University of Bari Aldo Moro
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L'apporto delle scienze pedagogiche al progetto PG4I. Didattica ludiforme e serious game per integrare
No full textL'apporto delle scienze pedagogiche al progetto PG4I. Didattica ludiforme e serious game per integrare
Massimazione delle sentenze e funzione “nomofilattica” della Cassazione napoletana (1808-1861)
Get PDFDopo aver effettuato una ricognizione storiografica concernente le raccolte di sentenze e di massime giurisprudenziali, le quali presentarono non poche analogie con le precedenti raccolte di decisiones che ebbero grande diffusione durante il periodo del c.d. ancien régime, si è ritenuto utile adottare la scansione temporale ideata da Francesco Mastroberti, il quale ha ipotizzato di poter suddividere la storia della Cassazione (1809-1861) in tre periodi, quello della “Cassazione Politica”, quello del “Laissez faire” e quello della “Cassazione Costituzionale”, per conferire al attuale lavoro un chiaro e sistematico ordine cronologico. Adottato questo schema, nel primo capitolo si è ritenuto opportuno offrire una panoramica delle sillogi che ebbero ad oggetto la giurisprudenza della Gran Corte di Cassazione di Napoli (dal 1817 denominata Corte Suprema di Giustizia), tra cui notevole rilevanza ebbero anche le compilazioni d’Oltralpe dei celebri Dalloz, Sirey e Merlin. Di seguito, nel secondo capitolo, dedicato specificamente al periodo della “Cassazione Politica”, si è fornita un’analisi della normativa generale, di quella attuativa e di quella riguardante il contenuto di ciascuno dei quattro volumi del Supplimento alla Collezione delle Leggi (1818-1819), redatto da Felice Parrilli, Niccola Nicolini ed Giovanni Vittorio Englen, opera che costituì la prima ed ultima raccolta ufficiale di massime e sentenze del Regno. Nel terzo capitolo ci si è soffermati sull’analisi della successiva opera di Nicolini, le Quistioni di Dritto (1835-1841), i cui sei volumi, per la maggior parte dedicati alla materia penale, presentarono una molteplicità di fonti, non solo sentenze, ma anche discorsi e sunti di lezione dal forte contenuto politico-costituzionale, da cui è stato possibile desumere la volontà dell’Autore, rilevante e longevissimo giurista, con importanti legami con i più autorevoli studiosi dell’epoca, tra cui Savigny, Mittermaier, Dupin, Sclopis (di cui si sono evidenziati i tratti più rilevanti della reciproca corrispondenza), di voler incidere anche sul piano istituzionale e su quello della formazione dei nuovi giuristi, al fine di scongiurare una qualsivoglia ipotesi di “restaurazione” dell’assolutismo. L’ultimo capitolo è stato dedicato allo studio della Giurisprudenza civile di Ferdinando Albisinni, la cui opera (in voll. 12, 1849-1859), proseguita da Luigi Capuano e Vincenzo Napolitani (in voll. 13, 1861-1880), raccogliendo l’eredità del Supplimento, segnò il momento di nascita di un’autentica giurisprudenza nazionale.After conducting a historiographical review of the collections of judgments and jurisprudential maxims, which shared several analogies with the previous collections of decisiones extensively diffused during the period of the so-called ancient regime, it was deemed valuable to adopt the temporal outline conceived by Francesco Mastroberti – who hypothesized dividing the history the Cassation (1809-1861) in three periods, the “Political Cassation”, the “Laissez faire” and the “Constitutional Cassation” – to provide the present work with a clear and systematic chronological order.Following this scheme, the first chapter offers an overview of the anthologies whose main subject was the jurisdiction of the Grand Court of Cassation of Naples (from 1817 called Supreme Court of Justice), amongst which had significant relevance the compilations from abroad including the famous Dalloz, Sirey and Merlin.The second chapter, specifically dedicated to the period of the “Political Cassation”, presents the analysis of the general legislation, the implementing legislation and the legislation regarding the content of each of the four volumes of the Supplimento alla Collezione delle Leggi (1818-1819) edited by Felice Parrilli, Niccola Nicolini ed Giovanni Vittorio Englen. The latter work constituted the first and last official collection of maxims and sayings of the Kingdom.In the third chapter, we focused on the analysis of Nicolini's later work, Le Quistioni di Dritto (1835-1841), whose six volumes, mostly dedicated to criminal matters, presented a multiplicity of sources. These included not only sentences but also speeches and summaries of lessons with a strong political-constitutional content from which it was possible to deduce the Author’s will. Nicolini, an important and long-lived jurist, had important links with the most authoritative scholars of the time, including Savigny, Mittermaier, Dupin, Sclopis (of which the most relevant features of the reciprocal correspondence have been highlighted), wanted to influence both the institutional level and the training of new jurists, in order to avert any hypothesis of a "restoration" of absolutism.The last chapter was dedicated to the study of the Giurisprudenza civile by Ferdinando Albisinni, whose work (in vols. 12, 1849-1859), continued by Luigi Capuano and Vincenzo Napolitani (in vols. 13, 1861-1880), collecting the inheritance of the Supplimento, marked the moment of birth of an authentic national jurisprudence
