University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
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Real World Study on the Best CPX‐351 Treatment Duration and Timing for Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
No full text: In the registration clinical trial 301 (NCT01696084), CPX-351 has shown to be superior to conventional 3 + 7 in secondary AML (s-AML). However, the optimal duration of treatment, the best timing for allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), and the activity of CPX-351 in specific s-AML subgroups are unclear. To evaluate these aspects, a total of 513 s-AML patients (median age 65.6 years, 19-79) treated with CPX-351 were retrospectively analyzed. Complete remission (CR) rate after induction was 297/513 (58%), increasing to 340/513 (66%) after cycle 2. Among the 340 responding patients, 118 (34.7%), 137 (40.3%), and 85 (25%) received none, one, or two consolidation cycles of CPX-351, respectively. Overall, 230/513 patients (48.8%) received allo-HSCT. Median follow up was 23.66 months and median overall survival (OS) was 16.23 months. Patients with mutated NPM1 or with ELN 2017 favorable risk (p < 0.05) had a significantly longer OS (p < 0.05). In a landmark analysis, receiving allo-HSCT was associated with a longer survival (Median OS not reached vs. 16.3 months for patients receiving or not receiving allo-HSCT, p < 0.05). Completion of all allowed CPX-351 cycles was beneficial only in patients not proceeding to transplant (p < 0.05), whereas in transplanted patients additional CPX-351 cycles did not improve outcome. Our analysis suggests that also s-AML patients with NPM1 mutations and those belonging to the ELN 2017 favorable risk category benefit from CPX-351. In eligible patients, allo-HSCT should be performed as soon as a CR is achieved, whereas patients not undergoing transplant benefit from a complete CPX-351 schedule
Metabolomic Insights into the Potential of Chestnut Biochar as a Functional Feed Ingredient
No full textBiochar is potentially a functional ingredient in animal nutrition that offers health benefits such as detoxification, while also promoting environmental sustainability through carbon sequestration, emission reduction, and its circular production. However, the heterogeneity of commercially available biochar products requires a detailed assessment of their functional properties for applications in animal feed. This study evaluates chestnut biochar from morphological, chemical, and metabolomic perspectives and assesses its functional properties. Metabolomic analysis of a water extract using QTOF HPLC-MS/MS confirmed the presence of bioactive compounds, such as hydroxybenzoic and succinic acids, highlighting its potential as a functional feed ingredient. The chestnut biochar inhibited the growth of the pathogenic E. coli strains F18+ and F4+, with maximum inhibition rates of 15.8% and 28.6%, respectively, after three hours of incubation. The downregulation of genes associated with quorum sensing (MotA, FliA, FtsE, and HflX, involved in biofilm formation and cellular division) suggests that biochar interferes with several aspects of the pathogenic process. Importantly, biochar was not found to adversely affect beneficial probiotic bacteria, such as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Limosilactobacillus reuteri. These findings support the potential of chestnut biochar as a versatile ingredient for sustainable animal nutrition, thus promoting animal welfare while offering environmental benefits
Results from the Italian Nexus aRCH endovascular repair registry for endovascular aortic arch repair
No full textObjective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and clinical outcomes of endovascular aortic arch repair using the Nexus and Nexus Duo endograft systems. Methods: A multicenter, retrospective study with prospectively collected data was conducted as part of the Italian Nexus Aortic aRCH Endovascular Repair Registry (INARCHER) between 2019 and 2024. Nexus platforms include an off-the-shelf bimodular single branch endograft and a custom-made double-branch device. Patients who underwent endovascular aortic arch repair with the Nexus and Nexus Duo endograft systems at participating centers were included. The study addressed both aortic arch aneurysm and dissection. Data collection included baseline patient characteristics, procedural details, and follow-up results. The primary endpoints were early (30 days) major adverse events, major stroke, and mortality. Secondary endpoints included the need for device-related reintervention and the device-related endoleak. Results: We collected 31 cases from 11 centers. The mean age was 73.4 ± 7.32 years, and 77.4% were male. Thirteen patients had a degenerative aneurysm, three had a pseudoaneurysm after prior surgical repair, two had penetrating aortic ulcers, and 13 had an aortic dissection (subacute, n = 1; chronic, n = 12). Prior ascending aorta replacement was present in 15 cases (48.4%). Seven patients (22.6%) received urgent treatment. Twenty-five cases were treated with complete supra-aortic trunks debranching and Nexus, six cases with left subclavian artery-left common carotid artery debranching and Nexus Duo. The mean operative time was 230 ± 73 minutes. Technical success was achieved in 97% of procedures owing to one case of type IA endoleak. Perioperative mortality was 6.5%, related to a massive pulmonary embolism and a cardiac arrest. Major strokes occurred in 6.5%. The major adverse event rate was 22.6%. The mean follow-up period was 29.7 ± 24.9 months. Beyond 30 days, there was no aortic-related mortality, and freedom from related reintervention was 97% (95% confidence interval, 91%-100%). Conclusions: The use of the Nexus and Nexus Duo endograft systems appears to be a safe option for the treatment of aortic arch dissection and aneurysm, with complication rates consistent with existing literature for such high-complexity cases. Endovascular aortic arch repair remains a challenging procedure with non-negligible neurologic complication, requiring ongoing improvements to enhance patient outcomes
Intelligenza artificiale e cibersicurezza: profili informatico-giuridici, fra vulnerabilità delle macchine e delle persone
No full textIl contributo discute le principali questioni di ciberiscurezza dei sistemi di Intelligenza Artificiale (IA) in una prospettiva informatico-giuridica. Premesso un succinto inquadramento normativo anche su concetti basilari della sicurezza informatica, vengono dapprima analizzate le principali minacce che incombono attualmente sui sistemi informatici e di IA, tenendo conto che quest’ultimi sono anche sistemi informatici. Viene poi discussa la vulnerabilità degli agenti artificiali e umani nella Società algoritmica, delineandone criticità e possibili evoluzioni
Pubblicità
No full textIl testo analizza il rapporto tra Cesare Zavattini e il mondo della pubblicità