Rajesh Varma
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The reminders for dental clinics in the COVID-19 post-pandemic era
No full textIntroduction: The impacts of COVID-19 are enormous and global-wide. Especially, medical treatment activities have been canceled or postponed to avoid the risk of contracting the virus. To prevent the transmission of the COVID-19, methods including early screening, isolation, mass mask use, etc. were applied during the pandemic. Due to the high percentages of vaccination and public policies, the transmission of COVID-19 is under-control. Main text: For dental care settings, researchers have proposed guidelines for the highest-risk group of healthcare professionals to mitigate the possibility of COVID-19 transmission. Nowadays, patients are flowing to reschedule dental appointments which have been canceled or postponed during the pandemic because of the proper control of COVID-19 transmission. Some dental clinics take certain steps to ensure the safety of patients as well as the treatment team. Conclusion: Some reminders are offered to the dental administrator to keep vigilant while providing quality service for the needed patients.</p
Involvement of trigeminal neuralgia in type 2 diabetes
No full textThe aim of this paper is to describe orofacial neuralgic pain related to diabetes mellitus pathology with a clinical report of a female patient who suffered from diabetic polyneuropathy. A 61-year-old female patient was treated neurologically and dentally due to suspicions of Trigeminal Neuralgia (TN) and disorders of the temporomandibular joint. Recent symptoms were burning and heat, electric shock sensation related to the right side of the face and particularly the second right premolar tooth. The patient had received regular insulin therapy (type 2 diabetes mellitus) for the last 10 years and was diagnosed with diabetic polyneuropathy with a higher value of glycosylated hemoglobin HbA1c (59 mmol/mol). The psychological evaluation showed an elevated anxiety level according to Spielberger’s State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. The most common neurogenic complication of type 2 DM is diabetic polyneuropathy. The functional status of the trigeminal reflex pathways was reflected through the blink reflex. There were a few existing reports of the relationship between diabetes mellitus and TN- related orofacial pain, which is discussed in this paper.</p
Drag force through gases and plasma
No full textThe drag force in a gas (previously derived by Stokes and Rayleigh) is derived by means of the molecular kinetics (transport equation of the momentum). Two regimes of resistance to motion are identified, governed by the relation of the velocity to the thermal (molecular) velocity. They correspond to the molecular movement, for small velocities, or to the hydrodynamic motion for high velocities. In the former case sound waves are not excited, and energy is dissipated by viscosity (friction), while in the latter case the energy is dissipated by the excitation of the sound waves. Also, the treatment is applied to the plasma. It is shown that in usual plasmas it is unlikely that the body motion excites plasmons. </p
Children explore to understand the physical world Research and practice in Early Childhood Education
No full textAll children are inquisitive and begin to make sense of the physical and natural world around them from the time they are born. Children use their senses to explore the surrounding environment. Early Childhood Centres (ECE) in New Zealand provide care and learning opportunities for children under the age of 5-years. Te Whāriki, our mandated curriculum guides teachers. In an exploratory case study, we investigated the science learning experiences provided by an ECE teacher and the children’s learning that ensued. The data were collected through case study teacher interviews, mentor notes, and 160 learning stories written by the teacher during the research over two years. We found that a teacher with little background in science was able to provide rich science learning experiences for the children. The teacher’s willingness to provide everyday science exploration opportunities and ask questions helped children to develop basic physics concepts. Current research suggests that science is often not taught due to the lack of teacher confidence to teach science because they are generalists and believe they do not have the requisite knowledge or training. Our findings have implications for science teaching and learning in early childhood and primary schools.</p
Research of superluminal phenomena revealed the essence and limitation of the relativity
No full textSuperluminal phenomena have been viewed as a contradiction to the Special Relativity, the in-variance principle of light velocity. This paper proposed the theory of the two kinds of epistemology and world, to explain the contradiction between the Special Relativity (SR) and Superluminal phenomena. It also discussed the influence of superluminal research on other science and technology, such as information science and superluminal communications.</p
Dualistic relativity: Unification of Einstein’s Special Relativity and de Broglie’s Matter–Wave Theory
No full textIn Hawking’s view physics has been broken up into many partial theories, while the ultimate goal of physicists is to unify them. The two basic theories of 20th-century physics, relativity theory and quantum theory, are based on completely different logical prerequisites and exactly separate: matter is described as particles in relativity theory and as waves in quantum mechanics. Here, based on the identical logical prerequisites, we unify Einstein’s special relativity (SR) and de Broglie’s matter-wave theory (MWT) into the theory of dualistic relativity (DR), taking a significant step toward the unification of relativity and quantum mechanics. From the definition of time, we derive the Lorentz transformation in differential form and establish the theory of DR, which generalizes the wave-particle duality of matter motion, and uniformly derives Einstein’s formula E=mc2, Planck’s equation E=hf, and de Broglie’s relation λ=h/p. From the logical prerequisite completely different from Einstein’s hypothesis of the invariance of light speed and along the logical path completely different from Einstein’s SR, we have deduced the whole theoretical system of Einstein’s SR and de Broglie’s MWT. In the theory of DR, the two great formulae originally separated, Einstein’s formula E=mc2 and Planck’s equation E=hf, become a pair of twin formulae unified in an identical theoretical system.</p
The use of lntramolecular carbon isotope distributions (13c/12c) of biomolecules to study temporal organization of post-photosynthetic metabolism in a plant cell
