treatment - Case Report
No full textActinic cystitis hematuria is a frequent complication after pelvic radiotherapy, present in approximately 5% of patients exposed to this therapy. The management of these cases seems to be a challenge for today’s urologists. In this article, we present the case of a 73- year-old man diagnosed with actinic cystitis after pelvic radiotherapy and admitted to our service with a clinical picture of refractory macroscopic hematuria. During admission, the patient underwent multiple procedures and blood transfusions, without success in controlling hematuria. After a review of the literature, we chose to use Potassium Alum in the patient’s treatment. Under general anesthesia, we performed a cystoscopy with the evacuation of clots and subsequently infused a 1% solution of potassium alum into the bladder at a rate of 200 ml/h for 25 hours. Less than 24 hours after Alum infusion, there were no more clinical signs of hematuria, which remained until hospital discharge. After 6 months of treatment, the patient did not present another episode of hematuria.</p
Do dental screening and treatments prior to heart valve interventions help prevent prosthetic valve endocarditis? A systematic review
No full textRoutine screening for infectious dental foci prior to elective heart valve replacement may help prevent postoperative Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis (PVE), a potentially fatal complication. This systematic review assesses the effect of routine screening for infectious dental foci on the incidence of postoperative PVE. The Cochrane Library, PubMed and EMBASE databases were all searched for relevant primary studies. The GRADE system was used to rate the studies. Three primary studies with a very low level of evidence were included in the review. No significant difference was found between the incidence of PVE in groups with or without routine screening for infectious dental foci prior to heart valve replacement. The results of this review do not support or disprove the need for preoperative screening for infectious dental foci to prevent PVE in patients undergoing heart valve replacement. Further research is necessary. </p
Controlled release of 5-Fluorouracil by a novel L-Lysine based polyesterurethane material synthesized from Epoxide and CO2 via a novel dicopper salen catalyst
No full textControlled release of anticancer drug 5-Fluorouracil by several delivery systems are known including porous polymeric materials. Herein we report a novel L-lysine based porous polyesterurethane material 1 which acts as a controlled release vehicle for 5-Fluorouracil. Polyesterurethane material 1 was synthesized from a green isocyanate and phosgene free synthetic route involving conversion of epoxide 2-(phenoxymethyl)oxirane and CO2 to cyclic carbonate 2 followed by ring opening with an amino acid L-Lysine to a bishydroxy compound 3 under green aqueous reaction condition. The bishydroxy compound 3 was subsequently reacted with 0.66 equivalent of trimesyl chloride in presence of triethyl amine to get the polyesterurethane material 1. The polyesterurethane material 1 was characterized via NMR, IR and MALDI analysis. From the SEM image of the polyesterurethane 1 and 5-Fluorouracil encapsulated polyesterurethane 1 it is evident that material 1 remain with porous topology which is filled by 5-Fluorouracil that is further evidenced by EDX spectroscopy with the presence of Fluorine. The controlled release of 5-Fluorouracil from the drug encapsulated 1 was monitored via UV visible spectroscopy at pH 7.4.</p
The SIMUS method addresses two important MCDM drawbacks: Getting different results for the same problem, and the inability to model complex scenarios
No full textThis paper considers that actual methods for addressing MODM or MCDM scenarios share two shortcomings along these lines: a) Failing to show equal results when different MCDM methods solve the same problem. b) Inability to replicate actual scenarios, by not taking into account existing conditions, and thus, producing an approximate representation of reality, which obviously, renders not reliable results. This paper shows how the SIMUS method addresses these two shortcomings.</p
Promoting entrepreneurship in science education: Insights into curricular goals
No full textThis study aims to examine whether elementary science curricula can be combined with the teaching of entrepreneurship, based on the approach of Lackéus, which is considered an important point of focus for present-day education systems. Entrepreneurship is not commonly handled as an autonomous subject. According to relevant approaches, teaching entrepreneurship relies on certain competencies, knowledge, skills, and attitudes. This research aims to identify whether science curricula include these competencies and can assist in developing entrepreneurial qualities. The data for the research was derived from the science curricula of 16 different countries or regions. Findings showed that there are entrepreneurial competencies in the curricula examined.</p