mTOR Inhibition limits LPS induced acute kidney injury and ameliorates hallmarks of cellular senescence
Get PDFSepsis-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) can lead to chronic renal dysfunction with accelerated renal aging. Activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is implicated in the initiation and progression of renal injury. This study investigates the effectiveness of the mTOR inhibitor, rapamycin, in mitigating kidney injury and explores the underlying mechanisms. AKI was induced by intraperitoneal administration of a solution containing 10 mg/kg of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in a mouse model. Two groups of endotoxemic mice received pre- and post- treatment with rapamycin. Whole-genome DNA methylation analysis was performed on renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (RPTEC). In the LPS-induced AKI mouse model, rapamycin treatment significantly reduced creatinine levels, preserved renal parenchyma, and counteracted the endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) by inhibiting the ERK pathway. Whole-genome DNA methylation analysis revealed that LPS induced aberrant methylation, particularly in genes associated with premature aging, including ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1 (ENTPD1/CD39) and wolframin ER transmembrane glycoprotein (WFS1). Accordingly, endotoxemic mice exhibited decreased CD39 expression and klotho down-regulation, both of which were reversed by rapamycin, suggesting an anti-aging effect in AKI. mTOR inhibition may represent a promising strategy to prevent accelerated renal aging in LPS-induced AKI and potentially slow the progression of chronic kidney disease
Omics data integration analysis identified new biological insights into chronic antibody-mediated rejection (CAMR)
Get PDFBackground: In the last two decades, many studies based on omics technologies have contributed to defining the clinical, immunological, and histological fingerprints of chronic antibody-mediated rejection (CAMR), the leading cause of long-term kidney allograft failure. However, the full biological machinery underlying CAMR has only been partially defined, likely due to the fact thatsingle-omics technologies capture only specific aspects of the biological system and fail to provide a comprehensive understanding of this clinical complication. Methods: This study integrated mass spectrometry-based proteomic profiling of serum samples from 19 patients with clinical and histological evidence of CAMR and 26 kidney transplant recipients with normal graft function and histology (CTR) with transcriptomic analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from an independent cohort of 10 CAMR and 8 CTR patients. Data analysis was conducted using unsupervised hierarchical clustering (multidimensional scaling with k-means) and Spearman’s correlation test. Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) with the importance in projection (VIP) score identified key proteins differentiating CAMR from CTR. ELISA was used to validate the omics results. Results: Proteomic analysis identified 18 proteins that significantly differentiated CAMR from CTR (p < 0.01): five were more abundant (CHI3L1, LYZ, PRSS2, CPQ, IGLV3-32), while 13 were less abundant (SERPINA5, SERPING1, KNG1, CAMP, VNN1, BTD, WDR1, PON3, AHNAK2, MELTF, CA1, CD44, CUL1). Transcriptomic profiling revealed 6 downregulated and 33 upregulated genes in CAMR versus CTR (p < 0.01). Notably, only 2 biological elements were significantly deregulated in both omics analyses: chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) and plasma protease inhibitor C1 (SERPING1). CHI3L1, previously associated with the severity of tissue damage in kidney diseases, was up-regulated in CAMR in both transcriptomics and proteomics, while SERPING1, a serine esterase inhibitor that blocks the classical and lectin pathway of complement, was up-regulated in CAMR in transcriptomics but down-regulated in proteomics. ELISA validated the omics results, and the ROC curve showed that CHI3L1 has good discrimination power between CAMR and CTR (AUC of ROC curve of 0.81). Conclusions: Our multi-omics data, although performed in a relatively small cohort of patients, revealed new systemic biological elements involved in the pathogenesis of CAMR and identified CHI3L1 as a new potential biomarker and/or therapeutic target for this important clinical complication. Future validation of these findings in larger patient cohorts should be conducted to better evaluate their clinical utility
