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Childhood victimization and dating violence
No full textA Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts (Honours) in Psychology, University of Regina. 37 p.Re-victimization in intimate partner violence situations may occur due to the cyclical nature of violence. Previously, the link between childhood maltreatment and intimate partner violence has been well-researched in the literature. However, there has not been as much research on the relationship between childhood abuse and dating violence, especially in adolescents. In the present study, we used data from the General Social Survey (GSS) cycle 34 - Canadians’ Safety (2019) to analyze the relationship between experiencing childhood abuse and becoming a victim of dating violence. The purpose of this project was to examine what factors appear to be associated with dating violence in adolescence and young adulthood. The current study sought to address two principal research questions. The first is: What negative childhood experiences may be contributing to dating violence? This can be divided into a typology of: a) emotional abuse, b) physical abuse, c) sexual abuse, and d) witnessing violence. The second is: Are there other factors that may contribute to dating violence? This includes gender differences, neighbourhood conditions, substance use, and mental health issues. To explore significant relationships among variables, we conducted cross-tabulations, independent samples t-tests, Pearson correlations, as well as multiple regression models. The findings and implications of this study are discussed.Studentn
Psychological responses to COVID-19 and predictors of functional impairment among individuals living with chronic pain: A web-based population representation survey
No full textA Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in Clinical Psychology, University of Regina. x, 119 p.The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in adverse physical and psychological impacts globally. Already vulnerable populations, such as individuals living with chronic pain, have been excessively impacted, having reported elevated levels of pain, functional impairment, stress, anxiety, depression, and traumatic stress symptoms. Evidence from previous epidemics and the current pandemic suggest that individuals with chronic pain may be particularly susceptible to certain pandemic-related stressors; however, research considering the multifaceted nature of COVID stress and associations with pain-related disability among individuals with chronic pain in the context of the pandemic have been limited. The current study was designed to 1) explore COVID-19-related stress responses between individuals living with and without chronic pain, 2) examine COVID-19-related disability and pain-related functional impairments in the context of COVID-19, and 3) identify predictors of pain-related functional impairment, including an investigation of traumatic stress symptoms. A population representative sample of Canadian and American adults with (n = 1,452) or without (n = 4,360) chronic pain completed an online survey during the third wave of the pandemic (March 24th – May 4th, 2021), including measures of COVID stress, COVID disability, pain severity, pain interference, as well as anxiety, depressive, and traumatic stress symptoms. COVID stress was explored between individuals with or without chronic pain to assess potential differential pandemic-related stress responses using profile analyses. Chi-squared analyses and analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were conducted to explore COVID disability and pain-related functional impairments across various chronic pain conditions, and prediction of pain-related functional impairments were then modelled utilizing regression analyses. Results of profile analyses indicated that, in comparison to the general population, individuals with chronic pain reported greater levels of COVID stress across various domains, with the exception of compulsive checking and reassurance seeking symptoms. Chi-squared analyses and ANOVAS demonstrated that individuals with new onset chronic pain conditions (i.e., since the COVID-19 pandemic began) reported both greater levels of pain-related functional impairments and COVID disability. Regression analyses indicated that, within the context of COVID-19, pain-related functional impairments were significantly predicted by levels of pain severity, depressive symptoms, and COVID disability. Understanding the psychological impacts of the pandemic on individuals living with chronic pain, as well as the subsequent impacts on functional impairment, is an important means to reducing the exacerbation and maintenance of pain. COVID disability, taking into account levels of COVID stress, may be particularly important in understanding pain-related disability in the context of COVID-19.Studentye
