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Empowering Civil Protection:Bridging the Gap Between New Tools and Daily Operations
No full textThis article investigates how the TEMA decision support system was integrated into a Finnish rescue department, focusing on the real-world interaction between new technology and existing operational practices. The study found challenges in joint optimization due to TEMA’s usability, language issues, and concerns about AI trustworthiness. However, the human teams showed strong adaptability through peer learning, collective problem-solving, and a clear desire to customize the technology to meet their needs. TEMA also demonstrated potential to reshape work by incorporating new data sources and shifting roles towards data interpretation, influencing communication within the department. This research highlights how factors like cognitive load, language compatibility, and trust in AI significantly impact how well technology is adopted in high-stress civil protection environments, emphasizing the active role users play in making new tools fit their specific operational realities
Role of Fathers in the Best Interests of the Child under the European Human Rights Regime
No full textQuestions surrounding the relationship between the rights of children and the rights of their parents in custody disputes has become increasingly important, not the least because of the high rates of divorce and parental separation in Europe. Along with the prevalence of parental separation, a widespread preference for assigning custody to mothers has been observed in public discourse on an overarching European level. Despite the fact that gender-based parenting roles have grown increasingly blurry in Western countries, fathers still face unique legal challenges that differ from those of mothers with regard to custody and access rights. Statistical data generally affirms that sole custody is awarded to mothers much more often than fathers, yet psychological studies consistently demonstrate the importance of the father to the well-being of children, even after parental separation.Following from the above considerations, an important question arises: how do the unique human rights-related challenges faced by biological fathers in custodyrelated issues affect the fulfilment of the best interests of the child (BIC), which must be the primary consideration in child-related adjudication, as envisaged in Article 3 of the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC)? It is through the parents that the rights of the child must be realized, and under the CRC, the purpose of the BIC is to ensure the ‘full and effective enjoyment of all the rights recognized in the Convention and the holistic development of the child’, meaning that the role of parents and family in its fulfilment cannot be understated. It is equally obvious that the demonstrable differences between fathers and mothers in sole custody and residence outcomes have inevitable implications concerning the BIC.The presented PhD research looks at trends regarding the legal position and human rights protection of biological fathers in the context of custody disputes. This is done by identifying differences inherent to mother- and fatherhood in human rights adjudication, the developing role of rebuttable legal presumptions of shared parenting in Europe, legal challenges associated with unmarried fatherhood, and historical as well as contemporary trends that characterize the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) in the present context. Provisions on the rights of the child, custody, and access in light of the CRC and the European Convention on Human Rights are assessed, alongside some examples of their practical application in the domestic law of different European States. These examples are used in order to demonstrate how States have chosen to provide for these internationally determined rights within their jurisdictions, and the margin of appreciation they have under international supervision, particularly the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights. The central aim is to analyze how the rights of fathers contribute to the BIC, and how they should be accommodated when determining the BIC in the context of custody
Can tourism education take a “beautiful risk” of waiting and listening?
No full textIn his works Kiku-koto-no-chikara [The Power of Listening] and Matsu-to-iukoto [The Meaning of Waiting], Japanese philosopher and phenomenologist Kiyokazu Washida argues that both matsu [waiting] and kiku [listening] are not merely passive behaviours but actions that create space for the unexpected to arrive. Washida suggests that these acts involve being attentive rather than simply conscious, in a sense similar to that noted by Tim Ingold (2015) and Jan Masschelein (2010). In ecofeminist philosophy, Kato (2015) describes kiku not as simply catching a sound but as an act of honouring others. This involves surrendering one’s ego and allowing others to be subjects. Such practices of listening and waiting, or what Biesta (2011) calls “hesitation,” in educational settings may carry the risk of being addressed by others in unexpected ways. However, these encounters are not necessarily negative; Biesta frames them as a “beautiful risk” of education, arguing that if education does not contain this risk, it simply becomes uneducational.Drawing inspiration and guidance from these thinkers, I reflect on a community-based learning programme in rural Japan that I coordinated (2023/2024) for tourism degree students, where students, teachers, and local communities interchange their roles of teaching and learning. The presentation attempts to examine how a beautiful risk of waiting and listening can create spaces for tourism students, educators, and local communities to imagine alternative possibilities for living with tourism in ways that contribute to a global and sustainable future