No full textIt was found that the pyruvate decarboxylation reaction (PDR) plays a key role in post-photosynthetic metabolism, and PDR products are structural units involved in the synthesis of almost all its metabolites [1,2]. Carbon atoms of PDR products (marker atoms) make up the carbon skeletons of metabolites. Here we show that analysis of isotope fractionation in PDR makes it possible to estimate the isotopic composition of each marker atom and its dependence on two factors: 1) on the kinetic isotopic effect of C – C bond cleavage and 2) on the isotopic effect when the pyruvate pool is depleted (Raleigh isotope effect). It is also shown that marker atoms can be divided into three groups. The first group includes atoms of methyl groups of acetate (C2-) fragments and atoms of pyruvate (C3 fragments) subjected to decarboxylation. Their carbon isotope composition does not change during decarboxylation and can serve as an internal standard. The second group includes the carbon atom of CO2 and the acyl-carbon atom of С2 – fragments. According to the kinetic isotope effect theory, they may be either enriched in 12C. relative to the atoms of the first group, when pyruvate pool depletion is less than 50% or enriched in 13C when pyruvate pool depletion is more than 50%. The third group includes the acyl and adjacent carboxyl atoms of the residual pyruvate, located at the ends of the cleaved C - C bond. These atoms are always enriched in 13C as compared with the atoms of the first and second groups at the same extent of pyruvate pool depletion. The comparison of the theoretically expected distribution of marker atoms and the experimentally measured isotope distribution of carbon atoms in the metabolites allows for studying the structural and temporal organization of post-photosynthetic metabolism.</p
Development online models for automatic speech recognition systems with a low data level
No full textSpeech recognition is a rapidly growing field in machine learning. Conventional automatic speech recognition systems were built based on independent components, that is an acoustic model, a language model and a vocabulary, which were tuned and trained separately. The acoustic model is used to predict the context-dependent states of phonemes, and the language model and lexicon determine the most possible sequences of spoken phrases. The development of deep learning technologies has contributed to the improvement of other scientific areas, which includes speech recognition. Today, the most popular speech recognition systems are systems based on an end-to-end (E2E) structure, which trains the components of a traditional model simultaneously without isolating individual elements, representing the system as a single neural network. The E2E structure represents the system as one whole element, in contrast to the traditional one, which has several independent elements. The E2E system provides a direct mapping of acoustic signals in a sequence of labels without intermediate states, without the need for post-processing at the output, which makes it easy to implement. Today, the popular models are those that directly output the sequence of words based on the input sound in real-time, which are online end-to-end models. This article provides a detailed overview of popular online-based models for E2E systems such as RNN-T, Neural Transducer (NT) and Monotonic Chunkwise Attention (MoChA). It should be emphasized that online models for Kazakh speech recognition have not been developed at the moment. For low-resource languages, like the Kazakh language, the above models have not been studied. Thus, systems based on these models have been trained to recognize Kazakh speech. The results obtained showed that all three models work well for recognizing Kazakh speech without the use of external additions.</p
Himotoki as a decision-making empowerment tool to live well with dementia
No full textShared decision-making is indispensable among people with dementia, their families, and healthcare professionals to ensure that people with dementia live well. Since living with dementia involves the process of losing one’s independence and requiring support from others in all aspects of life, everyday life becomes a series of shared decision-making and collaborative efforts. Dementia care includes the process of rebuilding relationships through shared decision-making and collaboration. In particular, it is of paramount importance to make decisions on how to live well with dementia. Owing to a decline in independence, it may become difficult for people with dementia to live well or achieve happiness on their own. Hence, they are expected to cooperate with people close to them, including family members, to lead happy and fulfilling lives. While making a shared decision, conversations with a person with dementia may result in miscommunication due to a decline in their ability to communicate. If it is difficult to understand certain words or actions of the person with dementia, rather than dismissing them as incomprehensible, caregivers are recommended to analyze the factors underlying those words and actions (background factors), such as the person’s current cognitive state and functioning, human and physical environments, and relationships with other people. </p
The impact of stock market capitalisation, international investment, clean energy on CO2 emissions: New insight from listed domestic companies in Belgium
No full textThe paper fundamentally explores the impact of Belgium’s stock market capitalization, international investment, clean energy on CO2 emissions from 1990-to 2018. More pertinently, our study analogizes the diverse impact of Belgium’s stock market capitalization, international investment, clean energy, and environmental quality. Through cointegration analysis, stock market capitalization, international investment, clean energy, and environmental quality have long-run links. Granger causality test indicates that International investment has a unidirectional relationship with environmental quality; clean energy has a bi-directional relationship with environmental quality. Via the static and dynamic regression, we found that stock market development has the most significant impact on carbon dioxide emissions in static and dynamic regression. Renewable energy has a positive impact on the carbon dioxide emissions per static, and dynamic regression and economic growth harm environmental quality in Belgium. The impulse response function results show that the Stock market and international investment positively respond to environmental quality. Our empirical findings provide policies to advocate improving environmental quality in Belgium.</p