Feature Story: 5 ways you can give back in 2022
No full textLet’s make 2022 all about caring for each other. Why not start by committing to giving back to your community? Whether it’s fundraising, donating, or volunteering, there are plenty of opportunities for members of our campus community to give back this year. To get you started, here’s a few unique initiatives you can get involved with.Staffn
Pervasive Uncertainty under Threat: Mental Health Disorders and Experiences of Uncertainty for Correctional Workers
No full textExposure to potentially psychologically traumatic events for correctional workers is high. However, the mechanisms driving the high prevalence are relatively unexplained. Using data from a cross-sectional, online survey of correctional service workers (n = 845) in Ontario, Canada, collected in 2017–2018, we assess the prevalence of mental disorders with a specific focus on uncertainty in the workplace and between correctional roles. We find that correctional officers, institutional governance, and probation/parole officers appear most at risk of mental disorders (prevalence of any mental disorder was 56.9%, 60.3%, and 59.2%, respectively). We argue slightly lower prevalence among institutional wellness, training, and administrative staff may result in part from their more predictable work environment, where they have more control. The results reaffirm a need for evidence-based proactive mental health activities, knowledge translation, and treatment and a need to explore how authority without control (i.e., unpredictability at work) can inform employee mental health.The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: R. Nicholas Carleton’s research is supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) through a New Investigator Award (FRN: 13666). Tracie O. Afifi’s research is supported by a Tier I Canada Research Chair. This research was also funded in part by a CIHR Catalyst Grant (FRN: 16234).Facultyye
Mary Filer Exhibition Pamphlet
No full textCanadian artist Mary Filer (1920-2016) was born in Edmonton,
Alberta but moved to Regina as a young woman. She studied
at Balfour Technical School from 1938-1941 before relocating
to Montreal and then England. Filer eventually returned to
Canada and settled in British Columbia. Her art can be
described as eclectic, ranging in subject matter from
portraiture, cityscapes and abstract pieces. Filer is most well
known for her work in stained glass and other large-scale
murals. However as a serial experimenter, Filer was not limited
to these mediums alone
Cross product ratio under different sampling schemes and zero truncated negative binomial weighted Weibull distribution with applications
No full textA Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Statistics, University of Regina. xiii, * 169.A successful clinical trial requires efficient strategies for enrolling and retaining the study participants. In fact, Global data research suggests that participant enrollment issues are one of the major problems for the clinical trial termination. This thesis aims to compute the point estimators for the cross-product ratio ρ from two independent Bernoulli samples and determine the best sampling scheme. The idea of using Bernoulli samples to conduct clinical trials has been very successful since it is cost
effective. Bias and Mean Squared Errors are used as the principal criteria. According to the simulation results, the special case of Direct-Inverse Binomial sampling scheme works the best, where the number of successes in the Direct sampling scheme is used in the second sampling scheme of the Inverse Binomial scheme. Results of Bias and Mean Squared Errors are compiled in the tables for different levels of samples and probabilities.
We focus on the idea of enrolling participants using the special case of the Direct- Inverse sampling scheme. Asymptotic confidence intervals for the cross-product ratio ρ are constructed. Closeness of the confidence coefficient to the nominal confidence level is our main evaluation criterion, and we use the Monte-Carlo method to investigate the key probability characteristics of intervals. We present estimations of the coverage probability and interval width in tables.
As a real world practical application of the technique, CYP-GUIDES case study is discussed where the standard and genetically guided therapy are compared to determine whether one therapy is more effective than the other. We compute point estimators for the cross-product ratio under the different sample schemes and determine the confidence interval for the special case of Direct-Inverse sampling scheme.