Gifts from the Sentient Forest Exhibition : kuratointi
No full textThe Gifts from the Sentient Forest (GSF) exhibition is the outcome of an international, interdisciplinary arts-based research project between theUniversity of Lapland’s Arctic Centre, Finland and University of Notre Dame, Australia with support from the Kone Foundation’s “For the Woods” funding programme (2024–26).In Northern Finland, including Finnish Lapland as well as the urban areas of Oulu and Rovaniemi, the widespread clearing of old trees has degradedboreal ecosystems. Disrupting the diverse relationships between people and trees, climate change will continue to alter the country’s northernmostforests.In response to these ecological realities, the project has developed new modes of interacting with Northern Finland’s trees and appreciating thecultural legacies surrounding them. At the center of the work is forest sentience, a concept that highlights the abilities of trees to sense, communicate,behave, learn, and remember. Throughout the project, forest sentience provides a basis for deepening our appreciation of the arboreal world through art, film, music, poetry, prose, performance, and other creative responses
Untapping Patents to Promote a European Right to Repair:from Exhaustion to Compulsory Licensing
No full textAchieving sustainability transitions requires both legal reforms and changes in production and consumption habits. The ‘Right to Repair’ (RtR) movement supports sustainability by allowing buyers to repair products and extend their lifespan, promoting a circular economy. However, the RtR faces challenges from intellectual property rights (IPR), which can restrict access to spare parts or repair information, raising concerns about potential IPR infringements during repairs. This paper focuses specifically on patent rights and explores the tension between the RtR and patents in the EU context. It examines previously discussed IPR tools relevant for the RtR, like the exhaustion doctrine, which limits intellectual property (IP) after a product is sold, but also takes a step further and considers how compulsory licensing could further support repair rights. The paper argues for adapting patent laws to balance sustainability goals with IP protection, suggesting that both exhaustion and compulsory licensing could help strengthen the RtR while respecting patent holders’ interests.</p
Navigating trust in the public procurement judicial remedy system
No full textPurpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyze, on the basis of novel empirical data from Finland and previous research literature, trust in procurement judicial review and the factors that influence the decision of businesses to complain or not. Design/methodology/approach: The paper applies legal and social sciences methodology. The background is based on a legal literature review, whereafter it presents the results of a survey that applies qualitative empirical methodology and discusses possible avenues for reform of rules (de lege ferenda, legal dogmatics). The main results are based on an empirical data set collected through a survey to Finnish companies (352 responses). Findings: The results are not encouraging: almost 70 % considered that there is somewhat, a little or no trust in the public procurement judicial review system and its ability to correct an erroneous decision. This is particularly alarming as the lack of trust also appears to affect economic operators’ interest in participating in public contract awards, which is problematic from the perspectives of competition, effective public expenditure and achieving other goals such as sustainability. This study confirms that the decision of whether or not to appeal is primarily a business decision and not closely related to the actual breach in question. The public procurement remedies are designed for enabling courts to correct erroneous decisions, but the system is not equipped to solve the issues of reputational business risks. One way of addressing this issue and increasing the effectiveness of public procurement judicial review and remedies, would be to increase the availability of anonymous review mechanisms and the role of public procurement monitoring authorities. Social implications: Provides new insights how companies view procurement litigation and on how remedies rules should be developed. Originality/value: Collection and application of novel empirical data on factors impacting companies decision-making regarding procurement litigations.</p
Knitted Notes -näyttely
No full textKnitted Notes -niminen neuleteos ottaa kantaa ihmisten kokonaisvaltaiseen hyvinvointiin. Se on toteutettu yhteisöllisesti Muotosuunnittelun ja pukeutumisen tutkimuksen sivuainekokonaisuuteen kuuluvalla Pukeutuminen ja hyvinvointi -opintojaksolla opiskelijaryhmän kanssa. Käytännössä teos on valmistettu luennolla käytyjen keskustelujen sekä luentokertojen välisenä aikana neulottuja kokeiluja ja kokonaisia neuletöitä yhdistämällä.Perinteisten muistiinpanojen sijaan luentomuistiinpanoja tehtiin kokeellisesti neulomalla; Langoilla, väreillä, kuvioilla ja rakenteilla on kuvattu esimerkiksi omaa ajattelua, tunnetilaa ja oppimisen prosessia. Parhaassa tapauksessa neulottu muistiinpano on voinut jättää vahvan muistijäljen kulloisellakin kerralla käsitellyistä teemoista ja näihin teemoihin on voitu palata neulotun muistiinpanon avulla myöhemminkin.Muotiin ja pukeutumiseen vahvasti assosioituvan yksilölliseen ilmaisuun tähtäävän näkökulman sijaan teos on toteutettu eettisyyttä ja osallisuutta vahvistavia työskentelytapoja sekä yhteisöllisyyden ja jaetun tekijyyden periaatteita noudattaen. Pukeutumisen tuottamaa hyvinvointia on tarkasteltu useista eri näkökulmista.<br/
