Rajesh Varma
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Spondyloepipheseal dysplasia tarda
No full textSkeletal disorders are common entities that we encounter in our daily practice. Their early diagnosis is key to proper management and genetic counselling. Spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia is one such disorder. It is a genetic bone deformity that affects the spine, proximal epiphysis and pelvis. The disease is either manifested at birth or during adolescence therefore given the terms SED congenita or SED tarda. Patients with SED present with variable features including short height, short neck, club foot, cleft palate, kyphoscoliosis or lordotic abnormalities. We also present a case of an 11-year-old boy who presented to us with complaints of stunted growth and abnormal posture and underwent radiological imaging.</p
Antimicrobial activities of untreated and grape vinegar treated selected vegetables against common food borne pathogens
No full textIn the post-Covid-19 era, plant-based diets and products have become more popular. Fruit vinegar is considered a healthy drink, rich in bioactive compounds like organic acids, polyphenols, flavonoids and alkaloids that provide several beneficial properties. Fruit vinegar also contains several beneficial nutrients like amino acids, sugars, vitamins and minerals. They provide energy, regulate cell metabolism, immunity, antioxidation, anticoagulation and help in the improvement of brain development. Vinegar is also known for its strong antimicrobial properties against foodborne pathogens. The aim of the present investigation was to find out the antimicrobial activities of grape vinegar against common food-borne pathogens and to see whether common vegetable lose their antimicrobial activities when soaked with grape vinegar or gain. The vegetables used in the present investigation were randomly collected from the local market. We have evaluated the antimicrobial properties of untreated and grape vinegar (GV) treated selected vegetables against Escherichia coli (ATCC8739), Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6539), Shigella flexneri (ATCC 12022), Salmonella typhi (ATCC 14028), Cronobacter sakazakii (ATCC 29544), Vibrio parahaemolyticus (ATCC 17802), Vibrio cholera (ATCC 3906) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Based on the randomized survey, commonly used vegetable ginger (Zingiber officinale), garlic (Allium sativum), onion (Allium cepa), raw papaya (Carica papaya), white radish (Raphanus sativus) and green chilli (Capsicum annuum) were selected for the assessment of their antimicrobial activities. Different phytochemicals were found in water extract and grape vinegar-treated vegetables. Our results suggested that in general, grape vinegar-treated vegetables showed higher antimicrobial activities against all tested food-borne pathogens, but onion, garlic, green chillies and white radish revealed drastically higher activities. Hence, it is suggested that onion, garlic, green chillies and white radish should preferably be used after soaking with grape vinegar. All vegetables except garlic and white radish showed very little antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis. V. cholera was highly sensitive to grape vinegar-treated vegetables except for garlic. Similarly, V. parahaemolyticus was highly sensitive to grape vinegar-treated green chillies, white radish, raw papaya, and onion. Shigella flexneri also showed greater sensitivity to GV-treated green chillies and white radishes. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was sensitive to ginger and green chillies only. It may safely be concluded that grape vinegar-treated vegetables are beneficial to fight against food-borne infections. The vegetable when soaked with grape vinegar did not lose their antimicrobial activities rather they gained the antimicrobial components from grape vinegar. Our studies revealed that white radish, ginger, green chilies, and onion should be used after soaking in grape vinegar while garlic and raw papaya should be eaten without treatment with grape vinegar. </p
Study the effect of different shapes of plume rise on Gaussian plume models and its maximum in unstable conditions
No full textExposure to radioactive pollutants such as Iodine-135 I135 seriously threatens public health and environmental balance. Monitoring and managing these pollutants require expensive economic equipment that is not suitable for low-income countries such as Egypt. Therefore, trying to derive a mathematical model that estimates the concentrations of these radioactive pollutants with high accuracy and a low relative error coefficient compared to the actually measured values is very important. Therefore a mathematical Gaussian model was received to estimate the concentrations of I135 emitted from the research nuclear reactor in the Inshas region in Egypt using different shapes of plume rise in unstable conditions.A comparison between the derived model and its maximum values with observed concentrations data measuring on Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority for I135 in unstable conditions has been found. The derived model may be applied to estimate and predict the emissions of any radioactive pollutant for any similar area and similar type of used reactor, which provides high-precision technology with zero economic cost.The statistical technique shows that the entire Gaussian model and its maximum inside a factor of two with observed concentration data achieved 98%. In addition, the statistics show that all the Gaussian plume models and their maximum have a correlation coefficient of about 0.95%. Also, the normalized mean square error. And the fraction bias. are near-zero values in all Gaussian models and their maximum. </p