In this thesis, we propose two new discrete distributions, the negative binomialweighted Weibull and the zero truncated negative binomial-weighted Weibull distributions. Some statistical properties of the proposed distributions are presented. The parameter estimates for the proposed distributions have been derived by the maximum likelihood estimation. The applications to real data sets are presented in order to compare the performance with other distributions.Studentye
Racial bias in adults’ deception judgments of children’s reports
No full textA Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science (Honours) in Psychology, University of Regina. 37 p.Few studies have investigated systematic biases in adults’ truth and lie judgments of children’s reports. Research demonstrates that adults tend to exhibit a bias towards believing a child is telling the truth (Talwar et al., 2006), but it is unknown whether this truth bias applies equally to all children. Lloyd and colleagues (2017) discovered that adults demonstrate a racial bias when judging the veracity of the reports made by other adults. However, it is unknown if similar racial biases occur when determining the reports made by children. The current study examined whether adults perceive children to be more or less deceptive based on their race. Using the Prolific data-collection platform, 297 adult participants reviewed fictitious transcripts of a teacher interviewing a child who denies having committed a misbehaviour at school (e.g., damaging a laptop). The race and gender of the child in the transcript were manipulated using a photo of either a Black or White (randomized within-subjects) girl or boy (randomized between-subjects). Participants were asked to rate how deceptive they believed the child was being on a 10-point scale. Participants also completed questionnaires assessing how motivated they are not to appear prejudiced. Results indicate that adults demonstrate a bias in their deception judgements based on the race and gender of the child, and that this bias is dependent on participants’ desire not to appear prejudiced. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.Studentn
Social Interaction and Physical Activity among Rural Older Adults
No full textA Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina. 11, 225 p.Physical activity and social interaction are critical components in supporting
health and well-being among older adults; therefore, there is significant merit in further
exploration of the relationship between these concepts, particularly in rural settings where
rates of physical activity are low. Social interaction is also associated with numerous
health benefits to older adults; however, little research exists on the association between
social interaction and physical activity among rural dwelling older adults. The current
COVID-19 pandemic has also placed additional barriers on physical activity participation
and social interaction, particularly among older adults who are considered a high-risk
population where, in an effort to minimize transmission of the virus, self-isolation and
physical distancing were recommended.
The purpose of this dissertation was to explore what is known about social
interaction and physical activity among older adults in rural communities through a
scoping review of the literature, followed by a phenomenological study to better
understand of the experience of social interaction and physical activity among the older
adult population in a rural context during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The scoping review produced 990 results, where 26 articles met the inclusion
criteria. Although there were differences in the defining role and meaning of physical
activity among the studies, findings indicated that physical activity and social interaction
were important for many older adults in maintaining health; however, not all older adults
preferred the social aspect of exercising with others. A rural environment often presented
limited opportunities for participating in physical and social activities related to
geographical location and other socio-economic factors.
Using a social ecological model as a guide, data for the phenomenological study
were collected from ten participants through individual telephone-based interviews.
Findings revealed the inter-related aspects of individual and social factors that influence
health promoting behaviours. For many, physical activity was socially motivated. The
environment also had an impact on older adults’ physical and social interaction, both
positively and negatively. Participants in rural communities expressed a sense of
community belonging, safety, and trust which fostered engagement; however, inhibiting
factors included icy roads, lack of public transportation and limited services. COVID-19
restrictions also impacted the opportunities for many rural older adults to participate in
physical activities and social events, leaving many participants feeling lonely and
isolated. COVID-19 restrictions on social interaction provided some with a welcomed
break from their usual daily responsibilities.
Exploring social interaction and physical activity among rural dwelling older
adults adds substantial value to rural-based research, targeting specific interventions that
reflect the unique perceptions and experiences of rural older adults to support health and
well-being throughout aging. The results of this research are useful in identifying
modifiable factors to support and promote active engagement in physical and social
activities; however, awareness of negative associations is needed when considering low
physical activity rates and social interaction among rural older adults. As a scarcity of
rural-specific studies was found in the scoping review, further research is needed to better
understand the concepts in a rural environment as often physical and social interaction
are experienced differently than in an urban setting.Studentye
Longitudinal Informational Literacy Instruction Assessment: A Survey of University of Regina Faculty of Education Graduate Students
No full textFor the period January 2018 to January 2020, the University of Regina Dr. John Archer Library and Archives (Library) conducted a longitudinal research project of graduate students enrolled in the University Faculty of Education to determine the effectiveness of information literacy (IL) instruction, and in particular, the effect IL instruction has on students’ abilities to retain and further develop their individual IL skills. Survey findings will highlight changes to be made to current IL programming to improve outcomes going forward.Facultyye
Feature Story: University of Regina expands career-ready learning opportunities with opening of new Centre for Experiential and Service Learning
No full textUniversity of Regina celebrates the grand opening of the new Centre for Experiential and Service Learning (CESL). The CESL builds on and expands the University's experiential learning and volunteer programs so that students in all disciplines can gain hands-on work and volunteer experiences and learn by doing.Staffn