Chondrosarcoma of the right iliopubic branch incidentally discovered: About a case
No full textChondrosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor after myeloma and osteosarcoma, ranking third. It may be in second place in terms of frequency after osteosarcoma if we consider myeloma as a tumor of bone marrow cells rather than a bone tumor because it is a hematopoietic derivation [1].</p
The efficacy of SARS-CoV-2 antibody response after two dose mRNA vaccination in kidney and heart transplant recipients using a multiplex bead-based assay: Evaluating the factors affecting vaccine response
No full textBackground: The extent that which immunosuppressive factors contribute to the antibody response to SARS-Cov-2 vaccination in solid organ transplant patients is being better understood. This study examined antibody formation against the spike SARS-CoV-2 protein (SA) when full vaccinations were up to 2 doses and boosters were not recommended. Immunosuppressive factors that affected the vaccine responsiveness in a cohort of 100 kidney and 50 heart transplant patients were evaluated. This study utilized a novel assay to detect antibodies against 4 different domains of the spike protein and the nucleocapsid protein (NC) of the SARS-CoV-2 virus on a multiplex, bead-based platform. Positive SARS-COV-2 antibodies (SA) response required identification of the receptor-binding domain and one of the three other spike protein domains. Prior SARS-CoV-2 infection could be determined by the presence of positive NC. Results: 150 patients were enrolled in the study (100 kidneys; 50 heart recipients). This study was performed when the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommended only two doses of Pfizer/BioNTech [BNT162b2] and Moderna [mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2] vaccine or 1 dose of Johnson & Johnson/Janssen [Ad26.COV2.S] vaccines for full SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in transplant recipients. Patients that reported a positive COVID-19 swab or had positive NC were excluded from the review because the prior infection may impact vaccine response (n = 134). Conclusions: SA were identified in 48/134 patients (36%); 25/46 heart (54%) and 23/88 kidney transplant patients (26%) (P = 0.0012). For the patients on prednisone therapy 25/93 responded with SA (27%) while for patients not on prednisone therapy, 23/41 responded with SA (56%) (P = 0.0012). The dose of steroids (5mg a day or greater) at the time of vaccination did not adversely affect vaccine efficacy (p = 0.054). Of the patients using antimetabolite therapy, 36/113 responded with SA (32%) while 12/21 patients not on antimetabolites responded with SA (57%) (P = .027). Time since transplant was not found to affect the rate of SA production when populations were separated by type of organ transplanted. T-cell depletion induction method, calcineurin inhibitor use, and type of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine were not found to be statistically significant.</p
Screening and selection of Brachiaria brizantha accessions for forage values under irrigation at Wondo Genet, Sidama, Ethiopia
No full textThe experiment was conducted to evaluate different Brachiaria brizantha accessions at the Wondo genet agricultural research center to identify species/accessions so as to use the better performing ecotype for wider distribution among livestock producer communities in the country. Seven Brachiaria grass accessions (B. brizantha, 13151; B. brizantha, 13368; B. brizantha, 13653; B. brizantha, 16550; B. humidicola, 9222; B. brizantha, 13379 and B. mutica,) were used as treatments in randomized complete block design with three replications. The overall dry matter yield for B. humidicola, 9222 (5.95t/ha), and B. mutica, (5.61t/ha) accessions didn’t show a significant difference (p > 0.05) but significantly (p < 0.05) lower than all other accessions. Mean plant heights for the accessions were significantly different (p < 0.05) throughout the harvesting cycle period and overall yield with a lower plant height of B. mutica (63.2 cm) while non-significant (p > 0.05) overall mean height was recorded among other accessions. B. brizantha, 13151; B. brizantha, 13368; B. brizantha, 13653; B. brizantha, 16550 and B. brizantha, 13379 accessions outperformed in terms of overall dry matter yield. Further studies on agronomic performances of promising B. brizantha accessions under on-farm conditions and nutritional evaluation involving live-animal experiments are recommended.</p
Why is it necessary to declare the Strait of Gibraltar an environmental control area?
No full textAir pollution remains one of the most sensitive and harmful environmental concerns. According to a recent report 1 published by the World Health Organisation (WHO) [1] and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), in 2012, ambient air pollution was still responsible for about 500 000 premature deaths in Europe.</p