Nucleo CMP Forte™ for the treatment and rehabilitation of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome
No full textIntroduction: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) is the most common and best well-known cause of peripheral nerve compression. To date, none of the studies have determined the optimal combination of pyrimidine nucleotides and electrical stimulation (ES) in CTS patients. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a novel product containing uridine and cytidine monophosphate (Nucleo CMP Forte™) in combination with ES for the treatment of CTS.Methods: This open-label, randomized, controlled study involved 60 patients with CTS at the Azerbaijan Medical University (Baku, Azerbaijan) and Research Institute of Medical Rehabilitation between 2017 and 2021 years. Patients were randomized to receive the exploratory treatment (Nucleo CMP Forte™ and ES) or single ES treatment for ten days. The combination treatment included two stages: Nucleo CMP Forte™ and ES for ten days (stage one), and Nucleo CMP Forte™ as monotherapy (stage two) for ten days.Results: In the exploratory group, the complete restoration of pain sensitivity was achieved by 17.1% of patients and the narrowing of the existing zone of hypesthesia by 74.3%. Positive Tinel test was revealed in 52.4% of patients after the first and 76.2% after the second stage in the exploratory group, versus 43.8% in the control group. Mean values in the Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire significantly decreased in both groups.Conclusion: Nucleo CMP Forte™ in combination with ES contributes to a more pronounced regression of patients' complaints, clinical manifestations, severity, and neurophysiological indicators in mild-to-moderate CTS.</p
A new method for rapid screening of seed vigority of cereals
No full textSeed deterioration is one of the major problems in agricultural production in arid and semi-arid regions. Seed deterioration reduces seed vigor and seedling establishment in the field. To introduce methods with sufficient sensitivity to more accurately determine the degree of grain deterioration, various methods have been developed under the conventional name of "vigor tests". This study aims to provide a rapid method for assessing seed vigor using the electrical conductivity test. The germination test and emergence test were performed in a completely randomized design with three replications. Treatments included the Tritipyrom line at 13 levels and seed deterioration at two levels. Germination percentage, emergence percentage, and electrical conductivity were significantly affected by seed deterioration. The highest electrical conductivity and the lowest electrical conductivity were respectively related to the lines of (Ka/b)(cr/b)F2 and (St/b)(Cr/b)F4. Although the lines are not significantly different in terms of germination and emergence percentage. Electrolyte leakage in aged seeds increased sharply in the first hours and then had a diminishing, after which it stopped and followed the logarithmic model, But the lines were different in terms of the slope of the first part of the graph (which was exponential).with its help, we can classify the lines or variety in terms of the amount of cell leakage, which indicates the amount of cell permeability. The highest (37.03) and lowest (29.01) slopes in the exponential part of the graph were related to the numbers (Ka/b)(cr/b)F2 and(St/b)(Cr/b)F4 line respectively. Therefore, by using a simple and quick four-hour electrical conductivity test, cultivars can be classified in terms of storage potential and early vigor.</p
Updates in management of abdominal sepsis
No full textSepsis is an organ dysfunction caused by a disproportionate host response to infection. The condition is responsible for 1 in every 3 admissions to an intensive care unit (ICU) and about 6 million deaths worldwide. As a result of the imbalance in the inflammatory response, immune dysfunction, mitochondrial damage and other pathophysiological processes, sepsis progresses extremely. This research aimed to search the literature for updates inherent to the therapeutic approach of patients with diseases secondary to intra-abdominal sepsis. The present work is a narrative review with a bibliographical survey carried out in the PUBMED and Virtual Health Library (VHL) research bases, through the search strategy using the following descriptors, in both virtual libraries: “sepsis OR surviving sepsis” AND “intra abdominal infection” AND “therapeutic”. At the end of reading the articles in full, ten papers were selected, from which it was observed that new recommendations regarding volume operative source control, and use of additional therapies therapy. The open abdomen technique is being further explored, as well as more in-depth studies on new drugs for this condition, such as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, and the use of glucocorticoids became contraindicated, due to low scientific evidence. Therefore, it is concluded that, as it is a medical emergency with high mortality, it is relevant to develop scientific research aimed at the effectiveness, feasibility and safety of new forms of management.</p