A singular case of complex suicide by hanging with hesitation marks by axe
No full textWe present a case of complex suicide concerning a 55-year-old man who hanged himself using a rope anchored to a beam on the terrace of his apartment. Multiple parallel linear wounds were observed on his head. At the crime scene, an axe stained with blood and hair was found resting against the wall adjacent to the stairs leading to the upper floor. Forensic investigations identify the cause of death as mechanical asphyxia due to the hanging, in a complex suicide characterized by hesitation marks inflicted on the head with an axe. This specific type of complex suicide has never been described in the literature
Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery: A Systematic Review of Clinical Applications and Regenerative Outcomes
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This systematic review aims to evaluate the use of mesenchymal stem cells, particularly those derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, and dental pulp in maxillofacial and oral surgery, focusing on their regenerative potential, clinical applications, and integration with biomaterials. Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cells are multipotent stem cells known for their immunomodulatory and regenerative abilities. Their low immunogenicity and differentiation capacity make them ideal for treating craniofacial defects and enhancing soft tissue repair.
Materials and Methods
The review followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO. The literature was searched across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from 2009 to 2024. Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed for clinical efficacy and methodological quality.
Results
Clinical trials demonstrated the safety and regenerative benefits of mesenchymal stem cell in bone and soft tissue reconstruction. Adipose-derived stem cell and dental pulp stem cell showed favorable outcomes in angiogenesis and healing, while bone marrow’s cell proved effective in bone regeneration, particularly when combined with scaffolds.
Discussion and Conclusions
Although results are promising, limitations remain in consistency and long-term outcomes. Optimizing scaffold integration, preservation methods, and delivery techniques is crucial. Mesenchymal stem cell-based therapies represent a powerful, minimally invasive alternative to traditional grafting in oral and maxillofacial surgery
Recent Use of Hyaluronic Acid in Dental Medicine
Get PDFThis systematic review evaluates the clinical effectiveness of hyaluronic acid (HA) in periodontal therapy, oral surgery, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. Background. HA, a biocompatible glycosaminoglycan with anti-inflammatory and regenerative properties, is increasingly used in dentistry to enhance healing, reduce pain, and support periodontal regeneration. However, its efficacy compared to conventional treatments remains debated. Materials and Methods. A systematic search was conducted following PRISMA guidelines across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases (2015–2025). Twenty-one clinical studies, including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and case-control studies, were analyzed for outcomes related to pain reduction, tissue regeneration, and functional recovery. HA improved clinical attachment levels, reduced probing depth, and enhanced wound healing in periodontal therapy and oral surgery. It accelerated healing after extractions and frenectomies. However, TMJ disorder studies showed mixed results, with some reporting pain relief and functional improvement, while others found no significant advantage over platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or corticosteroids. Variability in HA formulations and protocols influenced outcomes. HA is a promising adjunct for periodontal therapy and wound healing. However, its role in TMJ treatment remains uncertain. Further RCTs with standardized protocols are needed to determine its optimal clinical application
Incorporating Fresh Durum Wheat Semolina Pasta Fortified with Cardoncello (Pleurotus eryngii) Mushroom Powder as a Mediterranean Diet Staple
Get PDFPasta made from durum wheat semolina has a medium–high glycemic index score, high starch digestibility, and limited nutritional value due to its low fiber, vitamin, and bioactive compound content. This study aimed to enhance pasta’s nutritional and functional qualities by incorporating Pleurotus eryngii (PE) powder at various substitution levels to achieve one nutritional claim at least. This research involved two phases: evaluating the chemical/physical, nutritional, functional, and sensory properties of laboratory-scale samples and validating the selected formulations through industrial-scale production and shelf-life analyses. The pasta sample with 8.62% PE substitution (SPE8-P) demonstrated significantly improved nutritional qualities, including high fiber content sufficient for a “high fiber content” claim, and potential prebiotic activity indicated by increased bifidobacterial density during simulated fecal microbiota fermentation. Despite its enhanced riboflavin and antioxidant content, regulatory constraints limited the inclusion of claims for vitamin B2 richness and antioxidant activity. Although significantly affecting the color, taste, and odor profiles, the sensory analysis revealed high overall acceptability, supporting the product’s potential for consumer acceptance. This study confirms the feasibility of producing innovative, nutritionally enriched pasta with PE powder as a functional ingredient. Future research will focus on in vivo evaluation to establish the potential for classifying this pasta prototype as a functional food
Unveiling spontaneous renal tubule-like structures from human adult renal progenitor cell spheroids derived from urine
Get PDFThe rapidly developing field of renal spheroids and organoids has emerged as a valuable tool for modeling nephrotoxicity, kidney disorders, and kidney development. However, existing studies have relied on intricate and sophisticated differentiation protocols to generate organoids and tubuloids, necessitating the external administration of multiple growth factors within precise timeframes. In our study, we demonstrated that human adult renal progenitor cells (ARPCs) isolated from the urine of both healthy subjects and patients can form spheroids that naturally generated very long tubule-like structures. Importantly, the generation of these tubule-like structures is driven solely by ARPCs, without the need for the external use of chemokines or growth factors to artificially induce this process. These tubule-like structures exhibit the expression of structural and functional renal tubule markers and bear, in some cases, striking structural similarities to various nephron regions, including the distal convoluted tubule, the loop of Henle, and proximal convoluted tubules. Furthermore, ARPC spheroids express markers typical of pluripotent cells, such as stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 (SSEA4), secrete elevated levels of renin, and exhibit angiogenic properties. Notably, ARPCs isolated from the urine of patients with IgA nephropathy form spheroids capable of recapitulating the characteristic IgA1 deposition observed in this disease.These findings represent significant advancements in the field, opening up new avenues for regenerative medicine in the study of kidney development, mechanisms underlying renal disorders, and the development of regenerative therapies for kidney-related ailments
Sacred Landscape and transformations. Exploring cultural heritage in Italian cemeteries amidst contemporary tourism influences
No full textThis chapter explores the immersive sacred landscapes of cemeteries, delving into the multifaceted dimensions of cultural and dissonant heritage, and contemporary influences shaped by tourism. Employing a qualitative research approach, this study employs Italian case studies to investigate the intricate interplay between sacred spaces and the evolving socio-cultural landscape.
The research examines how these sites, traditionally associated with reverence, religiosity and memorialization, explore the interactions arising from contemporary influences, particularly those fueled by dark and thanatourism (Stone, Sharpley, 2008). Travelers explore graveyards in search of the artistic, architectural, historical, sounds of silence and scenic richness commonly found in burial sites. Additionally, they seek to uncover the eerie tales surrounding tragic and violent deaths; all share the desire to live an authentic experience.
By scrutinizing the dynamic relationship between the sacred and the secular, the study sheds light on the ways in which cemeteries and tombs negotiate their roles in cultural heritage construction. It also unravels the complexities of dissonant heritage, where the historical and the present collide, creating a nuanced tapestry of meanings and dimensions. Particularly, the study, following a bibliographic review on the subject, scrutinizes the websites of Italian cemeteries. The survey also includes site visits and interviews with visitors. Analysis of data is carried out to highlight to the narratives, and cultural and tourist attractions for the enhancement and cultural awareness of these places. From potentially “dark” destinations, they are likely transforming into “bright” ones. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the intricate connections between sacred spaces, tourism, destinations and cultural heritage, offering insights into the challenges and opportunities faced by these landscapes in a rapidly changing world, which are being characterized by a progressive relevance of new “leisure” services