Numerical analysis of forming the tri-layer non-homogeneous bellows via the hydroforming process
No full textDue to the complex and structural characteristics of non-homogeneous layers in hydroforming, their forming is a challenging process. In this research, the manufacturing process of three-layered bellows made of 304 stainless steel (two outer layers) and Inconel 718 (inner layer) is numerically investigated. The effects of different parameters on the forming of bellows are studied. To study the effect of friction between layers, two models are used; a model with friction between layers and a model with tied layers. It is observed that the amount of displacement in the model with a tie connection is more. The maximum values of stresses are detected in the inner region after the second stage of forming, i.e. folding. These values reduce after the spring-back step.</p
Some aspects of physiological studies of two reef building corals in the red sea
No full textSome aspects of the physiology of the corals Seriatopora hystrix and Lobophyllia corymbosa described in this paper. At the study site, the lowest mean of seawater temperature is 27.42 °C and 27.17 °C at 5m and 10m depths respectively during winter, while the maximum mean of seawater temperature was 32.67 °C and 31.17 °C in 5 m and 10 m depths respectively during summer. L. corymbosa, had a lower number of zooxanthellae 0.05×105 , 0.43×105 , 0.06×105 and 0.46×105 mg-1 dry tissue weight than S. hystrix 0.19 ×105 , 5.1 ×105 , 0.27×105 and 9.59×105 mg-1 dry tissue weight in two season and two depths respectively. The mean respiration rate of whole colonies of S. hystrix was higher than that of L. corymbosa at the same depths both in summer and winter. The mean dark respiration rate decreases with increasing depths. The mean photosynthesis vs irradiance curves of S. hystrix and L. corymbosa were plotted to the hyperbolic tangent function (Chalker,1981) for summer and winter season. The growth rate was linear during each period of measurement during summer, the highest mean daily skeletal growth rate of S. hystrix was 2.3 ± 1.3 (20) mg.skel.d-1 in 10m depth and it was 1.6 ± 0.5 (21) mg .skel.d-1 at 5m depth. Whilst during winter, the lowest was 1.9 ± 0.96 (20) mg .skel. d-1 at 10m and also lowest (1.5 ± 0.7 (20) mg .skel. d-1) at 5m depth. The growth rate of the two species was lower in the winter than in summer. </p
Agronomic and yield performances of cucumber [Cucumis sativus] on soil amended with different rates of cattle manure in derived savannah Agroecological zone of Ondo state, Nigeria
No full textMost soils have experience nutrient depletion as a result of long-term farming, making good yields only possible with the application of fertilizers. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used to create a total of fifteen (15) plots in the study, which was conducted at the Rufus Giwa Polytechnic's Teaching Research and Commercial Farms in Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria. The study examined the impact of various rates of cattle manure on cucumber. The results revealed that the performance of cucumbers was significantly impacted by an increase in the rate of cattle manure, with 15 tha-1 of cattle manure producing the best results in terms of growth and yield (3.45 cm, 73.46 cm, 171.22 cm2, 16.83, 9.83 cm, 21.89 cm, 17.19 cm, and 5.14 kg as stem girth, vine length, leaf area, number of leaves, number of fruits, fruit weight, and fruit circumference) and the lowest from control. According to the study, applying cattle manure in the study area at a rate of 15 tha-1 considerably improves cucumber growth and yield. In order to improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil and eliminate the need to apply inorganic fertilizer, farmers in the research area are advised to amend their soils with 15 tha-1 cattle dung.</p
Different roles of sex hormones in inflammation may lead to sex-disaggregation of COVID-19 pathology
No full textSevere acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), the single strain RNA virus, infection causes the global pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), in which the immune escape ability of SARS‐CoV‐2 has an important role by inhibiting antiviral innate immunity. Pattern-Recognition Receptors (PRRs), such as Retinoic acid-Inducible Gene I (RIG-I), induce antiviral innate immune responses by sensing viral nucleotides and producing type I interferons. Epidemiological investigation reveals there is sex disaggregation in that males experience more severe symptoms and suffer higher mortality from COVID‐19 than females. This review discusses the different roles of sex hormones in the immune response to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection to explain the mechanism of sex disaggregation and explore novel preventive strategies.</p